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The Negro leagues were United States professional baseball leagues comprising teams of African Americans. The term may be used broadly to include professional black teams outside the leagues and it may be used narrowly for the seven relatively successful leagues beginning in 1920 that are sometimes termed "Negro Major Leagues".
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The Mutual Association of Eastern Colored Clubs, more commonly known as the Eastern Colored League (ECL), was one of the several Negro leagues, which operated during the time organized baseball was segregated.
Ridgewood Park, also known as Wallace's Ridgewood Park or the Wallace Grounds, and frequently confused with Grauer's Ridgewood Park, was a baseball ground in Ridgewood, Queens, New York. Both Wallace's and Grauer's are shown in Belcher Hyde's Map of Newtown in 1915. The baseball field was part of a larger entertainment area bounded Wyckoff Avenue, Covert Street, Halsey Street, and Irving Avenue. The baseball field was southwest of the Long Island Rail Road's Montauk Branch tracks. Eldert Street, although depicted on the map as running through the baseball grounds, was not cut through southwest of the railroad tracks and the road remains interrupted there today. Originally the park was in Queens County, before its incorporation into New York City in 1899. This facilitated Sunday baseball playing, including the charging of admission, beyond the reach of Sabbath enforcers from the then-city of Brooklyn.
The Brooklyn Royal Giants were a professional Negro league baseball team based in Brooklyn, New York. Formed in 1905 by John Wilson Connor (1875–1926), owner of the Brooklyn Royal Cafe, the team initially played against white semi-pro teams. They were one of the prominent independent teams prior to World War I before organized league play began.
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Dexter Park was a public park located in the neighborhood of Woodhaven, Queens, New York City, just north of Eldert Lane and Jamaica Avenue, not far from the borough line with Brooklyn. It had a long early history starting in the 19th century as a recreational park, which replaced a racetrack.
Samuel Ralph "Subway Sam" Nahem was an American pitcher for the Brooklyn Dodgers (1938), St. Louis Cardinals (1941), and Philadelphia Phillies. His professional baseball playing was interrupted by military service (1942–1946) with the United States Army in the European Theater of Operations during World War II.
The Brooklyn Bushwicks were an independent, semi-professional baseball team that played its games almost totally in Dexter Park in Queens from 1913 to 1951. They were unique at their time for fielding multi-ethnic rosters. They played what amounts to exhibition games against barnstorming Negro league teams, minor league baseball teams, and other semi-pro teams. The Bushwicks were owned by Max Rosner, who hired many former major league players to play on his club, including Dazzy Vance and others. Many of the famous players of the time came to play exhibitions at Dexter Park including Jackie Robinson, Dizzy Dean, Hank Greenberg, Joe DiMaggio, Satchel Paige, Whitey Ford, Babe Ruth, Lou Gehrig, and Joe Medwick. Until he became friends with Rosner, Ruth demanded upfront payments in cash before agreeing to personal appearances. The DiMaggio picture was taken during his debut year with Yankees.
Conduit Avenue is an arterial road in New York City, the vast majority of which is in Queens. The divided highway runs from Atlantic Avenue in Cypress Hills, Brooklyn to Hook Creek Boulevard in Rosedale, Queens at the Nassau County border. The thoroughfare is named after an aqueduct in its right-of-way.
Nathaniel Calvin Strong was an American sports executive who was an officer and owner in Negro league baseball.
James "Soldier Boy" Semler was an American sports executive who co-owned the New York Black Yankees of the Negro National League. For much of the club's history, he owned the team along with Bill Robinson.
Bradford Bennett, was an American Negro league outfielder, first baseman and second baseman active in the 1940s.
James Chester Arthur Hefner Jr. was an American professional baseball center fielder in the Negro leagues. He played with the New York Black Yankees in 1948, and the Philadelphia Stars in 1949.
Alexander Rudolph Broome was an American baseball pitcher in the Negro leagues. He played with the Cleveland Bears in 1940 and when they became the Jacksonville Red Caps in 1941 and 1942. He earned the nickname "Satchel" due to his pitch speed, a nod to Satchel Paige.
William Allen "Frank" Hudson was an American Negro league outfielder, first baseman and pitcher who played between 1937 and 1942.
References
- 1 2 "BrooklynBallParks.com - the Semipros". www.covehurst.net. Retrieved 2021-03-23.
- ↑ "Negro Leagues Baseball eMuseum: Personal Profiles: Nat Strong". nlbemuseum.com. Retrieved 2021-03-23.
- ↑ Cieradkowski, Gary (2015). The league of outsider baseball: an illustrated history of baseball's forgotten heroes (First ed.). New York: Touchstone. ISBN 978-1-4767-7523-4. OCLC 883148236.
- ↑ Timer, The Old. "The greats once took this long-lost Queens baseball diamond: Our Neighborhood, The Way it Was". QNS.com. Retrieved 2021-03-23.
- ↑ "STAN FISCHLER COLUMN: History of the Bushwick Baseball Club worth a read". Daily Freeman. 3 May 2014. Retrieved 2021-03-23.
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