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The Regional Bell Operating Companies (RBOC) are the result of United States v. AT&T, the U.S. Department of Justice antitrust suit against the former American Telephone & Telegraph Company. On January 8, 1982, AT&T Corp. settled the suit and agreed to divest its local exchange service operating companies. Effective January 1, 1984, AT&T Corp.'s local operations were split into seven independent Regional Bell Operating Companies known as the Baby Bells.
The North American Numbering Plan (NANP) is a telephone numbering plan for twenty-five regions in twenty countries, primarily in North America and the Caribbean. This group is historically known as World Zone 1 and has the international calling code 1. Some North American countries, most notably Mexico, do not participate in the NANP.
The breakup of the Bell System was mandated on January 8, 1982, by an agreed consent decree providing that AT&T Corporation would, as had been initially proposed by AT&T, relinquish control of the Bell Operating Companies that had provided local telephone service in the United States and Canada up until that point. This effectively took the monopoly that was the Bell System and split it into entirely separate companies that would continue to provide telephone service. AT&T would continue to be a provider of long-distance service, while the now-independent Regional Bell Operating Companies (RBOCs), nicknamed the 'Baby Bells', would provide local service, and would no longer be directly supplied with equipment from AT&T subsidiary Western Electric.
Qwest Corporation is a former Regional Bell Operating Company owned by Lumen Technologies. It was formerly named U S WEST Communications, Inc. from 1991 to 2000, and also formerly named Mountain States Telephone and Telegraph Company from 1911 to 1991. It includes the former operations of Malheur Bell, Northwestern Bell and Pacific Northwest Bell as well.
Centel Corporation was an American telecommunications company, with primary interests in providing basic telephone service, cellular phone service and cable television service.
AT&T Inc. is an American multinational telecommunications holding company that is Delaware-registered but headquartered at Whitacre Tower in Downtown Dallas, Texas. It is the world's largest telecommunications company and the largest provider of mobile telephone services in the U.S. As of 2020, AT&T was ranked 9th on the Fortune 500 rankings of the largest United States corporations, with revenues of $181 billion.
Lumen Technologies, Inc. is an American telecommunications company headquartered in Monroe, Louisiana, that offers communications, network services, security, cloud solutions, voice, and managed services. The company is a member of the S&P 500 index and the Fortune 500. Its communications services include local and long-distance voice, broadband, Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS), private line, Ethernet, hosting, data integration, video, network, public access, Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), information technology, and other ancillary services. Lumen also serves global enterprise customers across North America, Latin America, EMEA, and Asia Pacific.
CenturyTel of Missouri, LLC is a telephone operating company owned by Lumen Technologies that provides local telephone service in Missouri. The cities served by the company include Branson and Columbia.
Embarq Missouri, Inc. is a telephone operating company providing local telephone services in Kansas and Missouri owned by CenturyLink.
United Telephone Company of Eastern Kansas is one of several CenturyLink companies providing local telephone service in Kansas. Kansas towns that United Telephone of Eastern Kansas serves include Sterling, Lebo, Gardner, and Nortonville.
Central Telephone Company of Virginia is a telephone company owned by CenturyLink that provides a local telephone service within the commonwealth of Virginia, USA.
United Telephone Company of Kansas is one of several Lumen Technologies subsidiaries providing local telephone service in Kansas. Kansas towns that United Telephone of Kansas serves include Junction City, Burlington, Hillsboro, and Garnett.
CenturyTel of the Midwest-Kendall, LLC is one of the CenturyLink operating companies in Wisconsin. The company's cities include Peshtigo, Kendall, and Marinette.
Telephone USA of Wisconsin, LLC is one of the CenturyLink operating companies in Wisconsin. The company's cities include Suring and Gillett.
Spectra Communications Group, LLC is a U.S. telephone operating company owned by CenturyLink that provides local telephone service in Missouri.
CenturyTel of San Marcos, Inc. is a telephone operating company providing local telephone services in Texas owned by CenturyLink.
Central Telephone Company is a telephone operating company owned by Lumen Technologies that provides local telephone service in Florida, Nevada, and North Carolina. Its largest market is Las Vegas
Central Telephone Company of Texas is a telephone operating company owned by Lumen Technologies that provides local telephone service in Texas. The company serves communities in Texas such as Killeen, Copperas Cove, and Cranfills Gap.
References
- ↑ Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts
- ↑ Brodkin, Jon (2021-08-04). "CenturyLink selling copper network in 20 states instead of installing fiber". Ars Technica. Retrieved 2021-09-25.
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