The Swiss Civil Service Association, best known under its abbreviation CIVIVA, is a Swiss organization that advocates for the preservation and expansion of Swiss Civilian Service. [1]
The association was founded in 2010 in Bern by organizations supportive of civilian service and peace policy as a national umbrella organization for civil service. In 2013 other organizations joned CIVIVA: the advisory service zivildienst.ch and the Community of Swiss Civil Servants (German: Gemeinschaft Schweizer Zivildienstleistender, GSZ). CIVIVA is independent of authorities and is financed through membership fees and donations. Its members include individuals as well as civil service deployment organizations and institutions. The association itself is a member of the European Bureau for Conscientious Objection. [2]
CIVIVA maintains a professional office. The association is led by a volunteer board, co-presided by Priska Seiler Graf (National Councilor SP/ZH) and Fabien Fivaz (National Councilor Green/NE) since 2022. [3]
Heiner Studer (former member of the Swiss National Council, EVP from Aargau) held the presidency of the association from its founding in 2010 until 2018. [4] [5]
The Swiss Civilian Service Association aims to advocate for the concerns of civilian service providers and civilian service deployment organizations in politics and public perception. The association pursues the following goals: [6]
The following activities are the focus of the associations's work:
The association had announced a referendum for 2020 on the planned revision of the Civil Service Actm which aimed to restrict access to civil service. [8] [9] The referendum became obsolete as the newly elected National Council rejected the legislative revision to the final vote. [10]
A conscientious objector is an "individual who has claimed the right to refuse to perform military service" on the grounds of freedom of conscience or religion. The term has also been extended to objecting to working for the military–industrial complex due to a crisis of conscience. In some countries, conscientious objectors are assigned to an alternative civilian service as a substitute for conscription or military service.
The Swiss Civilian Service is a Swiss institution, created in 1996 as a civilian substitute service to military service. It was introduced as part of the so-called Vision 95 reform package. Anyone who is unable to do military service for reasons of conscience can submit an application to perform civilian service instead. Formerly, the applicant was then forced to attend a hearing where they had to explain their reasons for refusal. Now, they must simply take part in a one-day introductory session to civilian service within three months of submitting their application.
Between 1956 and 2011, Germany conscripted men subject to mandatory military service. After a proposal on 22 November 2010 by Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg, the German Minister of Defence at the time, Germany put conscription into abeyance on 1 July 2011. While the German constitution retains the legal instruments for reintroducing conscription in Germany, currently only men over 18 years of age can be conscripted whilst women cannot under any circumstance be required to "serve with a weapon".
Zivildienst is the German denomination for the alternative civilian service for conscripted persons who are conscientious objectors to fulfill their national service, typically in the fields of social work and, although rarely, environmental protection, agriculture, and public administration. As such, it is exempt from the general ban of forced labor by the European Convention on Human Rights.
Alternative civilian service, also called alternative services, civilian service, non-military service, and substitute service, is a form of national service performed in lieu of military conscription for various reasons, such as conscientious objection, inadequate health, or political reasons. Alternative service usually involves some kind of labor.
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The Zivildienst is the most common mandatory alternative service for conscientious objectors of the national military service in the Austrian Armed Forces. Officially called Zivildienstleistender (ZDL) or Zivildiener it is common to call them Zivi. Since 1975, drafted men may refuse the military service on conscientious reasons and serve in the compulsory alternative community service instead. This generally involves work in social services like hospitals, youth organisations, nursing homes, rescue services, emergency medical services, and care of the disabled. The service usually lasts nine months. About more than 40% of the drafted male citizens in Austria choose this option by declaring a conflict of conscience. There is no conscription for women, therefore women are not obliged to serve as a Zivi, which is just a substitute for the still existing mandatory military service.
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