Livonia, known in earlier records as Livland, is a historical region on the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea. It is named after the Livonians, who lived on the shores of present-day Latvia.
Count Axel Lillie, also spelled Lillje was a Swedish soldier and politician. He was appointed Governor of all Pomerania in 1643, Privy Councilor in 1648, Governor General of Pomerania in 1652, Field Marshal in 1657, and Governor General of Livonia in 1661. In the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648), he commanded troops at the Battle of Leipzig, in 1642. He had Löfstad Castle built.
Swedish Livonia was a dominion of the Swedish Empire from 1629 until 1721. The territory, which constituted the southern part of modern Estonia and the northern part of modern Latvia, represented the conquest of the major part of the Polish-Lithuanian Duchy of Livonia during the 1600–1629 Polish-Swedish War. Parts of Livonia and the city of Riga were under Swedish control as early as 1621 and the situation was formalized in the Truce of Altmark 1629, but the whole territory was not ceded formally until the Treaty of Oliva in 1660. The minority part of the Wenden Voivodeship retained by the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was renamed the Inflanty Voivodeship, which today corresponds to the Latgale region of Latvia.
Axel Julius de la Gardie was a Swedish field marshal and was appointed Governor-General over Estonia from 1687 to 1704.
The Duchy of Estonia, also known as Swedish Estonia, was a dominion of the Swedish Empire from 1561 until 1721 during the time that most or all of Estonia was under Swedish rule. The territory was eventually ceded to Russia in the Treaty of Nystad, following its capitulation during a plague outbreak in the Great Northern War.
Erik Knutsson, sometimes known as Eric X, was King of Sweden between 1208 and 1216. Also known as Erik the Survivor, he was, at his accession to the throne, the only remaining son of King Knut Eriksson and his queen, whose name may have been Cecilia.
The siege of Wesenberg was an abortive Swedish siege of the Russian-held town of Wesenberg in Estonia from January through March 1574, during the Livonian War. The siege is infamous for a brawl and subsequent combat between German and Scottish mercenaries within the besieging army, which claimed the lives of about 1,500 Scots. Wesenberg was seized in a renewed Swedish assault in 1581.
The siege of Varberg was a Danish siege of the Swedish-occupied castle of Varberg in Halland, present-day Sweden by Danish forces under the Danish-German general Daniel Rantzau. Rantzau was killed by a Swedish cannonball on 11 November. Danish commander Franz Brockenhuus and Swedish commander Bo Birgersson Grip were also killed in the battle.
Sophia Eleonora Rosenhane, as married Jennings, was a Swedish patron and noblewoman. At the national portrait gallery at Gripsholm Castle, her portrait was featured amongst six of the most famous Swedish women in history. She became known as a financier and respected patron of the arts. After her death she was buried at the family grave in Husby-Oppunda.
Gabriel Bengtsson Oxenstierna af Korsholm och Wasa, 1st Count of Korsholma and Vaasa, Finnish: Gabriel Pentinpoika Oxenstierna, was a Swedish statesman, jurist and diplomat.
The Invasion of Courland (1658) was a Swedish campaign against the Duchy of Courland in 1658. It was led by Robert Douglas and resulted in the Swedes occupying Courland, capturing Mitau and the Duke of Courland. The initial invasion only lasted a few months, however the Swedes remained in Courland for 2 years.
The Battle of Ubagall was a battle between soldiers of Carl Henriksson Horn and a Russian force under the command of Tiesenhusen in the village of Ubagall in 1571.
The Third Folkung Uprising was the last uprising known for the political power of the Folkungs. The insurgents, who were led by the known Folkung Johan Filipsson, started the revolt in hopes to end the leadedship of Sweden's current King, Magnus Ladulås.
The siege of Narva was a siege and massacre initiated by Pontus De la Gardie against the Russian-controlled city of Narva in present-day Estonia. The siege resulted in a victory for the Swedes.
The Swedish expedition to Livonia was a Swedish military offensive and war directed towards the land controlled by John III in the Baltic in 1562. Despite it being mainly against John III, the Swedes also captured fortresses under the Polish–Lithuanian union. The Swedes also managed to occupy a majority of northern Livonia.
The Massacre at Helgeandsholmen, also called the Battle of Helgeandsholmen was a massacre by Danish troops under Ture Turesson Bielke against peasants from Uppland who had marched to Stockholm to protest the new tax and the imprisonment of Archbishop Jöns Bengtsson Oxenstierna. The massacre has been noted to be one of the lesser known massacres in Swedish history by Dick Harrison.
The Polish–Swedish War (1563–1568), also called the First Polish War was waged primarily in the Baltic during the larger Northern Seven Years' War between Sweden and the Polish–Lithuanian union, the Duchy of Courland, parts of the Livonian nobility, and Estonian rebels from 1563 to 1568. The war ultimately ended when John III became the King of Sweden, resulting in a Swedish victory.
The Swedish Civil War of 1438–1439, also called Karl Knutsson's private war against rebellious fortress commanders, was a private civil war waged by Karl Knutsson against several commanders of different fortresses around Sweden whom had refused to swear fealty to him.
Livonian campaign was the main theatre of the Polish–Swedish War (1617–1618). While the main Swedish objective to capture Riga failed.The Swedes only managed to capture Pärnu, which they had for the next two years.
The Swedish conflicts with the Teutonic Order were a series of wars fought between Sweden and the Teutonic Order as well as its Livonian branch, from 1472 to 1488. It consisted of three wars in total, the first from 1472 to 1475, the second in 1478, and the last from 1485 to 1488.
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