Pope Lucius III created fifteen new cardinals. [1]
In older literature [20] are mentioned also the following other cardinals ostensibly created by Lucius III, who, according to modern research should be eliminated from that list because there is no documentary proof of their promotion or they are confused with another cardinals: [21]
Name | Alleged cardinalate | Notes |
---|---|---|
Uberto Allucingoli, nephew of the pope | Cardinal-priest of S. Lorenzo in Damaso in 1182–ca.1185 | He is confused with Uberto Crivelli, future pope Urban III, who occupied the title of S. Lorenzo in Damaso between 1182 and 1185 [22] |
Raniero il Piccolo | Cardinal-priest in 1182, he was present at absolution of king William of Scotland [23] | He is the same as Raniero da Pavia, created cardinal-deacon of S. Giorgio by Alexander III and promoted to cardinal-priest of SS. Giovanni e Paolo by Lucius III [24] |
Simeone Paltinieri | Cardinal-priest from 1182 or 1185 until 1200 | No such cardinal is attested in the contemporary sources. [25] The cardinal with this name was actually created by Urban IV in 1261 and died in 1277 [26] |
Giovanni | Cardinal-priest of S. Marco created in 1185, died under Urban III or Clement III | He is the same as cardinal Giovanni da Anagni, created by Adrian IV in 1158/59, who occupied the title of S. Marco from ca.1165 until 1190 [27] |
Uberto Allucingoli was an Italian cardinal and cardinal-nephew of Pope Lucius III, his uncle who ostensibly elevated him with the title of San Lorenzo in Damaso in 1182.
Albinus was an Italian Cardinal of the late twelfth century. A native of Milan, or perhaps of Gaeta, he became an Augustinian regular canon.
Adelardo Cattaneo was an Italian cardinal and bishop. His first name is also listed as Alardo.
The 1185 papal election was a convoked after the death of Pope Lucius III. It resulted in the election of Cardinal Uberto Crivelli of Milan, who took the name of Urban III.
In the category of the members of the College of Cardinals in the central Middle Ages, an external cardinal a Cardinal of the Holy Roman Church who did not reside in the Roman Curia, because of simultaneously being a bishop of the episcopal see other than suburbicarian, or abbot of an abbey situated outside Rome. In the wider sense, it may also concern cardinals who were appointed to the external episcopal sees and resigned their memberships in the College of Cardinals with this appointment. As well, it can concern cardinals who were generally curial cardinals, but for some time exercised the posts of administrators or prelates of the external churches.
The 1181 papal election followed the death of Pope Alexander III and resulted in the election of Pope Lucius III. This was the first papal election celebrated in accordance with the decree Licet de evitanda discordia, promulgated in the Third Lateran Council in 1179, which established that the pope is elected by a majority of two thirds votes.
Pope Eugene III (1145–1153) created sixteen cardinals in nine consistories:
Pope Lucius II (1144–1145) created eleven cardinals in two consistories.
Pope Celestine II (1143–1144) created nine cardinals in one consistory:
The 1191 papal election took place after the death of Pope Clement III. Pope Clement, according to differing and irreconcilable reports, died in March 1191, in the last third of the month, on the 20th, the 25th, the 26th, the 28th, or perhaps 2 April or 4 April, or 10 April. The election was conducted during the march of King Henry VI and his army toward Rome. The 85-year-old Cardinal Giacinto Bobone, a member of the Orsini family, was chosen after some extreme reluctance. He took the name Celestine III. Pressed by the Romans, however, he agreed to negotiate with King Henry about his coronation as emperor and about the possession of the city of Tusculum. Celestine postponed his own consecration in order to buy time to negotiate. He was finally crowned on Easter Sunday, 14 April 1191.
Pietro Diani was an Italian cardinal. The name "Diana" is incorrect; he signs himself Petrus Dianus.
Radulfus Nigellus was a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was a native of Pisa, or perhaps of France.
Rolandus was a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was a native of Pisa, not Siena or Brittany. He was elected archbishop of Dol, but was not consecrated for five years, due to the opposition his metropolitan, the archbishop of Tours. Before he became a cardinal, he was sent by Pope Lucius III as his representative to Scotland to attempt to resolve a dispute over episcopal elections, involving the king.
Bobo was a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was a native of Rome, and a member of the Bobone family, later called the Orsini.
Melior, O.S.B. Vall. was a Benedictine monk, and a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was a native of Pisa. He served as papal legate in France for more than three years, trying to arrange a peace between Richard I and Philip II. He became a major negotiator, on the mandate of Pope Celestine III, in the divorce case between King Philip II of France and Queen Ingeborg of Denmark.
Theodinus, O.S.B. was a Benedictine monk, and a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was a native of Arrone, a hilltop town 15 km east of Terni. He became a cardinal priest, and then cardinal bishop of Porto. He served as a papal diplomat, in Normandy, in the Balkans, and in Venice. He participated in the papal elections of 1181 and 1185.
Pietro de Bono was a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was a native of Verona in Lombardy, signing his name at least once as D. Petri de Verona. He was not from Pisa, nor was he from Bologna. He belonged to the Canons Regular of S. Maria di Reno in Bologna.