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Charter schools in the United States are primary or secondary education institutions that are funded through taxation and operated by private organizations, rather than local school districts. They do not charge tuition, as they are funded with public tax dollars. Charter schools are subject to fewer rules than traditional state schools. Proponents argue that they are meant to serve underserved communities that wish to have alternatives to their neighborhood school. There are both non-profit and for-profit charter schools, and only non-profit charters can receive donations from private sources. However, there are several ways that non-profit charters can profit.
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is a piece of American legislation that ensures students with a disability are provided with a Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) that is tailored to their individual needs. IDEA was previously known as the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EHA) from 1975 to 1990. In 1990, the United States Congress reauthorized EHA and changed the title to IDEA. Overall, the goal of IDEA is to provide children with disabilities the same opportunity for education as those students who do not have a disability.
Wakefield High School is a Wake County public high school located in Raleigh, North Carolina. The school is adjacent to Wakefield Elementary and Wakefield Middle schools.
William G. Enloe High School, also known as Enloe Magnet High School or Enloe High School, is a public magnet high school offering Gifted & Talented and International Baccalaureate programs located in eastern Raleigh, North Carolina, United States. It is operated under the Wake County Public School System. The first integrated public high school in the city of Raleigh, it was named after William Gilmore Enloe, the Mayor of Raleigh at the time the school was opened.
The Wake County Public School System (WCPSS) is a public school district located in Wake County, North Carolina. With 157,673 students in average daily membership and 194 schools as of the 2021–2022 school year, it is the largest public school district in North Carolina and fourteenth largest in the United States as of 2016.
Special education in the United States enables students with exceptional learning needs to access resources through special education programs. These programs did not always exist. "The idea of excluding students with any disability from public school education can be traced back to 1893, when the Massachusetts Supreme Court expelled a student merely due to poor academic ability". This exclusion would be the basis of education for all individuals with special needs for years to come. In 1954, Brown v. Board of Education sparked the belief that the right to a public education applies to all individuals regardless of race, gender, or disability. Finally, special education programs in the United States were made mandatory in 1975 when the United States Congress passed the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) "(sometimes referred to using the acronyms EAHCA or EHA, or Public Law 94-142) was enacted by the United States Congress in 1975, in response to discriminatory treatment by public educational agencies against students with disabilities." The EAHCA was later modified to strengthen protections to students with disabilities and renamed the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). IDEA requires states to provide special education and related services consistent with federal standards as a condition of receiving federal funds.
The Colorado Student Assessment Program (CSAP) was an assessment required by the No Child Left Behind Act administered by the Unit of Student Assessment in the Colorado Department of Education (CDE). The CSAP was designed to measure how well students are learning material from the Colorado Model Content Standards, the established content standards that all Colorado public school students should learn. The CSAP only tested four of the thirteen subject areas in the Colorado Model Content Standards.
The Chester Upland School District (CUSD) is a midsized, urban public school district serving the City of Chester, the Borough of Upland and Chester Township in Delaware County, Pennsylvania. The Chester-Upland School District administrative offices, which are no longer headquartered on the first floor of Chester High School, but have moved to a new location at 1350 Edgemont Avenue, encompasses approximately 5 square miles (13 km2).
The Cranberry Area School District is a small, rural, public school district which serves the residents of Cranberry Township, Pinegrove Township and Rockland Township in Venango County, Pennsylvania. Cranberry Area School District encompasses approximately 155 square miles (400 km2). According to 2000 federal census data, it serves a resident population of 9,698. In 2009, the per capita income of district residents was $16,307, while the median family income was $39,203 a year. In the Commonwealth, the median family income was $49,501 and the United States median family income was $49,445, in 2010. Per school district officials, in school year 2007-08 the Cranberry Area School District provided basic educational services to 1271 pupils through the employment of 115 teachers, 77 full-time and part-time support personnel, and 7 administrators. In 2006, the 1,308 student population was 98% white, 1% black, 1% Asian, Native American <0.1% and <0.2% Hispanic. The Cranberry Area School District received more than $9 million in state funding, for school year 2007-08.
Mary E. Phillips High School is an alternative education high school in eastern Raleigh, North Carolina, USA. It is located east of St. Augustine's college and less than a mile from William G. Enloe High School. The school is a non-traditional high school 9 through 12 that focuses on students who have not been successful in traditional school programs. These struggles can be with attendance, academic performance, or minor behavioral issues. In the 2016–17 school year, Phillips High School capped at approximately 170 students. It employs approximately 30 teachers with a total staff of 40.
The Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010 is a federal statute signed into law by President Barack Obama on December 13, 2010. The law is part of the reauthorization of funding for child nutrition. It funded child nutrition programs and free lunch programs in schools for 5 years. In addition, the law set new nutrition standards for schools, and allocated $4.5 billion for their implementation. The new nutrition standards were a centerpiece of First Lady Michelle Obama's Let's Move! initiative to combat childhood obesity. In FY 2011, federal spending totaled $10.1 billion for the National School Lunch Program. The Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act allows USDA, for the first time in 30 years, opportunity to make real reforms to the school lunch and breakfast programs by improving the critical nutrition and hunger safety net for millions of children. Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act and Michelle Obama were a step in transforming the food pyramid recommendation, which has been around since the early 1990s, into what is now known as "MyPlate".
The Vail Ski & Snowboard Academy is a public school operated as part of the Eagle County Schools District, in Eagle County, Colorado, United States. It provides students in fifth through twelfth grades with a flexible schedule that allows them to participate in skiing and snowboarding training programs at Vail Ski Resort, making it the first public winter sports academy in the United States.
All professional employees of public schools must hold a license for the subject or grade level they teach or for the professional assignment they hold. Licenses are issued in administrative, supervisory, student service, and teaching areas. Teaching areas encompass birth through kindergarten, elementary (K-6), middle grades (6-9), secondary grades (9-12), special subjects (K-12), exceptional children (K-12), and vocational education. The standard basis for license is the completion of a National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE) approved education program at an accredited college or university.
Charter schools operate with considerably more independence than traditional public schools. However, Massachusetts has two kinds of charter schools - Commonwealth Charters and Horace Mann Charters. Horace Mann charter schools differ from Commonwealth charter schools as they must be located within a school district. Both kinds of charter schools are free to structure their curriculum and school environment; for instance, many charter schools fit more instructional hours into a year by running longer school days and providing instruction on weekends and during the summer. Because few charter schools are unionized, they can hire and fire teachers and administrative staff without regard to the collectively bargained seniority and tenure provisions that constrain such decisions in most public schools. Although charter students made up only 2.9 percent of U.S. public school enrollment in 2008–2009, charter enrollment has grown rapidly and seems likely to accelerate in the near future. The growth of charter schools is an important component of the contemporary education reform movement's pursuit of accountability and flexibility in public education. Proponents see charter schools' freedom from regulation as a source of educational innovation, with the added benefit of providing a source of competition that may prompt innovation and improvement in the rest of the public system. At the same time, charter schools are controversial because, after a transition period in which the state provides subsidies, they receive a tuition payment for each enrolled student paid by students' home districts. In Massachusetts, tuition payments are determined largely by the average per-pupil expenditure in sending districts. Not surprisingly, therefore, public school districts are concerned about the revenue lost when their students enroll in charter schools.
Bergen Arts and Science Charter School is a public charter school based in Garfield, New Jersey, United States. The school is a part of the North Jersey Arts and Science Charter Schools. The network consists of Bergen-ASCS Elementary in Garfield, Bergen-ASCS Middle High in Hackensack, and Passaic-ASCS Elementary and Building #2 in Passaic.
A charter school is a school that receives government funding but operates independently of the established state school system in which it is located. It is independent in the sense that it operates according to the basic principle of autonomy for accountability, that it is freed from the rules but accountable for results.
The Utica City School District is a public school district coterminous with the city of Utica, New York, United States. It is a highly diverse urban district, having 69% racial minority students and 17% students who are English language learners in 2017. It is part of Oneida-Herkimer-Madison BOCES and the Conference of Big 5 School Districts, a conference of the largest urban school districts in New York State.
Infinity Institute is a public middle school / high school located in the Greenville section of Jersey City, in Hudson County, New Jersey, United States, serving students in sixth through twelfth grades as part of the Jersey City Public Schools. The school was established in September 2010 under the Jersey City Board of Education.
School choice in Florida is a suite of state programs that allow families to use public resources to receive education outside of their neighborhood school. Florida's Tax Credit Scholarship (FTC) program is the largest of its kind in the nation and serves more students than all but the state's largest school districts.
The COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed to have reached the U.S. state of North Carolina on March 3, 2020.
References
- 1 2 3 Brokaw, Sommer (January 27, 2011). "Drive to lift charter school cap gains ground". The Charlotte Post. Retrieved February 5, 2011.
- ↑ "Legislation". Archived from the original on 2011-02-21. Retrieved 2011-02-05.
- 1 2 Bonner, Lynn (January 16, 2011). "Charter schools gain strength". The News & Observer. Raleigh, North Carolina: The News & Observer Publishing Company. p. 1A. Retrieved February 5, 2011.
This promises to be the biggest year for charter schools in North Carolina since the law allowing them passed nearly 15 years ago.
- ↑ "NAPCS Releases Annual Ranking of State Charter Laws; Race to the Top Helped some States Improve". NAPCS. January 19, 2011. Retrieved February 5, 2011.[ permanent dead link ]
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