The terms Old Catholic Church, Old Catholics, Old-Catholic churches, or Old Catholic movement, designate "any of the groups of Western Christians who believe themselves to maintain in complete loyalty the doctrine and traditions of the undivided church but who separated from the see of Rome after the First Vatican council of 1869–70". The expression Old Catholic has been used from the 1850s by communions separated from the Roman Catholic Church over certain doctrines, primarily concerned with papal authority and infallibility. Some of these groups, especially in the Netherlands, had already existed long before the term. The Old Catholic Church is separate and distinct from Traditionalist Catholicism.
A new religious movement (NRM), also known as alternative spirituality or a new religion, is a religious or spiritual group that has modern origins and is peripheral to its society's dominant religious culture. NRMs can be novel in origin or they can be part of a wider religion, in which case they are distinct from pre-existing denominations. Some NRMs deal with the challenges that the modernizing world poses to them by embracing individualism, while other NRMs deal with them by embracing tightly knit collective means. Scholars have estimated that NRMs number in the tens of thousands worldwide. Most NRMs only have a few members, some of them have thousands of members, and a few of them have more than a million members.
Samuel Alphonsius Stritch was an American Cardinal prelate of the Catholic Church. He served as archbishop of the Archdiocese of Chicago from 1940 to 1958 and as pro-prefect of the Sacred Congregation for Propagation of the Faith from March 1958 until his death two months later. He was elevated to the cardinalate by Pope Pius XII in 1946.
John Gordon Melton is an American religious scholar who was the founding director of the Institute for the Study of American Religion and is currently the Distinguished Professor of American Religious History with the Institute for Studies of Religion at Baylor University in Waco, Texas where he resides. He is also an ordained minister in the United Methodist Church.
The Diocese of Youngstown is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory, or diocese, of the Catholic Church in northeastern Ohio in the United States. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Cincinnati.
Ronald M. Enroth was an American professor of sociology at Westmont College in Santa Barbara, California, and an evangelical Christian author of books concerning what he defined as "cults" and "new religious movements" and important figure in the Christian countercult movement.
The Sacred Name Movement (SNM) is a movement within Adventism concerned with emphasizing the use of the Hebrew name of God. Influenced by Clarence Orvil Dodd, the movement considers the use of God's name as important as the Jewish festivals. SNM believers also generally observe many of the Old Testament laws and ceremonies such as the Seventh-day Sabbath, Torah festivals, and kashrut food laws.
Christianity has played an important role in Cuba's history. Cuba was discovered by Christopher Columbus a few days after he arrived to the New World in 1492. In 1511, colonization began when the Conquistador Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar established the Catholic Church in Cuba with the early priest Fray Bartolomé de las Casas known commonly as "the Protector of the Indians". Along with Catholicism, Protestantism came during the same time.
The Orthodox Anglican Communion (OAC) is a communion of churches established in 1964 or 1967, by James Parker Dees. The Orthodox Anglican Communion was formed outside of the See of Canterbury; the OAC is not part of the Anglican Communion. The Orthodox Anglican Communion adheres to the doctrine, discipline and worship contained in the 1662 Book of Common Prayer and the 1562 Articles of Religion.
Hugh George de Willmott Newman was an Independent Catholic or independent Old Catholic bishop. He was known religiously as Mar Georgius I and bore the titles, among others, of Patriarch of Glastonbury, Catholicos of the West, and sixth British Patriarch. He was the head of the Catholicate of the West from when he became a bishop, in 1944, until his death in 1979.
The Christ Catholic Church of the Americas and Europe was an Old Catholic denomination. The denomination was founded in 1937 when several churches merged.
Joseph Raffaele was the founder of the American Orthodox Catholic Church - Western Rite Mission, Diocese of New York.
The Canonical Old Roman Catholic Church is a small Christian denomination founded in the 1960s.
Karl Hugo Prüter, commonly referred to as Karl Pruter, was an Old Catholic bishop in the United States. He founded the Christ Catholic Church.
The Temple of Priapus, also known as the St. Priapus Church, is a North American pagan religion founded in 1979 that centers on the worship of the phallus.
Rodolphe Francois Ghislain de Lorraine de Landas Berghes St. Winock, better known as Rudolph de Landas Berghes, was Regionary Bishop of Scotland of the Old Roman Catholic Western Orthodox Church and later Archbishop of the Old Roman Catholic Church of America.
The Mexican Catholic Apostolic Church is an Independent Catholic denomination founded in 1925, by separating from the Catholic Church. It was created to bolster revolution with the support of the Regional Confederation of Mexican Workers (CROM) and Mexican President Plutarco Elías Calles' approval. Its development was marked by several internal crises, followed by consequent splits and mergers. Since 1993, it has been officially listed in the Mexican Federal Registry of Religious Associations.
The Ancient British Church in North America is a denomination founded by Jonathan Vartan Zotique and based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Although it identifies with Catholic and Eastern Orthodox traditions, it is in communion with neither the Roman Catholic Church nor the Eastern Orthodox Church.
Geoffrey Peter Thomas Paget King (1917–1991) was Archbishop of the Old Roman Catholic Church in Great Britain. He was raised an Anglican but joined the church in 1943. He was ordained a deacon and priest in May 1947 by Archbishop Bernard Mary Williams. On 5 June 1960 he was consecrated by Archbishop Gerard Shelley assisted by Bishop Willibrord. He continued in this role and issued new Constitutions in February 1962. Archbishops Shelley and Marchenna did not ascent to the Constitutions. This, combined with Shelley's being resident in Rome caused a breach between the two. Archbishop King continued and became Archbishop of the Church. On Easter, 1965 Archbishop King combined his jurisdiction with that of Archbishop Wilfrid Barrington-Evans and King remained as Archbishop. He continued in this role until his death in 1991.
Our Lady of Mt. Carmel is a Roman Catholic church in Bayonne, New Jersey. The name is a dedication to the Blessed Virgin Mary in her role as patroness of the Carmelite Order, hence the name Our Lady of Mount Carmel. Founded by Polish immigrants in 1898, it grew to become one of the largest Polish congregation in the United States. Part of the Archdiocese of Newark, the parish merged with two others to become the Parish of St. John Paul II in 2016.
