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The Maratha Empire was an early modern Indian empire and later a confederation that controlled large portions of the Indian Subcontinent in the 18th century. Maratha rule formally began in 1674 with the coronation of Shivaji of the Bhonsle dynasty as the Chhatrapati. Although Shivaji came from the Maratha caste, the Maratha empire also included warriors, administrators, and other nobles from the Maratha and several other castes from what is known today as Maharashtra. The Maratha Kingdom was expanded into a full-fledged Empire in the 18th Century under the leadership of Peshwa Bajirao I.
The Maratha caste is composed of 96 clans, originally formed in the earlier centuries from the amalgamation of families from the peasant (Kunbi), shepherd (Dhangar), blacksmith (Lohar), carpenter (Sutar), Bhandari, Thakar and Koli castes in Maharashtra. Many of them took to military service in the 16th century for the Deccan sultanates or the Mughals. Later in the 17th and 18th centuries, they served in the armies of the Maratha Empire, founded by Shivaji, a Maratha Kunbi by caste. Many Marathas were granted hereditary fiefs by the Sultanates, and Mughals for their service.
Pawar is an Indian surname found among the Maratha, Mahar or Koli people in Maharashtra.
Kunbi is a generic term applied to several castes of traditional farmers in Western India. These include the Dhonoje, Ghatole, Masaram, Hindre, Jadav, Jhare, Khaire, Lewa, Lonare and Tirole communities of Vidarbha. The communities are largely found in the state of Maharashtra but also exist in the states of Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala and Goa. Kunbis are included among the Other Backward Classes (OBC) in Maharashtra.
The Nayak, or Naik is a historic Indian title conferred on military generals and governors of feudal states in the Middle Ages. Today it is also a surname. Nayaks are mostly Hindu and few Sikhs, who follow Hinduism and Sikhism respectively.
The Marathi people or Marathis are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group who are indigenous to Maharashtra in western India. They natively speak Marathi, an Indo-Aryan language. Maharashtra was formed as a Marathi-speaking state of India on May 1, 1960, as part of a nationwide linguistic reorganisation of the Indian states. The term "Maratha" is generally used by historians to refer to all Marathi-speaking peoples, irrespective of their caste; However, now it may refer to a Maharashtrian caste known as the Maratha.
The Dalvi is a clan (Gotra) of the Koli caste found in the Indian state of Maharashtra.
Bhoite is a surname found amongst the Maratha caste, mainly in the state of Maharashtra in India but it also appears in Indian states bordering Maharashtra.
Ranoji Bhoite was a Maratha chieftain of the Bhoite clan who lived in the 18th century. The Commander in Chief of the Maratha army from satara He was a contemporary of Ranoji Shinde, Dattaji Shinde, and others. Bhoite was an active Commander in Maratha's North India Campaign. Some Maratha leaders survived after the Panipat battle and created their own kingdoms, but Bhoite did not. He served under King Shahu in the Satara Kingdom.
The Jadhav is an clan (Gotra) found in the several castes such as Koli, Maratha, Banjara and Mangs living in Indian states of Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Telangana
Harpale (हरपळे) is a surname used by Indian Maratha community. The name is legendary among Maratha Royalties. They were honoured as Sardar, Patil and Deshmukh. They have a Royal Mark of Gaikwad Maharajas of Baroda. They possess Deshmukh rights of villages in Nagpur. Their relations are associated with the prominent Maratha clan of 96 Royal Clans.
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Maharashtra is a state in the western region of India. It is India's second-most populous state and third-largest state by area. The region that comprises the state has a long history dating back to approximately 1300–700 BCE, although the present-day state was not established until 1960 CE.
Gaekwad is a surname native to the Indian state of Maharashtra. The surname is found among the Marathas, Kolis and in Scheduled castes. It is also a common surname among Bharadis, Dhor, and Mahar communities of Maharashtra.
The following list includes a brief about the titles of nobility or orders of chivalry used by the Marathas of India and by the Marathis/Konkanis in general.
The Raghojirao Ramjirao Bhangre also spell Bhangaria was an Indian revolutionary who challenged and defied the British power in Maharashtra. He was the son of Ramji Bhangare, a Koli who also resisted the British rule and was subsequently hanged in Cellular Jail. He was only ten years old when he took up arms against British rule in Maharashtra.
The Lokhande is a clan (Gotra) found amongst the Koli, Maratha, Mang, Mahar, Ramoshi, Brahmin, mainly in the state of Maharashtra in India but it also appears in Indian states bordering Maharashtra. Lokhande means the person who deals with iron or ironmonger.
References
- ↑ Ghurye, Govind Sadashiv (1957). The Mahadev Kolis. New Delhi, India: Popular Book Depot. p. 235.
- ↑ Hassan, Syed Siraj ul (1989). The Castes and Tribes of H.E.H. the Nizam's Dominions. New Delhi, India: Asian Educational Services. pp. 335: Chavàn. ISBN 978-81-206-0488-9.
- ↑ Burman, J. J. Roy (2010). Ethnography of a Denotified Tribe: The Laman Banjara. Mittal Publications. ISBN 978-81-8324-345-2.
- ↑ India. Census Commissioner; Edward Albert Gait (1903). Census of India, 1901. Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India. Retrieved 16 July 2011.
- ↑ Reginald Edward Enthoven (1990). The tribes and castes of Bombay. Asian Educational Services. p. 183. ISBN 978-81-206-0630-2.
- ↑ Stewart Gordon (1993). The Marathas 1600-1818. Cambridge University Press. p. 46. ISBN 978-0-521-26883-7 . Retrieved 16 July 2011.
- ↑ Maratha Kshatriyancha Itihaas By K.B.Deshmukh
- ↑ Bahuvidha Gotravali. By A.D. Date and Sons. (in Marathi)
- ↑ Maratha Kshatra Dharma. Shree Swami Samartha Seva Kendra, Vani Dindori, District Nashik (in Marathi)
- ↑ Shahannav Kule va Sadhya Aadanave. Ashok Vasu.(in Marathi)