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Chocolate Jesus is the common name of chocolate sculptures by Richard Manderson in 1994, who called it Trans-substantiation 2; by George Heslop in 2006 who called his work Jesus on the Cross [1] ; and a third one by Cosimo Cavallaro in 2007 he called My Sweet Lord. [2] It has also been used in literature and song.
In 1991, Richard Manderson created a series of small raspberry fondant filled chocolate Jesuses, named "Sweet Jesus" [3] that were sold for consumption to visitors of Gorman House Arts Centre in Canberra, an Australian cultural centre and heritage site that runs theatres, workshops, exhibition space, artists' studios, offices and a café. [4]
When a US newspaper condemned his act of depicting Jesus on a chocolate, Manderson decided in answer to create an actual life-size chocolate Jesus he called Trans-substantiation 2. [5] He did so by filling a plaster mold with fifty-five pounds (25kg) of melted chocolate. He used chocolate-dipped strings for hair and plastic Easter wrap for a loincloth. Manderson's work was exhibited in the public window of a civic building belonging to the Nolan Gallery for Easter in 1994, with Manderson inviting the public to come and eat his chocolate Jesus work after the exhibition. [6]
George Heslop, an English artist created the Jesus Crucifixion scene made of chocolate. [7] His work was displayed in April 2006 in Bradford-on-Avon in Wiltshire as part of Ale and Porter gallery’s Chocolate exhibition. The exhibition also included chocolate reproductions of Michelangelo's David and Dalí's Venus. Heslop said he wanted to draw attention to the practice of "retail opportunism" that takes place during Easter. [1]
Cosimo Cavallaro's created an initial chocolate Jesus. But the work was damaged by rodents incidental to its storage in Brooklyn. Subsequently, he recreated in 2007 a work called My Sweet Lord for a Holy Week display at the Lab Gallery at the Roger Smith Hotel in Manhattan. His sculpture displayed an 'anatomically correct' Jesus with full frontal nudity in a crucifixion position, and with no artistic loincloth covering Jesus' private parts. [8]
The planned exhibition resulted in many protests. In a famous confrontation between the artist and Bill Donohue, the president of the Catholic League commenting during a CNN show hosted by Anderson Cooper that Cavallaro's work was "one of the worst assaults on Christian sensibilities ever". [9] [10] The Catholic League also called it "hate speech". After Cacallaro received many objections and threats, and the Catholic League asked for boycotting the Roger Smith Hotel, Cavallaro decided to call off the controversial exhibition. [11]
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Easter eggs, also called Paschal eggs, are eggs that are decorated for the Christian holiday of Easter, which celebrates the resurrection of Jesus. As such, Easter eggs are commonly used during the season of Eastertide. The oldest tradition, which continues to be used in Central and Eastern Europe, is to dye and paint chicken eggs.
Peeps are a marshmallow confection marketed since 1953 in the United States and Canada in the shape of chicks, bunnies, and other animals, as well as holiday shapes, with themes revolving around Halloween, Christmas, and Easter, produced by Pennsylvania-headquartered Just Born Quality Confections.
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Sir Antony Mark David Gormley is a British sculptor. His works include the Angel of the North, a public sculpture in Gateshead in the north of England, commissioned in 1994 and erected in February 1998; Another Place on Crosby Beach near Liverpool; and Event Horizon, a multipart site installation which premiered in London in 2007, then subsequently in Madison Square in New York City (2010), São Paulo, Brazil (2012), and Hong Kong (2015–16).
The National Gallery of Australia (NGA), formerly the Australian National Gallery, is the national art museum of Australia as well as one of the largest art museums in Australia, holding more than 166,000 works of art. Located in Canberra in the Australian Capital Territory, it was established in 1967 by the Australian Government as a national public art museum. As of 2022 it is under the directorship of Nick Mitzevich.
The Catholic League for Religious and Civil Rights, often shortened to the Catholic League, is an American Catholic organization whose stated purpose is to "defend the right of Catholics – lay and clergy alike – to participate in American public life without defamation or discrimination." The Catholic League states that it is "motivated by the letter and the spirit of the First Amendment ... to safeguard both the religious freedom rights and the free speech rights of Catholics whenever and wherever they are threatened." According to the Encyclopedia of American Religion and Politics, the league "is regarded by many as the preeminent organization representing the views of American lay Catholics."
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The Umlauf Sculpture Garden & Museum, stylized as the UMLAUF, is a museum and outdoor sculpture garden centered on the artistic works of American sculptor Charles Umlauf. Located at 605 Azie Morton Road in the Zilker neighborhood of Austin, Texas, the garden is adjacent to Austin's Zilker Park.
Paska is a Ukrainian Easter bread. It is particularly spread in Central and Eastern European countries with cultural connections to the ancient Byzantine Empire, Eastern Orthodoxy or Eastern Catholicism. Easter breads are a traditional element in the Easter holiday cuisines of Armenia, Belarus, Bulgaria, Croatia, Georgia, Moldova, Romania, Russia, Poland, Slovakia and Ukraine. It is also eaten in countries with large immigrant populations from Central and Eastern Europe such as the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom. Easter bread is also a common tradition amongst the Assyrian-Chaldean-Syriac diaspora.
Easter is one of the most significant events in the religious and social calendar, celebrated heavily in the European country of Malta.
Cosimo Cavallaro is an Italian-Canadian artist, filmmaker and sculptor. Born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, Cavallaro is known for his numerous installation art pieces involving real cheese, including a series of photographs of the iconic 1960s model Twiggy draped in cheese and covering the inside of a New York City hotel room with melted cheese.
Andrei Molodkin is a Russian born conceptual artist living and working in Paris, France.
Lorenzo Quinn is a contemporary Italian sculptor and former actor. He is the eighth son of actor Anthony Quinn.
Carole A. Feuerman is an American sculptor and author renowned for her superrealist and hyperrealist art. She is recognized as one of the pioneering artists of the hyperrealist movement in the late 1970s and is best known for her figurative works of swimmers and dancers. Feuerman utilizes a variety of mediums including resin, marble, and bronze.
Easter traditions are customs and practices that are followed in various cultures and communities around the world to celebrate Easter, which is the central feast in Christianity, commemorating the resurrection of Jesus. The Easter season is seen as a time of celebration and feasting, in contrast to the antecedent season of Lent, which is a time of penitence and fasting.
The holiday of Easter is associated with various Easter customs and foodways. Preparing, coloring, and decorating Easter eggs is one such popular tradition. Lamb is eaten in many countries, mirroring the Jewish Passover meal.
The Brunelleschi Crucifix is a polychrome painted wooden sculpture by the Italian artist Filippo Brunelleschi, made from pearwood around 1410-1415, and displayed since 1572 in the Gondi Chapel at the church of Santa Maria Novella in Florence. This idealised depiction of the crucifixion of Jesus measures around 170 cm × 170 cm. It is the only surviving wooden sculpture by Brunelleschi: the only other known example, a wooden sculpture of Mary Magdalene at the church of Santo Spirito, was destroyed in a fire in 1471. In his 2002 book, Masaccio e le origini del Rinascimento, the art historian Luciano Bellosi described Brunelleschi's crucifix as "probably the first Renaissance work in the history of art", representing a definitive turn away from the stylised postures of Gothic sculpture and a return to the naturalism of classical sculpture.
