Communications Regulatory Authority of Namibia

Last updated
Communications Regulatory Authority of Namibia
CRAN
Agency overview
Formed18 May 2011
Preceding agency
  • Namibia Communications Commission
JurisdictionRepublic of Namibia
Headquarters Windhoek
Employees±50
Website CRAN

The Communications Regulatory Authority of Namibia (CRAN), established by the Namibian Communication Act (Act No. 8 of 2009) [1] on 18 May 2011 with the mandate to regulate postal and telecommunication services. It emerged from the former Namibia Communications Commission. CRAN is accountable to the Ministry of Information and Communication Technology of Namibia. [2] [3]

Contents

See also

Related Research Articles

Telecommunications had an early beginning in Mauritius, with the first telephone line installed in 1883, seven years after the invention of the telephone. Over the years, the network and telephony improved. By the late 20th century, the rapid development and convergence of information and telecommunications technologies gave rise to an ICT industry on the island along with many incentives provided by the government. The government thus aims to make the ICT sector the 5th pillar of the Mauritian economy and Mauritius a Cyber Island. Historically, the country is known for tourism, rather than its call centers and business process outsourcing.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Namibian Defence Force</span> Combined military forces of Namibia

The Namibian Defence Force (NDF) comprises the national military forces of Namibia. It was created when the country, then known as South West Africa, gained independence from apartheid South Africa in 1990. Chapter 15 of the Constitution of Namibia establishes the NDF and defines its role and purpose as, " ... to defend the territory and national interests of Namibia".

Wiretapping, also known as wire tapping or telephone tapping, is the monitoring of telephone and Internet-based conversations by a third party, often by covert means. The wire tap received its name because, historically, the monitoring connection was an actual electrical tap on an analog telephone or telegraph line. Legal wiretapping by a government agency is also called lawful interception. Passive wiretapping monitors or records the traffic, while active wiretapping alters or otherwise affects it.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Near-field communication</span> Radio communication established between devices by bringing them into proximity

Near-field communication (NFC) is a set of communication protocols that enables communication between two electronic devices over a distance of 4 cm (1.57 in) or less. NFC offers a low-speed connection through a simple setup that can be used to bootstrap more capable wireless connections. Like other "proximity card" technologies, NFC is based on inductive coupling between two antennas present on NFC-enabled devices—for example a smartphone and a printer—communicating in one or both directions, using a frequency of 13.56 MHz in the globally available unlicensed radio frequency ISM band using the ISO/IEC 18000-3 air interface standard at data rates ranging from 106 to 848 kbit/s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ministry of Digital Economy and Society</span>

The Ministry of Digital Economy and Society, formerly known as the Ministry of Information and Communication Technology (MICT), Thai: กระทรวงเทคโนโลยีสารสนเทศและการสื่อสาร, is a cabinet ministry of Thailand. MICT was established on 3 October 2002 by the Administrative Reorganisation Act, 2002. The new ministry was created as the Ministry of Digital Economy and Society by the Re-organization of Ministry, Bureau and Department Act, B.E. 2558.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">.na</span> Internet country code top-level domain for Namibia

.na is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Namibia corresponding to the two letter code from the ISO-3166 standard.

Data retention defines the policies of persistent data and records management for meeting legal and business data archival requirements. Although sometimes interchangeable, it is not to be confused with the Data Protection Act 1998.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Namibia University of Science and Technology</span> Institute of tertiary education in Windhoek, Namibia

The Namibia University of Science and Technology (NUST), formerly known as Polytechnic of Namibia, is a public university located in the city of Windhoek, Namibia. Andrew Niikondo is its acting vice-chancellor. NUST was headed by the founding vice-chancellor Tjama Tjivikua until March 2019. After two acting appointments, Erold Naomab was appointed vice-chancellor in January 2021. The largely ceremonial role of chancellor of the university is held by Peter Katjavivi.

Institute of National Importance (INI) is a status that may be conferred on a premier public higher education institution in India by an act of Parliament of India, an institution which "serves as a pivotal player in developing highly skilled personnel within the specified region of the country/state". Institutes of National Importance receive special recognition, higher autonomy and funding from the Government of India.

<i>New Era</i> (Namibia) Namibian newspaper

The New Era is a daily national newspaper owned by the government of Namibia. The newspaper is one of four daily national newspapers in the country, the others being The Namibian, Die Republikein (Afrikaans) and Allgemeine Zeitung (German).

The Tanzania Commission for Science and Technology (COSTECH) is a parastatal organization affiliated with the government of Tanzania. It was created by an Act of the National Assembly of Tanzania in 1986 as a successor to the Tanzania National Scientific Research Council. The commission was a subsidiary institution to the Ministry of Communications, Science and Technology (MCST) and is now a subsidiary institution to the Ministry of Education, Science & Technology. The main offices are located in Dar es Salaam.

The Ministry of Communication, and ICT was a Tanzanian government ministry that was established in February 2008. The ministry's roles were policy formulation, monitoring and evaluation, and regulatory and legal matters pertaining to communication, information and communications technology (ICT), science, technology, and innovation.

Privacy law in Denmark is supervised and enforced by the independent agency Datatilsynet based mainly upon the Act on Processing of Personal Data.

The Tanzania Communications Regulatory Authority (TCRA), established by the TCRA Act No. 12 of 2003, is an independent Authority for the postal, broadcasting and electronic communications industries in the United Republic of Tanzania based in Mikocheni ward of Kinondoni District of Dar es Salaam Region. It merged the former Tanzania Communications Commission and the Tanzania Broadcasting Commission. The TCRA is accountable to the Communications and Technology Ministry. The Information Communication and Technology (ICT) sector reform in Tanzania is notable in that development was influenced by regional, political (national) and technological factors. Tanzania is one of the few African countries to liberalise the communications sector whereby the Converged Licensing Framework (CLF) is used as a key strategy, in terms of the Tanzania Communications Regulations. Since inception in 2003, the TCRA has issued a number of regulations to administer the sector, but still faces a number of challenges such as the roll-out of services to under-serviced rural areas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ministry of Information and Communications Technology of Iran</span>

The Ministry of Information and Communications Technology, or Ministry of ICT established in 1908, is responsible for postal services, telephones and information technology in the Islamic Republic of Iran.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ministry of Communications (India)</span> Indian ministerial agency

Ministry of Communications is a Central ministry under the Government of India responsible for telecommunications and postal service. It was carved out of Ministry of Communications and Information Technology on 19 July 2016.

Same-sex unions are currently not performed in Namibia. The Supreme Court ruled 4–1 on 16 May 2023 that same-sex marriages concluded outside of Namibia should be recognised for residency purposes. A bill seeking to overturn the ruling is currently pending in the Parliament of Namibia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ministry of Information and Communication Technology (Namibia)</span> Namibian government department

The Ministry of Information and Communication Technology (MICT) is a department of the Namibian government. It was established in 1990 as Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, responsible for licensing of the media, the first minister was Hidipo Hamutenya.

References

  1. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-06-24. Retrieved 2017-06-28.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  2. Nakashole, Ndama (16 June 2017). "Cran seizes internet equipment". The Namibian . p. 1. Archived from the original on 2017-07-01. Retrieved 2017-06-28.
  3. "Communications Regulator Reaches 5 Years". Namibia Economist . 3 June 2016. Archived from the original on 2017-09-08. Retrieved 2017-06-28.