Crow Holdings

Last updated
Crow Holdings
Company type Privately held company
IndustryReal estate
Founded1948;76 years ago (1948)
Founder Trammell Crow, Harlan Crow
Headquarters Dallas, Texas, United States
Key people
Michael Levy, CEO
Ken Valach, CEO Crow Holdings Development [1]
Bob McClain, CEO Crow Holdings Capital [2]
Harlan Crow, Chairman [3]
AUM $19.6 billion (2020) [4] [5]
Website www.crowholdings.com OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg

Crow Holdings is a privately owned real estate investment and development firm based in Dallas, Texas, US, which has been operating since 1948. [6] [7] Originally founded by Trammell Crow, the firm was expanded under the direction of his son, Harlan Crow, chairman and former CEO. As of 2018, the company employed 450 people through its operating businesses in locations throughout the US. [8] [9] As of 2020, Crow Holdings managed $19.6 billion. [10] [11]

Contents

Business

Founder Trammell Crow began developing real estate at the end of World War II. Since then, Crow Holdings has been an active investor and/or developer in industrial, multifamily, office, retail, mart, land and hotel real estate businesses in the US, Europe and South America. Crow Holdings also holds stakes in privately held businesses and other financial assets. [12]

Crow Holdings companies include: Crow Holdings Capital, Trammell Crow Residential, Crow Holdings Industrial and Crow Holdings Office, [13] and maintains a broad portfolio of investments including various signature properties including Old Parkland office campus, the Anatole Hotel, the Dallas Market Center, The Brussels Trade Mart and The Windsor Court Hotel in New Orleans. [14]

Crow Holdings Capital

Crow Holdings Capital is an investment management company of Crow Holdings. [15] It was registered in 2011 as a Registered Investment Advisor [16] to continue Crow Holdings private equity real estate fund business which was launched in 1998 with a $281 million fund. [17] As of 2018 Crow Holdings Capital managed $10 billion AUM. [18]

Trammell Crow Residential

Trammell Crow Residential is the multifamily real estate development company of Crow Holdings. [8] Founded in 1978, TCR develops multifamily real estate projects in major markets across the U.S. During its 40-year history it has built over 275,000 multifamily residences.[ citation needed ] In 1997 TCR was the largest builder of apartments in the US. [19] TCR has been ranked one of the top ten largest apartment developers in the U.S. in 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019. [20]

Crow Holdings Development

Crow Holdings Industrial was launched in 2013 to develop industrial facilities such as distribution, fulfillment, and last-mile logistics centers. Since 2013, it has developed about 60 properties and 23 million square-feet of industrial space for companies such as Amazon, Whole Foods, LG, and Williams Sonoma. During the fourth quarter of 2019, it had 8 million square-feet under construction and $275 million in property sales. [21]

In 2016, CHD opened an office in Southern California, [22] and in 2018, opened additional offices to cover the Midwest and Northeast of the United States. CHD has established more than 285,000 multifamily units since 1977 and more than 68 million square feet of industrial space since 2013. [23] [24] [25]

CHD is committed to the use of green warehouse standards, using green and recycled construction materials whenever possible, and the installation of LED lighting and EV car charging stations is typical of CHI projects. [21]

Crow Holdings Office

Crow Holdings Office (CHO), launched in January 2020, designs and builds high-end office projects. [13] [26]

History

1948-1979

Trammell Crow built his first warehouse in Dallas, Texas in 1948. [27] From its founding through the 1980s, Trammell Crow Company's (TCC) primary business was the development and management of industrial, office and retail projects. [28]

By 1971, Trammell Crow was the biggest private landlord in the US, with over $1 billion in real estate. [29] In 1976 and 1977 the company re-organized into three separate but connected entities: the Trammell Crow Company for commercial development; the Trammell Crow Residential Companies for residential development; and Crow Family Holdings, which included the Dallas Market Center, [30] warehouses [31] and hotels. [32] Trammell Crow held the position of CEO until 1977. [33] [34]

1980s

In 1982 Trammell Crow Interests was established. TCI was headed by Trammell's son, Harlan Crow. [35] TCI is the predecessor of Crow Holdings. [36] By 1984 Trammell Crow was the biggest real estate developer in the U.S., with 140 million square feet of property in 73 cities. [37]

1990s

In 1997 the Trammell Crow Company went public, trading shares on the New York Stock Exchange. [38] At the time, TCC was one of the largest diversified commercial real estate services companies and the largest commercial property manager in the US. [39] Around this time, several Crow Holdings alumni spun off multifamily development companies such as AvalonBay Communities and AMLI Residential.

In 1998 Crow Family Holdings dropped “family” from the name of the private holding company. [40] Also in 1998, Crow Holdings closed its first real estate fund establishing the foundation for Crow Holdings Capital.

2000s

In 2006 Trammell Crow Company was sold to the CB Richard Ellis Group. [38]

In 2008, Crow Holdings moved into its Old Parkland headquarters located in Dallas, Texas, having acquired the historic campus in 2006. [41]

In 2017, Michael Levy was appointed as CEO of the firm. [42] In 2023, Crow Holdings founded Crow Renewables to develop solar and energy storage assets. [43]

In February 2024, Crow Holdings Capital closed its tenth value-add real estate fund at $3.1 billion. In addition to the primary fund, the company secured co-invest agreements of nearly $600 million. The fund will continue to invest in industrial, multifamily, and specialty real estate. [44]

Management team

Harlan Crow was CEO of Crow Holdings until 2017, remaining as chairman of the board. Anne Raymond was managing director of Crow Holdings until 2017 and is a member of the board. [45] Michael Levy became CEO of Crow Holdings in November, 2017. [8] [46] [45] Ken Valach is the CEO of Crow Holdings Development. [24] Bob McClain is CEO and head of the Real Estate Investment Committee for Crow Holdings Capital. [47]

Selected properties

Old Parkland

Parkland Hospital was built in 1894, but fell into disrepair after the hospital relocated in 1954.In 2006 Crow Holdings redeveloped the property to office space, renaming it Old Parkland. In 2009 the company moved its headquarters into the renovated building. [48] [49]

Windsor Court Hotel

In 2009 the company purchased the luxury Windsor Court Hotel in New Orleans, Louisiana. The hotel was built in 1984 and is known for its Anglophilic styling. [50]

Anatole Hotel

Trammell Crow was the original developer of the Anatole Hotel in 1979. At the time it was the largest hotel in North Texas, with 900 rooms. [51] A second tower was added in 1984 which added 720 rooms. [52]

Dallas Market Center

In March 2015, Crow Holdings paid $140 million to buy the Dallas Market Center complex, purchased from CNL Lifestyle Properties, Inc., which co-owned the property with Crow Holdings since 2005. Trammell Crow had first developed the market center in 1957. [53] [54]

Trademart Brussels

Trammell Crow developed the Trademart Brussels, Belgium, in 1973, [55] and opened it in 1975. [56] [57] [58]

Affiliated companies

Lincoln Property Company

In 1965, Trammell Crow and Mack Pogue founded Lincoln Property Company as a developer and manager of high-quality residential communities throughout the US. In 1977 Pogue purchased Trammell Crow's share in the company. [59]

Wyndham Hotel Corporation

In 1981, Trammell Crow founded Wyndham Hotel Corporation. [60] Wyndham merged with hotel REIT Patriot American Hospitality in 1998. [61] Patriot was later converted from a REIT to a corporation and renamed Wyndham International. Blackstone acquired Wyndham International in 2005. [62]

AvalonBay

In 1993, Trammell Crow Residential spun off its Northeastern division to create Avalon Properties Inc, a REIT based in Wilton, Connecticut. [63] [64] Avalon acquired properties from TCR Midwest and TCR Pacific Northwest in 1997 and 1998, respectively. [65] In 1998, Avalon merged with Bay Apartment Communities to create, AvalonBay Communities. It was the first bi-coastal multifamily REIT and, as of 2020 it was the largest apartment REIT in the country by equity market capitalization. [66] [67]

Gables Residential Trust

In 1993, TCR combined its Atlanta, Dallas and Houston divisions, as well as Nashville assets to form REIT Gables Residential Trust. In 1998, it acquired TCR South Florida. [68] Gables Residential issued its IPO in 1994 Gables merged with Lion Gables Apartment Fund LP, in 2004, an investment fund managed by ING Clarion Partners and Lehman Brothers. It was then taken private under the name Lion Gables Apartment Fund LP. [69] Clarion acquired Gables Residential in 2015. [70]

Homegate Hospitality

In 1996, Homegate Hospitality, Inc., an extended-stay hotel chain, was founded by TCR, Greystar Capital Partners, L.P. and Crow Investment Trust, the real estate investment arm of the Crow Family. [68] [71] In 1997, lodging company Prime Hospitality Corp. acquired Homegate Hospitality, Inc. [71]

Mergers and acquisition

In 1997, BRE Properties acquired the western US assets and operations of TCR, effectively merging TCR-West and BRE to create a REIT [72] with a portfolio of over 21,000 units. [73] In 1997, AMLI Residential acquired a percentage of TCR Midwest while Avalon acquired the remaining portion. [74] [75] In 1998, Merry Land & Investment Co., a publicly held REIT, acquired 13 apartment communities containing over 3,900 units from TCR North Florida. [76]

In 2002 Crow Holdings Industrial Trust was sold as a portfolio of properties to Clarion, which formed the beginnings of the Lion Industrial Trust. [77]

In 2010 Crow Holdings formed the Mill Creek Residential Trust, LLC to develop, operate and buy apartments in major US metropolitan areas. [78] In 2018 the Arizona State Retirement System purchased a 50% stake in Mill Creek Residential Trust. [79]

Related Research Articles

A real estate investment trust is a company that owns, and in most cases operates, income-producing real estate. REITs own many types of commercial real estate, including office and apartment buildings, studios, warehouses, hospitals, shopping centers, hotels and commercial forests. Some REITs engage in financing real estate. REITs act as a bridge between the worlds of housing and urban development on one hand, and institutional investors and financial markets on the other. They are typically categorized into commercial REITs (C-REITs) and residential REITs (R-REITs), with the latter focusing on housing assets such as apartments and single-family homes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Trammell Crow</span> American real estate developer (1914–2009)

Fred Trammell Crow was an American real estate developer from Dallas, Texas. He is credited with the creation of several major real estate projects, including the Dallas Market Center, Peachtree Center in Atlanta, Georgia, and the Embarcadero Center in San Francisco, California.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">La Quinta Inns & Suites</span> North and Central American hotel chain

La Quinta by Wyndham, also known as La Quinta Inn & Suites is a chain of limited service hotels in the United States, Canada, Mexico, and Honduras owned by Wyndham Hotels & Resorts. La Quinta Holdings, Inc. first sold shares to the public in April 2014. La Quinta has headquarters in Irving, Texas. As of December 31, 2023, the company owns and operates 918 properties with 89,391 rooms.

Wyndham International, previously Patriot American Hospitality, was an American hotel company based in Dallas, Texas.

David Lichtenstein is an American billionaire, entrepreneur, and real estate investor. He is the founder and CEO of The Lightstone Group, which he founded in 1988.

Equity Residential is a United States–based publicly traded real estate investment trust that invests in apartments.

Private equity real estate is a term used in investment finance to refer to a specific subset of the real estate investment asset class. Private equity real estate refers to one of the four quadrants of the real estate capital markets, which include private equity, private debt, public equity and public debt.

The Lightstone Group is a privately held real estate investment company which owns and operates a diversified portfolio of multifamily, office, industrial, hotel, and retail properties. Lightstone has invested directly in individual real estate assets and in real estate operating companies. The company was founded by David Lichtenstein in 1988.

Harlan Rogers Crow is an American-Kittitian real estate developer and conservative activist. He is the former chairman and CEO of the Trammell Crow Company, which was founded by his father, Trammell Crow. His father was described as the "largest landlord in the United States" by Forbes magazine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">AvalonBay Communities</span> American real estate company

AvalonBay Communities, Inc. is a publicly traded real estate investment trust that invests in apartments.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CapitaLand</span> Singaporean real estate organisation

CapitaLand is a Singaporean headquartered company focusing on investment, development and management of real estate. It has locations in more than 260 cities in over 40 countries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hines (company)</span> American real estate company

Hines Interests Limited Partnership is a privately held company that invests in and develops real estate.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Veris Residential</span> American real estate investment trust

Veris Residential, Inc. is a real estate investment trust headquartered in Jersey City, New Jersey, investing primarily in multifamily real estate in New Jersey and Boston.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Frasers Property</span> Multi-national real estate and property management company

Frasers Property is a Thai-Singaporean multinational real estate and property management group which develops, owns, and manages properties globally. It is owned by Thai Chinese billionaire business magnate Charoen Sirivadhanabhakdi. The group owns and manages properties in the commercial, residential, hospitality, retail and industrial and logistics sectors. Headquartered in Singapore, it trades on the Singapore Exchange Securities Trading Limited (SGX-ST). It also sponsors real estate investment trusts (REITs), including one stapled trust, two of which are also listed on the SGX-ST.

Morguard Corporation is a Canadian real estate company, based in Mississauga, Ontario. It owns retail, residential, office, industrial, and hotel properties, as well as managing real estate and financial investments for institutional investors. As of October 2017, it owned $9.4 billion in real estate, and managed an additional $12.6 billion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">H&R REIT</span> Canadian investment firm

H&R Real Estate Investment Trust is a Canadian open-ended real estate investment trust, specializing in commercial real estate, and based in Toronto, Ontario. It is the third largest REIT in Canada by market capitalization. H&R's portfolio operating mostly through its Primaris subsidiary includes 40 office properties, 161 retail properties, and 107 industrial properties and 11 other properties, with a total value of $13 billion. It is listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange.

Cominar is the owner, operator, investor, and developer of real estate across retail, office, residential and mixed-use asset classes, mainly in Québec.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Greystar</span> Real estate investment firm

Greystar Real Estate Partners is an international real estate developer and manager based in the United States. As of 2023, Greystar had over $76 billion in gross assets under management, and operated in 17 countries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bob Faith</span> American businessman

Robert Alan Faith is an American businessman, and the founder, chairman and chief executive officer (CEO) of Greystar Real Estate Partners.

References

  1. ↑ "Clarence Thomas Said His Billionaire Friend Didn't Come Before The Court — But His Business Interests Did". HuffPost. Retrieved 5 December 2024.
  2. ↑ "Dallas' Crow Holdings Snaps Up Six-State Manufactured Housing Portfolio, Plans $30M Improvements". Dallas Innovates. Retrieved 5 December 2024.
  3. ↑ "Harlan R. Crow". Bloomberg. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
  4. ↑ ""Special Delivery: Industrial Real Estate Jumps into Spotlight"". Fund Fire. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  5. ↑ "Guided by the past, Inspired by the future". Crow Holdings. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  6. ↑ "Company Overview of Crow Family Holdings". Bloomberg. Retrieved 1 December 2015.
  7. ↑ Martin, Douglas (2009-01-15). "Trammell Crow, Innovative Developer, Dies at 94". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2019-10-02.
  8. 1 2 3 "Why You Need to Know Michael Levy". D Magazine. Retrieved 2019-10-02.
  9. ↑ "Crow Holdings paying $140 million to gain sole ownership of Dallas Market Center". Dallas News. 2015-03-12. Retrieved 2019-10-02.
  10. ↑ "Special Delivery: Industrial Real Estate Jumps into Spotlight". FundFire. Retrieved 2021-01-03.
  11. ↑ "Crow Holdings: Where History Meets Innovation | Since 1948". Crow Holdings. Retrieved 2021-01-03.
  12. ↑ Sobel, Robert (7 October 2019). Trammell Crow, Master Builder . John Wiley & Sons. ISBN   978-0471613268.
  13. 1 2 "Crow Holdings launches new office division to build in Dallas and elsewhere". Dallas News. 2020-01-27. Retrieved 2020-11-09.
  14. ↑ "Crow Holdings". crowholdings.com. Retrieved 7 October 2019.
  15. ↑ Martin, Douglas (2009-01-15). "Trammell Crow, Innovative Developer, Dies at 94". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2019-10-16.
  16. ↑ "Crow Holdings Capital Review 2019". investor.com. Retrieved 2019-10-16.
  17. ↑ "Crow Holdings Capital Closes Crow Holdings Realty Fund VI at $1B, Makes 15 Investments". www.cpexecutive.com. Retrieved 2019-10-16.
  18. ↑ "Internet-resistant retail — A contrarian approach" (PDF). Crow Holdings Capital-/Real Estate. November 2018.
  19. ↑ Myerson, Allen R. "Trammell Crow Heir Rebuilds Family Empire // Third Son Digs Out From Rubble of Real Estate Crash". Tulsa World. Retrieved 2019-10-16.
  20. ↑ "2019 Developer List". www.nmhc.org. Retrieved 2019-10-16.
  21. 1 2 September 02, Erika Morphy |; AM, 2020 at 08:00. "Industrial Influencers". GlobeSt. Retrieved 2020-12-15.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  22. ↑ "CoStar's People of Note (June 10) CBRE Announces Global Executive Leadership Changes – Find Orange County Homes!" . Retrieved 2019-10-16.
  23. ↑ June 26, John Jordan |; AM, 2019 at 07:03. "National Developer Crow Holdings Industrial Breaks Ground on First Project in New Jersey". GlobeSt. Retrieved 2019-10-16.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  24. 1 2 "Crow Holdings Industrial Appoints New Managing Director". www.cpexecutive.com. February 2018. Retrieved 2019-10-16.
  25. ↑ "Crow Holdings breaks ground on N.C. Commerce Park warehouses". News of Orange County. Retrieved 9 December 2024.
  26. ↑ "Crow Holdings Announces Formation of Office Development Company". www.businesswire.com. 2020-01-27. Retrieved 2020-11-09.
  27. ↑ Martin, Douglas (2009-01-15). "Trammell Crow, Innovative Developer, Dies at 94". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2019-11-12.
  28. ↑ SEC. "Trammell Crow Co Prospectus 424B4". SEC.report. Retrieved 2020-11-15.
  29. ↑ Aldrich, Nelson W. (1988-11-01). "The Real Art Of The Deal". Inc.com. Retrieved 2019-11-12.
  30. ↑ "Crow Holdings paying $140 million to gain sole ownership of Dallas Market Center". Dallas News. 2015-03-12. Retrieved 2019-11-12.
  31. ↑ Maturi, Richard (12 August 2014). "Trammell Crow Revolutionized Real Estate Industry". Investor's Business Daily. Retrieved 2019-11-12.
  32. ↑ "Dallas' Crow Holdings buys landmark Denver hotel". Dallas News. 2014-03-05. Retrieved 2019-11-12.
  33. ↑ KLEINER, DIANA J. (2010-06-15). "TRAMMELL CROW COMPANY". tshaonline.org. Retrieved 2019-11-12.
  34. ↑ "History of Trammell Crow Company – FundingUniverse". www.fundinguniverse.com. Retrieved 2019-11-12.
  35. ↑ Pinder, Jeanne B. (1993-08-30). "Trammell Crow, Alive but Humbled". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2019-11-19.
  36. ↑ Sobel, Robert (1989). Trammell Crow, master builder . John Wiley & Sons. ISBN   9780471613268.
  37. ↑ "The Men Who Left the Crow's Nest". D Magazine. Retrieved 2019-11-19.
  38. 1 2 Martin, Douglas (2009-01-15). "Trammell Crow, Innovative Developer, Dies at 94". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2019-12-01.
  39. ↑ "Trammell Crow Company | Encyclopedia.com". www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2020-12-08.
  40. ↑ Journal, Dagmar AalundStaff Reporter of The Wall Street (1998-06-03). "Trammell Crow's Chief Strives To Change Firm's Reckless Ways". Wall Street Journal. ISSN   0099-9660 . Retrieved 2019-12-01.
  41. ↑ "What's the history behind Dallas' Old Parkland on Maple Avenue? Curious Texas turns back time". Dallas News. Retrieved 5 December 2024.
  42. ↑ "Dallas real estate firm Crow Holdings has a new CEO". Dallas News. Retrieved 5 December 2024.
  43. ↑ "Crow Holdings Announces Co-Leaders for New Renewable Energy Venture". Dallas Innovates. Retrieved 9 December 2024.
  44. ↑ "Crow Holdings Closes $3.1B Value-Add Fund". Commercial Search. Retrieved 9 December 2024.
  45. 1 2 Myerson, Allen R. (December 1996). "More Than a Chip Off the Building Block". The New York Times. Retrieved 1 December 2015.
  46. ↑ "Dallas real estate firm Crow Holdings has a new CEO". Dallas News. 2017-11-16. Retrieved 2019-11-04.
  47. ↑ Schein, Jonathan A. (November 2018). "Internet-resistant retail-A contrarian approach" (PDF). Retrieved 4 November 2019.
  48. ↑ "Behind the Gates of Old Parkland". D Magazine. Retrieved 2019-12-16.
  49. ↑ "What's the history behind Dallas' Old Parkland on Maple Avenue? Curious Texas turns back time". Dallas News. 2019-01-25. Retrieved 2019-12-16.
  50. ↑ Times-Picayune, Jaquetta White, The. "Windsor Court Hotel sold to partnership led by The Berger Company". NOLA.com. Retrieved 2019-12-16.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  51. ↑ "Dallas' landmark Anatole Hotel is celebrating its 40th birthday this year". Dallas News. 2019-01-30. Retrieved 2019-12-16.
  52. ↑ Gerem, Yves (2004). Marmac Guide to Dallas. Pelican. p. 143. ISBN   1589801997.
  53. ↑ "Crow Holdings paying $140 million to gain sole ownership of Dallas Market Center". Dallas News. 2015-03-12. Retrieved 2019-12-16.
  54. ↑ Brown, Steve. "Crow Holdings paying $140 million to gain sole ownership of Dallas Market Center". Dallas News. Retrieved 1 December 2015.
  55. ↑ "Brussels International Trade Mart Ltd & Co Sprl". www.bloomberg.com. Retrieved 2019-12-16.
  56. ↑ "dVO – Nieuws – BRUSSELS INTERNATIONAL TRADE MART LTD. & Co B.V.B.A." www.dvo.be. Retrieved 2019-12-16.
  57. ↑ Maturi, Richard (8 December 2014). "Trammell Crow Revolutionized Real Estate Industry". Investor's Business Daily. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  58. ↑ "Trade Mart in trek bij Chinezen". www.bruzz.be (in Dutch). Retrieved 2019-12-16.
  59. ↑ "History of Lincoln Property Company – FundingUniverse". www.fundinguniverse.com. Retrieved 2020-11-22.
  60. ↑ "Wyndham Hotels & Resorts Explained". finance.yahoo.com. Retrieved 2020-11-22.
  61. ↑ Journal, Jon BignessStaff Reporter of The Wall Street (1997-04-14). "Patriot American Confirms It Will Buy Wyndham Hotels". Wall Street Journal. ISSN   0099-9660 . Retrieved 2020-11-22.
  62. ↑ Story, Louise (2005-06-15). "Buyout Firm to Acquire Wyndham (Published 2005)". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2020-11-22.
  63. ↑ Journal, David D. KirkpatrickStaff Reporter of The Wall Street (1997-12-24). "Trammell Crow in Talks to Sell Thousands of Florida Holdings". Wall Street Journal. ISSN   0099-9660 . Retrieved 2020-01-13.
  64. ↑ Charles, Eleanor (1993-11-21). "In the Region/Connecticut; Avalon (Nee Trammell Crow) Runs Into Opposition (Published 1993)". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2020-11-29.
  65. ↑ Holson, Laura M. (1998-03-09). "Real Estate Trusts Plan $2 Billion Merger (Published 1998)". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2020-11-29.
  66. ↑ "Connections: AvalonBay Associate Magazine" (PDF). 2018.
  67. ↑ DiLallo, Matthew. "Is AvalonBay Communities a Good Fit for a Retirement Portfolio?". Millionacres. Retrieved 2020-11-29.
  68. 1 2 "History of Gables Residential Trust – FundingUniverse". www.fundinguniverse.com. Retrieved 2020-11-29.
  69. ↑ "Gables Completes Previously Announced Merger". www.businesswire.com. 2005-09-30. Retrieved 2020-11-29.
  70. ↑ Staff, P. E. I. "AMERICAS NEWS: A complex deal". PERE. Retrieved 2020-11-29.
  71. 1 2 Newswires, Dow Jones (1997-07-26). "Prime Hospitality, Homegate To Merge in $132 Million Deal". Wall Street Journal. ISSN   0099-9660 . Retrieved 2020-12-08.
  72. ↑ "BRE Properties to buy Trammell Crow assets". Deseret News. Dow Jones News Service. 1997-10-01. Retrieved 2020-01-13.
  73. ↑ Garrison, Trey (5 October 1997). "BRE acquiring Crow units". www.bizjournals.com. Retrieved 2020-11-15.
  74. ↑ "History of AvalonBay Communities, Inc. – FundingUniverse". www.fundinguniverse.com. Retrieved 2020-11-15.
  75. ↑ "AMLI RESIDENTIAL PROPERTIES TRUST - Current report filing (8-K) ITEM 2. ACQUISITION OR DISPOSITION OF ASSETS". sec.edgar-online.com. Retrieved 2020-11-15. On December 22, 1997, AMLI purchased AMLI at Conner Farm, a 300-unit luxury apartment community located in Indianapolis, Indiana, as part of the acquisition of a portion of the assets and operations of Trammell Crow Residential Midwest ("TCR-Midwest") located in Indianapolis and Kansas City.
  76. ↑ Snyder, Jack (24 February 1998). "MERRY LAND TRUST TO BUY APARTMENT UNITS IN FLORIDA". OrlandoSentinel.com. Retrieved 2020-11-15.
  77. ↑ Journal, Dean StarkmanStaff Reporter of The Wall Street (2002-10-16). "ING Unit to Buy Crow Holdings For About $680 Million Plus Debt". Wall Street Journal. ISSN   0099-9660 . Retrieved 2019-12-31.
  78. ↑ LLC, Mill Creek Residential Trust. "Mill Creek Residential Trust LLC and Rockwood Capital Announce New Joint Venture". www.prnewswire.com. Retrieved 2020-11-15.
  79. ↑ Lim, Dawn. "Arizona Pension Buys 50% Stake in Real-Estate Manager Mill Creek". WSJ. Retrieved 2019-12-31.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.