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Aplastic anemia (AA) is a severe hematologic condition in which the body fails to make blood cells in sufficient numbers. Blood cells are produced in the bone marrow by stem cells that reside there. Aplastic anemia causes a deficiency of all blood cell types: red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
Neutropenia is an abnormally low concentration of neutrophils in the blood. Neutrophils make up the majority of circulating white blood cells and serve as the primary defense against infections by destroying bacteria, bacterial fragments and immunoglobulin-bound viruses in the blood. People with neutropenia are more susceptible to bacterial infections and, without prompt medical attention, the condition may become life-threatening.
Pancytopenia is a medical condition in which there is significant reduction in the number of almost all blood cells.
Aplasia is a birth defect where an organ or tissue is wholly or largely absent. It is caused by a defect in a developmental process.
Factitious disorder imposed on another (FDIA), also known as fabricated or induced illness by carers (FII) and first named as Munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSbP) after Munchausen syndrome, is a mental health disorder in which a caregiver creates the appearance of health problems in another person, typically their child, and sometimes (rarely) when an adult simulates an illness in another adult partner. This might include altering test samples or injuring a child. The caregiver or partner then presents the person as being sick or injured. Permanent injury or death of the victim can occur as a result of the disorder. The behaviour might be motivated by the caregiver or partner seeking sympathy or attention.
Reticulocytopenia is the medical term for an abnormal decrease in circulating red blood cell precursors (reticulocytes) that can lead to anemia due to resulting low red blood cell (erythrocyte) production. Reticulocytopenia may be an isolated finding or it may not be associated with abnormalities in other hematopoietic cell lineages such as those that produce white blood cells (leukocytes) or platelets (thrombocytes), a decrease in all three of these lineages is referred to as pancytopenia.
Gray baby syndrome is a rare but serious, even fatal, side effect that occurs in newborn infants following the accumulation of the antibiotic chloramphenicol. Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that has been used to treat a variety of bacteria infections like Streptococcus pneumoniae as well as typhoid fever, meningococcal sepsis, cholera, and eye infections. Chloramphenicol works by binding to ribosomal subunits which blocks transfer ribonucleic acid (RNA) and prevents the synthesis of bacterial proteins. Chloramphenicol has also been used to treat neonates born before 37 weeks of the gestational period for prophylactic purposes. In 1958, newborns born prematurely due to rupture of the amniotic sac were given chloramphenicol to prevent possible infections, and it was noticed that these newborns had a higher mortality rate compared with those who were not treated with the antibiotic. Over the years, chloramphenicol has been used less in clinical practice due to the risks of toxicity not only to neonates, but also to adults due to the risk of aplastic anemia. Chloramphenicol is now reserved to treat certain severe bacteria infections that were not successfully treated with other antibiotic medications.
"Lines in the Sand" is the fourth episode of the third season of House and the fiftieth episode overall. The episode aired on Fox on September 26, 2006.
"Hunting" is the seventh episode of the second season of House, and twenty-ninth overall. It premiered on Fox on November 22, 2005, and was written by Liz Friedman and directed by Gloria Muzio. House is confronted by a homosexual man who demands treatment when other doctors diagnose him with AIDS, something he admits he does have. House begins making moves on Stacy using sensitive information on her relationship with Mark.
"Paternity" is the second episode of the medical drama House, which was first broadcast on Fox on November 23, 2004. A teenage boy is struck on the head in a lacrosse game and is found to have hallucinations and night terrors that are not due to concussion.
"Finding Judas" is the ninth episode of the third season of House and the fifty-fifth episode overall. The episode aired on Fox on November 28, 2006.
"Mirror Mirror" is the fifth episode of the fourth season of House and the seventy-fifth episode overall. It aired on Fox on October 30, 2007.
"Not Cancer" is the second episode of the fifth season of House and the eighty-eighth episode overall. It aired on Fox on September 23, 2008.
"Last Resort" is the ninth episode of the fifth season of House and the ninety-fifth episode overall. It aired on Fox on November 25, 2008. This episode is an "extended episode" as it runs for an extra seven minutes, taking the total episode's length without ads to 50 minutes.
"Locked In" is the nineteenth episode of the fifth season of House. It aired on Fox on March 30, 2009. Large portions of the episode are shown from the perspective of the patient, who retains consciousness but lacks the ability to move. After discovering the patient in an emergency room while being treated for injuries related to a motorbike crash, House's team move the patient to Princeton Plainsboro and attempts to diagnose him. During the course of treatment, the team discovers several medically relevant secrets about the patient. Other plot points focus on Wilson's attempts to discover why House was in Middletown, New York when he crashed, Wilson's new relationship, and the resolution of Taub's resignation from the previous episode.
"The Choice" is the twentieth episode of the sixth season of the American medical drama House and it is the 129th episode overall. It aired on Fox on May 3, 2010. It was written by David Hoselton and directed by Juan J. Campanella. This was the first episode of House since the first seven episodes of season one to garner fewer than 10 million viewers for its initial air date.
"The Dig" is the 18th episode of the seventh season of the American medical drama House. It first aired on Fox on April 11, 2011. This is the 150th episode of the series and marks the return of Thirteen, whose whereabouts have been unknown to House's team for the last year. Wilson and Cuddy do not appear in this episode.
Bone marrow failure occurs in individuals who produce an insufficient amount of red blood cells, white blood cells or platelets. Red blood cells transport oxygen to be distributed throughout the body's tissue. White blood cells fight off infections that enter the body. Bone marrow progenitor cells known as megakaryocytes produce platelets, which trigger clotting, and thus help stop the blood flow when a wound occurs.
"Perils of Paranoia" is the eighth episode of the eighth season of the American television medical drama series House and the 163rd overall episode of the series. It aired on Fox on November 28, 2011.
Neal Stuart Young is an American physician and researcher, chief of the Hematology Branch of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and Director of the Center for Human Immunology at the NIH in Bethesda, Maryland. He is primarily known for his work in the pathophysiology and treatment of aplastic anemia, and is also known for his contributions to the pathophysiology of parvovirus B19 infection.
References
- ↑ "Weekly Program Rankings". ABC Medianet . December 20, 2005. Retrieved July 8, 2009.
