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Delhi Accord was a tripartite agreement (verbal) in Delhi after mutual agreement between Ranas, Nepali congress party and King Tribhuban.[ citation needed ]
| | This article needs additional citations for verification .(February 2021) |
Delhi Accord was a tripartite agreement (verbal) in Delhi after mutual agreement between Ranas, Nepali congress party and King Tribhuban.[ citation needed ]
The Rana regime of Nepal started in 1846 when Jung Bahadur Rana assumed full power after the Kot massacre. This reduced the status of the king to a mere figurehead and vested all powers in the hands of the hereditary prime ministers of the Rana family. This regime was highly authoritarian, isolationist and oppressive. The Rana prime ministers restricted education to just the members of the Rana family and some other aristocrats, executed and imprisoned any objectors and held the royal family captive. In time, anti-Rana sentiments grew strong among aristocrats who worked with Nepalis living in India to fuel a revolution against the oppressive regime. King Tribhuvan's anti-Rana attitude had been an open secret for a long time in Nepal. On November 10, 1950, he took refuge at the Indian embassy against the restrictions imposed on him by the Ranas. He was accompanied by his son Mahendra and eldest grandson Birendra, among a number of other royal family members excluding Gyanendra, the infant son of Crown Prince Mahendra. On 10 November, two Indian planes landed at Gauchar Airport and flew back to New Delhi with the royal family. [1] King Tribhuvan was formally welcomed by the Indian prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru and other high officials.
The major provisions of the Delhi Accord (Agreement) are as follows:
On 15 February 1951, King Tribhuvan and the leading members of the Nepali Congress returned to Kathmandu. Huge flock of supporters gathered and welcome their monarch at the airport. On 18 February 1951, King Tribhuvan announced Nepal's first steps to democracy with a historical proclamation. According to the Delhi accord coalition government was formed. The members of the cabinet were:
From the Nepali Congress side:
This cabinet was reshuffled on 10 June 1951 to replace Baber Shamsher by Shangha Shamsher and Bharatmani Sharma by Surya Prasad Upadhyaya [2]
Finally, On 7th Falgun 2007 B.S. King Tribhuban returned to Nepal as a head of state, thus ended the rana rule. This agreement was one of the major stepping stone for the power shift of government from the autocratic families
The Kingdom of Nepal was a Hindu kingdom in South Asia, formed in 1768 by the expansion of Gorkha Kingdom, which lasted until 2008 when the kingdom became the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. It was also known as the Gorkha Empire, or sometimes Asal Hindustan. Founded by King Prithvi Narayan Shah, a Gorkha monarch who claimed to be of Khas Thakuri origin, it existed for 240 years until the abolition of the Nepalese monarchy in 2008. During this period, Nepal was formally under the rule of the Shah dynasty, which exercised varying degrees of power during the kingdom's existence.
Tribhuvan Bir Bikram Shah was King of Nepal from 11 December 1911 until his death. Born in Kathmandu, the capital city of Nepal, he ascended to the throne at the age of five, upon the death of his father, Prithvi Bir Bikram Shah, and was crowned on 20 February 1913 at the Nasal Chowk, Hanuman Dhoka Palace in Kathmandu, with his mother acting as regent. At the time of his crowning, the position of monarch was largely ceremonial, with the real governing power residing with the Rana family.
The Nepali Congress is a social democratic political party in Nepal and the largest party in the country. The party has 870,106 members as of the party's 14th general convention in December 2021 making them the largest party by membership in Nepal.
Field-Marshal Shree Shree Shree Maharaja Sir Mohan Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana, GCB, GCIE, GBE was the prime minister and foreign minister of Nepal from 30 April 1948 until 12 November 1951.
The Shah dynasty, also known as the Shahs of Gorkha or the Royal House of Gorkha, was the ruling Chaubise Thakuri dynasty ; and the founder of Gorkha Kingdom from 1559 to 1768 and later the unified Kingdom of Nepal from 1768 to 28 May 2008.
The Rana dynasty was a Chhetri dynasty that imposed totalitarianism in the Kingdom of Nepal from 1846 until 1951, reducing the Shah monarch to a figurehead and making the Prime Minister and other government positions held by the Ranas hereditary. They are Kshatriya, whose ancestor descended from the Ranas of Udaipur, Rajasthan. Rana dynasty is historically known for the iron-fisted rule. This changed after the Revolution of 1951 with the promulgation of a new constitution, when power shifted back to the monarchy of King Tribhuvan.
Subarna Shamsher Rana was a leading figure in the movement to overthrow the ruling Rana oligarchy and to establish democracy in Nepal. He was one of the three leaders of the Nepali Congress in the late 1940s, opposing his relatives, the Rana family, who held power in Nepal at the time.
Sir Baber Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana, GCVO, GBE, KCSI, KCIE was a member of the Rana dynasty who served as the Minister of Defence of Nepal in 1951. A prominent member of the Rana oligarchy, he fought valiantly in the First World War. He was the second son of Maharaja Sir Chandra Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana and Bada Maharani Chandra Loka Bhakta Lakshmi Devi. He was the younger brother of Maharaja Sir Mohan Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana and older brother of Field Marshal Sir Kaiser Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana.
Field-Marshal His Highness Maharaja Sri Teen Chandra Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana was the Prime Minister of Nepal from the Rana dynasty. He served in this capacity from 27 June 1901 to his death in 1929 after he successfully deposed his liberal and reformist brother Dev Shamsher. Although generally perceived as despotic and conservative, he is credited with several reforms including the abolition of slavery and establishing the Nepal-Britain Treaty of 1923, which recognised Nepal as an independent nation and an ally of Britain.
Kunwar Indrajit Singh, popularly known as Dr. K.I. Singh or just K.I. Singh was a Nepali politician and revolutionary who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Nepal in 1957. He was key Nepali Congress in organizing the 1951 Nepali Revolution, and was a leader in its militant wing, the Muktisena, who later refused to recognize the Delhi Accord and was forced to flee the country following a revolt he took part in. In 1955 he returned and formed the United Democratic Party, and following the installation of the Panchayat system he agitated for its end, for which he was jailed. Following his release, he went into self-imposed exile, and much later returned to Nepal and was elected a member to the Rastriya Panchayat. He was known as the "Robin Hood of the Himalayas", and was very popular throughout the country.
Matrika Prasad Koirala was the Prime Minister of Nepal for two terms from 16 November 1951 to 14 August 1952 and again from 15 June 1953 to 11 April 1955.
Tanka Prasad Acharya was a Nepali politician who served as the 19th Prime Minister of Nepal from 1956 to 1957. He was one of the founders and the leader of the Nepal Praja Parishad, the first political party in Nepal with the goal of removing the Rana Dynasty's dictatorship.
The Nepal Praja Parishad was the first attempt to form an organization to lead the revolution against the Rana dynasty in Nepal. Led by Tanka Prasad Acharya, the group was founded in 1936, and is seen as the first political party in Nepal. The organisation collapsed after their plot to assassinate multiple members of the Rana regime was discovered, and some of its key members were executed.
The Biratnagar Jute Mill Strike of March 1947 was a labour strike in Biratnagar, Nepal, by workers and laborers of Biratnagar Jute Mill, Ltd. The strike was initially against the management regarding labor rights, but gradually turned into a nationwide anti-regime movement.
The revolution of 1951 in Nepal, also referred to as Sat Salko Kranti, was a political movement against the direct rule by the Rana dynasty of Nepal which had lasted for 104 years. It marks the beginning of the political awakening and democratic movements in Nepal, and resulted in immediate abolition of the institutionalized hereditary Prime Minister system in Nepal.
Bhadrakali Mishra was a Nepali politician. In his political career lasting more than 50 years, several of which were in exile, he held numerous ministerial portfolios and was also the Chairman of King Birendra's Raj Parishad Standing Committee after the establishment of multi-party democracy in 1990.
Mohan Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana formed the first government of Nepal after the 1951 democracy movement. The government was formed by the proclamation of King Tribhuvan on 17 February 1951 and incorporated members of the Rana regime and the Nepali Congress. The king retained the right to dissolve the cabinet at any time and the cabinet would be responsible to him and the prime minister was to inform the king of all decisions.
Nepal Democratic Congress was a political party in Nepal. It was formed by Subarna Shamsher Rana, Surya Prasad Upadhyaya, Mahendra Bikram Shah and others from Rana-Shah family.
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4. Autobiography: B. P. Koirala