 | |
| Founded | 1997 |
|---|---|
| Headquarters | , United States  |
| Website | convergecfd |
Convergent Science is an engineering software company which has its headquarters in Madison, Wisconsin. The company develops and supports CONVERGE CFD software, a general purpose computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver.
Convergent Science was founded in 1997 by a group of graduate students, including Eric Pomraning, Keith Richards, Peter Kelly Senecal, Daniel Lee, and David Schmidt, [1] at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. [2] Initially a computational fluid dynamics consulting company, Convergent Science became a computational fluid dynamics computer software company in 2008 with the release of its CONVERGE CFD software. [3]
Besides the headquarters in Madison, Wisconsin, the company has additional offices in the United States, Europe, and India. [4] Additionally, Convergent Science is partnered with the Japan-based company IDAJ to distribute and support CONVERGE in Japan, Korea, and China. [5]
CONVERGE CFD software is a multi-purpose computational fluid dynamics code for modeling three-dimensional, reacting or non-reacting, turbulent flows. The software package includes coupled flow and detailed chemical kinetics solvers, the graphical user interface CONVERGE Studio, and a license for a limited version of the post-processing and visualization software Tecplot.
CONVERGE features an automated meshing algorithm that generates an orthogonal mesh at runtime and employs Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) to refine the mesh during the simulation in areas with complex phenomena, like moving geometries or fluctuating temperatures or flow velocities. [6] [7] The company refers to this meshing process as "autonomous meshing".
The modeling capabilities of CONVERGE include steady-state and transient simulations for incompressible or compressible flows. The software contains a variety of physical models for phenomena including turbulence, spray, conjugate heat transfer, multi-phase flow, fluid-structure interaction, and surface chemistry. [8]
CONVERGE has been applied for modeling internal combustion engines, [9] fuel injectors, [10] gas turbines, [11] pumps, [12] compressors, [13] and engine after treatment systems. [14] More than 700 peer-reviewed journal articles containing CONVERGE results have been published on these topics. [15]
Users of the software include automotive companies, the motor racing industry, universities, government, and corporate organizations. [6] [16] [17] [18] CONVERGE has been used in the development process for various high-profile projects, including Mazda's SKYACTIV-X, [19] a highly efficient gasoline compression ignition engine, and Ford's EcoBlue diesel engine. [20] Argonne National Laboratory, Caterpillar, and Cummins have employed CONVERGE in several projects aimed toward increasing the fuel efficiency of internal combustion engines. [21] [22] In addition, Intel and Roush Yates Engines work with CONVERGE to design high-performance racing engines. [23]
In spark-ignition internal combustion engines, knocking occurs when combustion of some of the air/fuel mixture in the cylinder does not result from propagation of the flame front ignited by the spark plug, but when one or more pockets of air/fuel mixture explode outside the envelope of the normal combustion front. The fuel–air charge is meant to be ignited by the spark plug only, and at a precise point in the piston's stroke. Knock occurs when the peak of the combustion process no longer occurs at the optimum moment for the four-stroke cycle. The shock wave creates the characteristic metallic "pinging" sound, and cylinder pressure increases dramatically. Effects of engine knocking range from inconsequential to completely destructive.
Reed valves are a type of check valve which restrict the flow of fluids to a single direction, opening and closing under changing pressure on each face. Modern versions often consist of flexible metal or composite materials.
CHEMKIN is a proprietary software tool for solving complex chemical kinetics problems. It is used worldwide in the combustion, chemical processing, microelectronics and automotive industries, and also in atmospheric science. It was originally developed at Sandia National Laboratories and is now developed by a US company, Reaction Design.
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) is a form of internal combustion in which well-mixed fuel and oxidizer are compressed to the point of auto-ignition. As in other forms of combustion, this exothermic reaction produces heat that can be transformed into work in a heat engine.
Tecplot is the name of a family of visualization & analysis software tools developed by American company Tecplot, Inc., which is headquartered in Bellevue, Washington. The firm was formerly operated as Amtec Engineering. In 2016, the firm was acquired by Vela Software, an operating group of Constellation Software, Inc. (TSX:CSU).
Fluid–structure interaction (FSI) is the interaction of some movable or deformable structure with an internal or surrounding fluid flow. Fluid–structure interactions can be stable or oscillatory. In oscillatory interactions, the strain induced in the solid structure causes it to move such that the source of strain is reduced, and the structure returns to its former state only for the process to repeat.
Stencil jumping, at times called stencil walking, is an algorithm to locate the grid element enclosing a given point for any structured mesh. In simple words, given a point and a structured mesh, this algorithm will help locate the grid element that will enclose the given point.
Airflow Sciences Corporation (ASC) is an engineering consulting company based in Livonia, Michigan, USA that specializes in the design and optimization of equipment and processes involving flow, heat transfer, combustion, and mass transfer. Engineering techniques include Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling, experimental laboratory testing, and field measurements at client sites. ASC works for a wide range of industries world-wide, including power generation, manufacturing, aerospace, HVAC, food processing, biomedical, pollution control, oil and gas, rail, legal, and automotive.
A free-piston engine is a linear, 'crankless' internal combustion engine, in which the piston motion is not controlled by a crankshaft but determined by the interaction of forces from the combustion chamber gases, a rebound device and a load device.
OpenFOAM is a C++ toolbox for the development of customized numerical solvers, and pre-/post-processing utilities for the solution of continuum mechanics problems, most prominently including computational fluid dynamics (CFD).
In computational fluid dynamics, the immersed boundary method originally referred to an approach developed by Charles Peskin in 1972 to simulate fluid-structure (fiber) interactions. Treating the coupling of the structure deformations and the fluid flow poses a number of challenging problems for numerical simulations. In the immersed boundary method the fluid is represented in an Eulerian coordinate system and the structure is represented in Lagrangian coordinates. For Newtonian fluids governed by the Navier–Stokes equations, the fluid equations are
Exa Corporation was a developer and distributor of computer-aided engineering (CAE) software. Its main product was PowerFLOW, a lattice-boltzmann derived implementation of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), which can very accurately simulate internal and external flows in low-Mach regimes. PowerFLOW is used extensively in the international automotive and transportation industries.
PumpLinx is a 3-D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software developed for the analysis of fluid pumps, motors, compressors, valves, propellers, hydraulic systems, and other fluid devices with rotating or sliding components.
CD-adapco was a multinational computer software company that authored and distributed applications used for computer-aided engineering, best known for its computational fluid dynamics (CFD) products. In 2016 the company was acquired by Siemens Digital Industries Software.
Reaction Design is a San Diego-based developer of combustion simulation software used by engineers to design cleaner burning and fuel-efficient combustors and engines, found in everything from automobiles to turbines for power generation and aircraft propulsion to large diesel engines that use pistons the size of rooms to propel ships locomotives. The technology is also used to model spray vaporization in electronic materials processing applications and predict mixing reactions in chemical plants. Ansys, a leader in engineering simulation software, acquired Reaction Design in January 2014.
KIVA is a family of Fortran-based Computational Fluid Dynamics software developed by Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). The software predicts complex fuel and air flows as well as ignition, combustion, and pollutant-formation processes in engines. The KIVA models have been used to understand combustion chemistry processes, such as auto-ignition of fuels, and to optimize diesel engines for high efficiency and low emissions. General Motors has used KIVA in the development of direct-injection, stratified charge gasoline engines as well as the fast burn, homogeneous-charge gasoline engine. Cummins reduced development time and cost by 10%–15% using KIVA to develop its high-efficiency 2007 ISB 6.7-L diesel engine that was able to meet 2010 emission standards in 2007. At the same time, the company realized a more robust design and improved fuel economy while meeting all environmental and customer constraints.
The SRM Engine Suite is an engineering software tool used for simulating fuels, combustion and exhaust gas emissions in internal combustion engine applications. It is used worldwide by leading IC engine development organisations and fuel companies. The software is developed, maintained and supported by CMCL Innovations, Cambridge, U.K.
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Simcenter STAR-CCM+ is a commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based simulation software developed by Siemens Digital Industries Software. Simcenter STAR-CCM+ allows the modeling and analysis of a range of engineering problems involving fluid flow, heat transfer, stress, particulate flow, electromagnetics and related phenomena.
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