| Bosansko Grahovo massacre | |
|---|---|
| Location | Bosansko Grahovo, Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Coordinates | 44°10′48″N16°21′36″E / 44.18000°N 16.36000°E |
| Date | 27 July 1941 |
| Target | Croat civilians |
Attack type | War crime |
| Deaths | Around 100 |
| Perpetrators | Chetniks |
The Bosansko Grahovo massacre was a massacre of Croat civilians was committed by local Chetnik rebels on 27 July 1941 in the village of Bosansko Grahovo.
On 27 July 1941, a Yugoslav Partisan-led uprising began in the area of Dvar and Bosansko Grahovo (Drvar uprising). [1] It was a coordinated effort from both sides of the Una River in the territory of southeastern Lika and southwestern Bosanska. [2] It succeeded in transferring key NDH territory under rebel control. [2]
On the same day the Trubar massacre occurred, Chetniks and other affiliated Serb rebels, commanded by Branko Bogunović, [3] attacked Croat civilians in Bosansko Grahovo and surrounding villages, killing about 100, of whom 62 were identified. Among those killed were at least 5 women and 9 children. [4] Numerous homes were burned, along with the Catholic church and rectory in Grahovo. A parish priest, Juraj Gospodnetić, was tortured and killed. [5]
Bosansko Grahovo is a town and the seat of the Municipality of Bosansko Grahovo in Canton 10 of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is situated in western Bosnia and Herzegovina along the border with Croatia.
The Yugoslav Partisans, or the National Liberation Army, officially the National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia, was the communist-led anti-fascist resistance to the Axis powers in occupied Yugoslavia during World War II. Led by Josip Broz Tito, the Partisans are considered to be Europe's most effective anti-Axis resistance movement during World War II.
Drvar is a town and municipality located in Canton 10 of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The 2013 census registered the municipality as having a population of 7,036. It is situated in western Bosnia and Herzegovina, on the road between Bosansko Grahovo and Bosanski Petrovac, and also near Glamoč.
Momčilo Đujić was a Serbian Orthodox priest and Chetnik vojvoda. He led a significant proportion of the Chetniks within the northern Dalmatia and western Bosnia regions of the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), a fascist puppet state created from parts of the occupied Kingdom of Yugoslavia during World War II. In this role he collaborated extensively with the Italian and then the German occupying forces against the communist-led Partisan insurgency.
The Krnjeuša massacre, sometimes referred to as the Krnjeuša pogrom, was a massacre of Croat civilians committed by local Serb rebels led by Mane Rokvić on 9-10 August 1941, during the Drvar uprising.
The Srb uprising was a rebellion against the Independent State of Croatia that began on 27 July 1941 in Srb, a village in the region of Lika. The uprising was started by the local population as a response to persecutions of Serbs by the Ustaše and was led by Chetniks and Yugoslav Partisans. It soon spread across Lika and Bosanska Krajina. During the uprising numerous war crimes were committed against local Croat and Muslim population, especially in the area of Kulen Vakuf. As NDH forces lacked the strength to suppress the uprising, the Italian Army, which was not a target of the rebels, expanded its zone of influence to Lika and parts of Bosanska Krajina.
The Dinara Division was an irregular Chetnik formation that existed during the World War II Axis occupation of Yugoslavia that largely operated as auxiliaries of the occupying forces and fought the Yugoslav Partisans. Organized in 1942 with assistance from Ilija Trifunović-Birčanin and headed by Momčilo Đujić, the division incorporated commanders in Bosnia and Herzegovina, northern Dalmatia, and the Lika region. The division was under the control of supreme Chetnik commander Draža Mihailović and received aid from Dimitrije Ljotić, leader of the Serbian Volunteer Corps, and Milan Nedić, head of the Serbian puppet Government of National Salvation.
The Uprising in Serbia was initiated in July 1941 by the Communist Party of Yugoslavia against the German occupation forces and their Serbian quisling auxiliaries in the Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia. At first the Yugoslav Partisans mounted diversions and sabotage and attacked representatives of Milan Aćimović's quisling administration. In late August some Chetniks joined the uprising and liberated Loznica. The uprising soon reached mass proportions. Partisans and Chetniks captured towns that weak German garrisons had abandoned. The armed uprising soon engulfed great parts of the occupied territory. The largest liberated territory in occupied Europe was created by the Partisans in western Serbia, and was known as the Republic of Užice. Rebels shared power on the liberated territory; the center of the Partisan liberated territory was in Užice, and Chetniks had their headquarters in Ravna Gora.
The Uprising in Montenegro, commonly known as the 13 July Uprising was an uprising against Italian occupation forces in Montenegro. Initiated by the Communist Party of Yugoslavia on 13 July 1941, it was suppressed within six weeks, but continued at a much lower intensity until Battle of Pljevlja on 1 December 1941. The insurgents were led by a combination of communists and former Royal Yugoslav Army officers from Montenegro. Some of the officers had recently been released from prisoner-of-war camps following their capture during the invasion of Yugoslavia. The communists managed the organisation and provided political commissars, while the insurgent military forces were led by former officers. The entire nation rejected the privileged position offered by its occupiers, rejected the capitulation in order to fight for Yugoslavia, together with "Russia".
A massacre of Croat civilians was committed by local Serb rebels on 27 July 1941 in village Trubar in Drvar municipality Independent State of Croatia. It was one of a number of massacres in the southwestern Bosnian Krajina during the Drvar uprising and Eastern Lika.
Juraj Gospodnetić was a Croatian Catholic priest who was tortured and murdered by Chetniks during the Bosansko Grahovo massacre. The Holy See started the process of beatification of Gospodnetić on 21 December 2014 as well as the process of beatification of the other three priests of the Diocese of Banja Luka murdered in the massacres during the Second World War, Waldemar Maximilian Nestor, Antun Dujlović and Krešimir Barišić.
The Chetniks, a Yugoslav royalist and Serbian nationalist movement and guerrilla force, committed numerous war crimes during the Second World War, primarily directed against the non-Serb population of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, mainly Muslims and Croats, and against Communist-led Yugoslav Partisans and their supporters. Most historians who have considered the question regard the Chetnik crimes against Muslims and Croats during this period as constituting genocide.
The Kulen Vakuf massacre was committed during World War II by Communist-led Yugoslav Partisans and groups of non-communist Serb rebels, killing 1,000 to 3,000 Ustaše prisoners as well as Muslim, and a smaller number of Croat, civilians in early September 1941 in Kulen Vakuf, part of the Independent State of Croatia. The local Ustaše had previously massacred Serbs in Kulen Vakuf and surrounding villages.
The Drvar uprising was the World War II uprising of the Serb population of Bosnian Krajina. Italy supported it, both politically and in arms, in its struggle against the fascist puppet state of the Independent State of Croatia between 27 July and 26 September 1941.
Mane Rokvić was a Serb guerrilla commander and collaborator with the Axis occupation forces during the Second World War. Rokvić briefly became commander of the Yugoslav Partisan 4th detachment of the Sloboda Battalion during the 1941 Drvar uprising, a spontaneous resistance by the Serbian population to the genocidal activities of the Independent State of Croatia in Western Bosnia. Later and most notably, Rokvić left the communist cause to join the royalist Dinara Chetnik Division to command the King Alexander I regiment. He went on to collaborate with the Germans to fight against the Yugoslav Partisans.
Branko "Brane" Bogunović was one of the commanders of Serb rebels during the Drvar uprising who later became military officer of the Yugoslav Army in the Fatherland.
The Boričevac massacre was the massacre of Croat civilians in the village of Boričevac, committed by Serb rebels on 2 August 1941, during the Srb uprising.
The Brotnja massacre was the massacre of Croat civilians in the village of Brotnja, committed by Serb rebels on 27 July 1941, during the Srb and Drvar uprisings.
The Vrtoče massacre was the massacre of Croat civilians in the village of Vrtoče, committed by Serb rebels on 8 August 1941, during the Srb uprising.
