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Somalia, officially the Federal Republic of Somalia, is a country in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the Northwest, the Gulf of Aden to the north, the Indian Ocean to the east, and Kenya to the southwest. Somalia has the longest coastline on Africa's mainland. Its terrain consists mainly of plateaus, plains, and highlands. Hot conditions prevail year-round, with periodic monsoon winds and irregular rainfall.
Communications in Somalia encompasses the communications services and capacity of Somalia. Telecommunications, internet, radio, print, television and postal services in the nation are largely concentrated in the private sector. Several of the telecom firms have begun expanding their activities abroad. The federal government operates two official radio and television networks, which exist alongside a number of private and foreign stations. Print media in the country is also progressively giving way to news radio stations and online portals, as internet connectivity and access increases. In 2012, a National Communications Act was also approved by Cabinet members, and 2 October 2017, the president of Somalia Finally signed the National Communications Law, and became the official Law that regulated the ICT industry. Under that Law, National Communications Authority (NCA) of the federal Republic of Somalia has been established, with board of directors and a general manager. Somalia currently is ranked first in Africa for most affordable mobile data per gigabyte and 7th in the world.
Puntland, officially the Puntland State of Somalia, is a Federal Member State in northeastern Somalia. Centred in the town of Garoowe in the Nugal province, its leaders declared the territory an autonomous state within Somalia in 1998.
The Islamic Courts Union was a legal and political organisation which was formed to address lawlessness in Somalia following the fall of the Siad Barre regime in the 1991 during the Somali Civil War. In an interview featured in the BBC Online Somali section in June 2006, Sharif Sheikh Ahmed said: "the Union of Islamic Courts was established to ensure that Somali people suffering for 15 years would gain peace and full justice and freedom from the anarchic rule of warlords who refuted their people to no direction."
Even before the beginning of the War in Somalia (2006-2009) there were significant assertions and accusations of the use of disinformation and propaganda tactics, classed as forms of information warfare, by various parties to shape the causes and course of the conflict. These include assertions of falsification of the presence or number of forces involved, exaggeration or minimisation of the casualties inflicted or taken, influence or control of media outlets, and other informational means and media to sway popular support and international opinion.
Shabelle Media Network (SMN) is a radio and television news organization based in Mogadishu, Somalia.
Mass media in Somalia includes various radio, television, print and internet outlets. The federal government operates two official radio and TV networks, which exist alongside a number of private and foreign stations. Print media in the country is progressively giving way to news radio stations and online portals, as internet connectivity and access increases. In February 2013, the Ministry of Information, Posts and Telecommunication also launched a broad-based consultative process for the reformation of media legislation.
The BBC Somali Service is a BBC World Service radio station transmitted in the Somali language and based in Broadcasting House in West London and in Nairobi, where most of the radio and digital operations are based. Most of the listeners live in the Horn of Africa and nearby regions. According to the station, it provides a key link between those in Somalia and those elsewhere.
Sheikh Nur Mohamed Abkey was a Somalian journalist killed in the line of duty. Abkey worked for Radio Mogadishu-Voice of Somali Republic in Somalia's capital city. He had a long career as a journalist and worked under difficult conditions during the last two decades of his career.
Bashir Nur Gedi was the radio manager and acting director of Radio Shabelle, an independent radio station that regularly ran watchdog reports on government corruption in Mogadishu, Somalia. Gedi was murdered in 2007, though the precise circumstances of his death remains unclear. He was one of several prominent members of the station's leadership killed, including fellow acting media directors, Muktar Mohamed Hirabe and Hassan Osman Abdi. In 2007, he was the eighth journalist killed that year in Somalia.
HornAfrik was a media organization based in Mogadishu, Somalia. Prior to its closure in 2010, it was the first independent radio network to have its headquarters in the city. HornAfrik operated Radio HornAfrik, as well as one other radio station, a television station, a website and a training research center.
Ahmed Abdisalam Adan, also known as Ahmed Mohamed Aden, is a Somali radio journalist, media founder and politician. He is a co-founder of HornAfrik Media Inc based in Mogadishu. In the 2000s, he also served as a Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Public Security in the former Transitional Federal Government.
Ali Iman Sharmarke was a Somali-Canadian journalist, civil servant and philanthropist. He was a co-founder of HornAfrik Media Inc, the first independent radio network to have its headquarters in Mogadishu, Somalia. In 2007, he was killed by a roadside bomb. Sharmarke was posthumously awarded the CJFE's International Press Freedom Award and Tara Singh Hayer Award for his journalistic work. His family also established the Sharmarke Peace Foundation in his memory.
Horn Cable TV (HCTV) is a Somali news-based private television channel.
Radio HornAfrik was a radio station based in Mogadishu, Somalia. It was part of the HornAfrik Media Inc network, which also operated another radio station, a television station, a website and a training research center.
HornAfrik Media Inc, a defunct news organization based in Mogadishu, was subjected to various attacks by militants during the Islamist insurgency (2006-2009) in southern Somalia. Prior to the company's closure in 2010, these incidents included:
HornAfrik TV was a television network based in Mogadishu, Somalia. It was part of the HornAfrik Media Inc network, which also operated Radio HornAfrik, another radio station, a website and a training research center. According to MENASSAT, the Arab world media resource, HornAfrik TV during its existence operated six channels in Somali and Arabic, the two official languages of Somalia.
Somaliland is a democratic nation in the Horn of Africa, Somaliland has endorsed the freedom of expression and free press since it declared its independence from Somalia. According to Somaliland's constitution and Somaliland media laws, defamation and libel are not criminal offenses; aggrieved parties may seek redress in civil courts.
Despite the “vibrant media culture” in Somalia – which hosts more than 90 media outlets and scores of websites and blogs – numerous violations aimed at journalists and political leaders are documented, including killings, attacks, arbitrary arrests and detention, intimidation, harassment, closure of media outlets, confiscation of equipment and blocking of websites
References
- ↑ "Remembering those killed in 2007". MENASSAT. Retrieved 19 December 2013.
- ↑ "Somalia's Radio HornAfrik celebrates ninth anniversary". Mareeg. Archived from the original on 19 December 2013. Retrieved 18 December 2013.
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