Chronology of the National Reconnaissance Office

Events

1950-1959

• 28 February 1959 - Discoverer 1 I/CORONA is launched; mission is a failure due to problems with Agena upper stage

1960-1969

• 15 January 1960 - 6594th Test Wing (Satellite) activated at Sunnyvale, California; will later be known as Air Force Satellite Control Facility, or the Blue Cube, controlling many NRO CORONA satellite missions
• 22 June 1960 - Launch of GRAB Signals Intelligence satellite; first overhead intelligence gathering satellite ^{[1] [2]}
• 11 August 1960 - Discoverer XIII capsule successfully recovered; first man-made object retrieved from orbit (American flag) ^[3]
• 18 August 1960 - Discoverer XIV/CORONA M9009 launched; first totally successful mission; returned images of Mys Schmidta airfield
• 17 February 1961 - First launch of KH-5 ARGON camera system (M9014A); mission was partially successful
• 6 September 1961 - National Reconnaissance Office is established ^[4]
• 13 December 1962 - First launch of POPPY SIGINT satellite ^[1]
• 21 August 1964 - Last launch of KH-5 ARGON system (M9066A); mission was successful

1970-1979

• 25 May 1972 - CORONA M1117 launched; final mission of CORONA program
• 12 October 1973 - Existence of NRO is inadvertently leaked through the Congressional Record, an official government publication ^[5]
• 15 August 1978 - William P. Kampiles, CIA staffer, arrested after selling KH-11 Technical Manual to the Soviets ^[6]
• 1 October 1978 - President Jimmy Carter publicly acknowledges the "fact of" United States' photoreconnaissance satellites ^{[7] [8]}

1980-1989

• 28 January 1986 - STS-51L Challenger explodes; delays pending launches of NRO satellites

1990-1999

• 18 September 1992 - National Reconnaissance Office declassified ^[9]

2000-2009

• 23 August 2001 - Brian Patrick Regan, a contractor at NRO, was arrested by FBI, under suspicion of espionage ^[10]
• 23 April 2007 - Operating Division-4 (OD-4) inactivates at Onizuka AFS, California ^[11]

References

1. National Reconnaissance Office: "Raising the Periscope... Grab and Poppy, America's early ELINT Satellites"
2. "History of the POPPY satellite system"
3. "National Air and Space Museum: Looking at Earth exhibit". Archived from the original on 2010-04-08. Retrieved 2009-09-21.
4. National Security Archive: Roswell Gilpatric, Letter to Allen Dulles, "Management of the National Reconnaissance Program", 6 September 1961
5. Zianet.com: Memorandum for Director Central Intelligence, "BYEMAN security compromises", 30 Oct 1973 ^{[ permanent dead link ]}
6. CI CENTRE:"William Kampiles espionage case" Archived 2009-03-29 at the Wayback Machine
7. National Security Archive: Zbigniew Brzezinski, "Admission of Satellite Reconnaissance", 25 Sep 1978
8. National Security Archive: Zbigniew Brzezinski, "Public Acknowledgement of the 'fact of' photoreconnaissance satellites", 21 Sep 1978
9. FAS.org:"Department of Defense, No. 264-M, MEMORANDUM FOR CORRESPONDENTS", September 18, 1992
10. CI CENTRE: "Brian Regan espionage case" Archived 2009-03-07 at the Wayback Machine
11. Air Force Link: "'Mission accomplished' for NRO at Onizuka AFS", 23 Apr 2007 Archived 2011-07-20 at the Wayback Machine

External links

• NRO official website
• History of the US high-altitude SIGINT system
• History of the US reconnaissance system: imagery