Related Research Articles
An oncogene is a gene that has the potential to cause cancer. In tumor cells, these genes are often mutated, or expressed at high levels.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a type of cancer in which the bone marrow makes too many lymphocytes. Early on there are typically no symptoms. Later non-painful lymph node swelling, feeling tired, fever, night sweats, or weight loss for no clear reason may occur. Enlargement of the spleen and low red blood cells (anemia) may also occur. It typically worsens gradually over years.
Chromosome 13 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 13 spans about 114 million base pairs and represents between 3.5 and 4% of the total DNA in cells.
The miR-15 microRNA precursor family is made up of small non-coding RNA genes that regulate gene expression. The family includes the related mir-15a and mir-15b sequences, as well as miR-16-1, miR-16-2, miR-195 and miR-497. These six highly conserved miRNAs are clustered on three separate chromosomes. In humans miR-15a and miR-16 are clustered within 0.5 kilobases at chromosome position 13q14. This region has been found to be the most commonly affected in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), with deletions of the entire region in more than half of cases. Both miR-15a and miR-16 are thus frequently deleted or down-regulated in CLL samples with 13q14 deletions; occurring in more than two thirds of CLL cases. The expression of miR-15a is associated with survival in triple negative breast cancer.
The miR-16 microRNA precursor family is a group of related small non-coding RNA genes that regulates gene expression. miR-16, miR-15, mir-195 and miR-497 are related microRNA precursor sequences from the mir-15 gene family. This microRNA family appears to be vertebrate specific and its members have been predicted or experimentally validated in a wide range of vertebrate species.
The miR-29 microRNA precursor, or pre-miRNA, is a small RNA molecule in the shape of a stem-loop or hairpin. Each arm of the hairpin can be processed into one member of a closely related family of short non-coding RNAs that are involved in regulating gene expression. The processed, or "mature" products of the precursor molecule are known as microRNA (miRNA), and have been predicted or confirmed in a wide range of species.
T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAL1 gene.
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PDGFRB gene.
Exosome component 2, also known as EXOSC2, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the EXOSC2 gene.
Factor interacting with PAPOLA and CPSF1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FIP1L1 gene. A medically important aspect of the FIP1L1 gene is its fusion with other genes to form fusion genes which cause clonal hypereosinophilia and leukemic diseases in humans.
DAZ-associated protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DAZAP1 gene.
RCC1 and BTB domain-containing protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RCBTB1 gene.
SPRY domain-containing protein 7 (SPRYD7) also known as chronic lymphocytic leukemia deletion region gene 6 protein (CLLD6) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPRYD7 gene.
Deleted in lymphocytic leukemia 1 is a long non-coding RNA that in humans is encoded by the DLEU2 gene. In humans it is located on chromosome 13q14. The DLEU2 gene was originally identified as a potential tumour suppressor gene and is often deleted in patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Bromodomain and WD repeat-containing protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BRWD3 gene.
CD180 antigen is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD180 gene.
TGF beta-inducible nuclear protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NSA2 gene.
An oncomir is a microRNA (miRNA) that is associated with cancer. MicroRNAs are short RNA molecules about 22 nucleotides in length. Essentially, miRNAs specifically target certain messenger RNAs (mRNAs) to prevent them from coding for a specific protein. The dysregulation of certain microRNAs (oncomirs) has been associated with specific cancer forming (oncogenic) events. Many different oncomirs have been identified in numerous types of human cancers.
In molecular biology MicroRNA-223 (miR-223) is a short RNA molecule. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms. miR-223 is a hematopoietic specific microRNA with crucial functions in myeloid lineage development. It plays an essential role in promoting granulocytic differentiation while also being associated with the suppression of erythrocytic differentiation. miR-223 is commonly repressed in hepatocellular carcinoma and leukemia. Higher expression levels of miRNA-223 are associated with extranodal marginal-zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue of the stomach and recurrent ovarian cancer. In some cancers the microRNA-223 down-regulation is correlated with higher tumor burden, disease aggressiveness, and poor prognostic factors. MicroRNA-223 is also associated with rheumatoid arthritis, sepsis, type 2 diabetes, and hepatic ischemia.
Clonal hypereosinophilia, also termed primary hypereosinophilia or clonal eosinophilia, is a grouping of hematological disorders all of which are characterized by the development and growth of a pre-malignant or malignant population of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell that occupies the bone marrow, blood, and other tissues. This population consists of a clone of eosinophils, i.e. a group of genetically identical eosinophils derived from a sufficiently mutated ancestor cell.
References
- ↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ Liu Y, Corcoran M, Rasool O, Ivanova G, Ibbotson R, Grandér D, Iyengar A, Baranova A, Kashuba V, Merup M, Wu X, Gardiner A, Mullenbach R, Poltaraus A, Hultström AL, Juliusson G, Chapman R, Tiller M, Cotter F, Gahrton G, Yankovsky N, Zabarovsky E, Einhorn S, Oscier D (Nov 1997). "Cloning of two candidate tumor suppressor genes within a 10 kb region on chromosome 13q14, frequently deleted in chronic lymphocytic leukemia". Oncogene. 15 (20): 2463–2473. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1201643. PMID 9395242. S2CID 21133945.
- ↑ Wolf S, Mertens D, Schaffner C, Korz C, Döhner H, Stilgenbauer S, Lichter P (Jun 2001). "B-cell neoplasia associated gene with multiple splicing (BCMS): the candidate B-CLL gene on 13q14 comprises more than 560 kb covering all critical regions". Human Molecular Genetics. 10 (12): 1275–1285. doi: 10.1093/hmg/10.12.1275 . PMID 11406609.