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Nitrogenases are enzymes (EC 1.18.6.1EC 1.19.6.1) that are produced by certain bacteria, such as cyanobacteria (blue-green bacteria). These enzymes are responsible for the reduction of nitrogen (N2) to ammonia (NH3). Nitrogenases are the only family of enzymes known to catalyze this reaction, which is a key step in the process of nitrogen fixation. Nitrogen fixation is required for all forms of life, with nitrogen being essential for the biosynthesis of molecules (nucleotides, amino acids) that create plants, animals and other organisms. They are encoded by the Nif genes or homologs. They are related to protochlorophyllide reductase.
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References
- ↑ Hoffman BM (2003). "ENDOR of Metalloenzymes". Accounts of Chemical Research. 36 (7): 522–529. doi:10.1021/ar0202565. PMID 12859213.
- ↑ Hoffman BM, Lukoyanov D, Dean DR, Seefeldt LC (2013). "Nitrogenase: A Draft Mechanism". Accounts of Chemical Research. 46 (2): 587–595. doi:10.1021/ar300267m. PMC 3578145 . PMID 23289741.
- ↑ "ESR Spectroscopy Group".