Brent C. Harris is an American attorney who worked on the National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling, and later served as Director of Global Affairs for Facebook, where he was instrumental in developing Facebook's Oversight Board.
Born in Norman, Oklahoma, [1] Harris received a B.A. and M.A. from Stanford University in 2004, [2] [3] after which he worked for the Hewlett Foundation for two years. [3] He received a J.D. from Stanford Law School in 2009, [2] where he was editor of Stanford Law Review. While at Stanford, he performed pro bono legal work to assist with the establishment of "the first farmers market in East Palo Alto", which had previously lacked options for residents to buy fresh produce. [2]
In 2011, Harris was one of four staff counsels to the National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling. [4] After his work with the commission was done, Harris served as a consultant for nonprofit organizations, [5] and became known as "an expert in international regulation". [6]
Between late 2017 and early 2018, Facebook hired Harris to become the company's Director of Global Affairs. [6] [7] : 2452–53 [8] Wired noted that "[s]ince [Harris] had worked on adjudicating the BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, he was well-placed to deal with the gushers of offensive content on Facebook's platform". [6] In March 2018, shortly after Harris had joined the company, the harvesting of Facebook data by Cambridge Analytica was reported, and Harris began focusing on the establishment of Facebook's Oversight Board. [6] In its early stages, it was described as follows:
This team came to be called the Governance and Strategic Initiatives Team, or Governance Team. ... The Governance team led by Harris has around ten direct employees as well as dozens of "cross-functional" employees, who work on the Governance Team and in other areas of Facebook. Harris and the Governance Team report to Clegg, who in turn reports directly to Zuckerberg. [7] : 2452–53
One observer of the process noted that Harris led the drafting of the charter and bylaws, which initially "included a lot of dry, careful legal language". [5] Harris engaged in various activities in support of the establishment of the Oversight Board, including writing articles, [9] and headlining the public consultation on the initiative in cities around the world, including in his hometown of Norman. [1] [7] : 2456
Following the initiation of operations of the body, Harris disputed characterizations of the Oversight Board as a means for Facebook to "duck responsibility for its toughest decisions". [6] Harris was also noted as having said that Facebook "will implement the board's decisions 'unless they violate the law'". [8] In an interview with CNN Business, Harris indicated that the company had left the timetable for handling of election-related cases with the Board, stating, "[w]e don't, from the Facebook side, want to add undue pressure to them", and that it was "really a question for them as to when are they ready". [10]
Transocean Ltd. is an American company. It is the world's largest offshore drilling contractor based on revenue and is based in Vernier, Switzerland. The company has offices in 20 countries, including Canada, the United States, Norway, United Kingdom, India, Brazil, Singapore, Indonesia, and Malaysia.
A containment dome is a component of the system designed to contain the underwater blowout of an oil well such as occurred with the Macondo Well blowout from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. This portion of the system is designed as a vacuum to suck up the products being expelled from a blowout and deliver those products to the containment system housed on the vessel moored above the blowout. Superior Energy Services is constructing this device to be used by Shell Oil Company on the barge Arctic Challenger as their "fourth line of defense" against a blowout in the Arctic drilling regions in the Chukchi Sea and Beaufort Sea.
Deepwater Horizon was an ultra-deepwater, dynamically positioned, semi-submersible offshore drilling rig owned by Transocean and operated by BP. On 20 April 2010, while drilling at the Macondo Prospect, a blowout caused an explosion on the rig that killed 11 crewmen and ignited a fireball visible from 40 miles (64 km) away. The fire was inextinguishable and, two days later, on 22 April, the Horizon sank, leaving the well gushing at the seabed and causing the largest marine oil spill in history.
Jed Horne is a Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist who was for many years city editor of The Times-Picayune, the New Orleans daily newspaper.
Richard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School.
The Deepwater Horizon oil spill was an industrial disaster that began on 20 April 2010 off of the coast of the United States in the Gulf of Mexico on the BP-operated Macondo Prospect, considered to be the largest marine oil spill in the history of the petroleum industry and estimated to be 8 to 31 percent larger in volume than the previous largest, the Ixtoc I oil spill, also in the Gulf of Mexico. The United States federal government estimated the total discharge at 4,900 Mbbl. After several failed efforts to contain the flow, the well was declared sealed on 19 September 2010. Reports in early 2012 indicated that the well site was still leaking. The Deepwater Horizon oil spill is regarded as one of the largest environmental disasters in world history.
The Deepwater Horizon drilling rig explosion was an April 20, 2010 explosion and subsequent fire on the Deepwater Horizon semi-submersible mobile offshore drilling unit, which was owned and operated by Transocean and drilling for BP in the Macondo Prospect oil field about 40 miles (64 km) southeast off the Louisiana coast. The explosion and subsequent fire resulted in the sinking of the Deepwater Horizon and the deaths of 11 workers; 17 others were injured. The same blowout that caused the explosion also caused an oil well fire and a massive offshore oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, considered the largest accidental marine oil spill in the world, and the largest environmental disaster in United States history.
The National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling is a bipartisan presidential commission, established by Executive Order 13543 signed by Barack Obama on May 21, 2010, that is "tasked with providing recommendations on how the United States can prevent and mitigate the impact of any future spills that result from offshore drilling." It came about as a result of the April 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill. The first public hearings, held on July 12 and 13, 2010 in New Orleans, included scheduled testimony from Federal government officials and representatives of BP on the status of the spill and clean-up efforts, as well as from local officials, community leaders, and scientists on the economic, cultural and ecological impacts of the oil spill on Gulf Coast communities and ecosystems.
The following is a timeline of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. It was a massive oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, the largest offshore spill in U.S. history. It was a result of the well blowout that began with the Deepwater Horizon drilling rig explosion on April 20, 2010.
This article covers the effect of the Deepwater Horizon disaster and the resulting oil spill on global and national economies and the energy industry.
On May 30, 2010 a 6-month moratorium on all deepwater offshore drilling on the Outer Continental Shelf was declared by U.S. Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar. The limitation was in response to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill which occurred in the Gulf of Mexico.
Following is a Timeline of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill for May 2010.
Reactions to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill from various officials and interested parties ranged from blame and outrage at the damage caused by the spill, to calls for greater accountability on the part of the U.S. government and BP, including new legislation dealing with preventative security and clean-up improvements.
Donald F. Boesch is a professor of marine science and, from 1990 to 2017, president of the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. From 2006-2017, he concurrently served as Vice Chancellor for Environmental Sustainability for the University System of Maryland. In 2010, he was appointed by President Barack Obama as a member of the National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling to investigate the root causes of the blowout at the Macondo Prospect in the Gulf of Mexico.
Oil spill governance in the United States is governed by federal law.
Jody Freeman is the Archibald Cox Professor at Harvard Law School and a leading expert on administrative law and environmental law. She served as Counselor for Energy and Climate Change in the Obama White House in 2009–2010. She is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a Fellow of the American College of Environmental Lawyers, and a member of the Council on Foreign Relations. Freeman served as Counselor for Energy and Climate Change in the Obama White House in 2009–2010.
Arctic Challenger is a barge which has been converted by Superior Energy Services for use in the Arctic drilling operations of Shell Oil Company. This barge is designed to function as a "novel engineering solution" which they refer to as an Arctic Containment System to respond should a blowout event occur at drilling sites in the Beaufort or Chukchi Seas. According to testimony provided to Senator Mark Begich on 11 October 2012, Coast Guard Rear Admiral Thomas Ostebo said the certification for the Shell spill barge Arctic Challenger to operate in Alaska was given on the 10th of October at the Bellingham, Washington shipyard where it was constructed. Ostebo is commander of the Coast Guard's 17th district, which covers Alaska.
The Deepwater Horizon investigation included several investigations and commissions, among others reports by National Incident Commander Thad Allen, United States Coast Guard, National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement, National Academy of Engineering, National Research Council, Government Accountability Office, National Oil Spill Commission, and Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board.
The GuLF Study, or Gulf Long-term Follow-up Study, is a five-year research project examining the human-health consequences of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in April 2010. The spill followed an explosion on a drilling rig leased by BP, the British oil company, and led to the release of over four million barrels of oil into the Gulf of Mexico, 48 miles off the coast of Louisiana in the United States.
The Oversight Board is a body that makes consequential precedent-setting content moderation decisions on the social media platforms Facebook and Instagram, in a form of "platform self-governance".