Dental anesthesiology

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Dental anesthesiology is the specialty of dentistry that deals with the advanced use of general anesthesia, sedation and pain management to facilitate dental procedures.

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In the United States, a dentist anesthesiologist is a dentist who has successfully completed an accredited postdoctoral anesthesiology residency program of three or more years duration, in accordance with the Commission on Dental Accreditation's standards or meets the eligibility requirements for examination by the American Dental Board of Anesthesiology. [1]

An anesthesiologist not only has a wide arsenal of anesthesia techniques, but is also a specialist in monitoring the patient's condition during procedures. [2] It monitors the indicators of functional systems of the patient's body, maintains its stable condition and prevents possible complications. [3] [4] Аn anesthesiologist in dentistry works closely with the rest of the specialists, such as implant surgeons, pediatric dentists, and adult therapists. [5] [6] Acting as a guarantor of patient safety and comfort, the participation in the treatment process allows for high quality dental care.

The anesthesiologist chooses the drug for general anesthesia in advance. [7] [8] The method of administration depends on this: inhalation through a mask or intravenous injection. [9] At the beginning of treatment, the anesthesiologist puts the patient into a state of sleep or comfortable half-sleep. [10] [11] The patient's vital signs are then monitored with a heart monitor throughout the procedure. Surveillance is conducted in accordance with the expanded Harvard protocol.

General anesthesia is performed only by a qualified anesthesia team consisting of a physician anesthesiologist and a nurse anesthetist, who accompany the patient from the moment of falling asleep to full awakening.

The drugs used in anesthesiology today have a high safety profile.

United States and Canada

Dental Anesthesiology is a recognized specialty of dentistry in both the United States and Canada. The American Dental Board of Anesthesiology (ADBA) examines and certifies dentists who complete an accredited program of anesthesiology training in the United States or Canada. Dentists may then apply for board certification through the ADBA which requires ongoing and continual post-graduate education for maintenance. [12]

The American Society of Dentist Anesthesiologists is the only organization that represents dentists with three or more years of anesthesiology training. [13]

Dental Anesthesiology was the first specialty of dentistry to be recognized by both the American Board of Dental Specialties [14] and the National Commission on Recognition of Dental Specialties and Certifying Boards. [15]

See also

Related Research Articles

Sedation is the reduction of irritability or agitation by administration of sedative drugs, generally to facilitate a medical procedure or diagnostic procedure. Examples of drugs which can be used for sedation include isoflurane, diethyl ether, propofol, etomidate, ketamine, pentobarbital, lorazepam and midazolam.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dentist</span> Health care occupations caring for the mouth and teeth

A dentist, also known as a dental surgeon, is a health care professional who specializes in dentistry, the branch of medicine focused on the teeth, gums, and mouth. The dentist's supporting team aids in providing oral health services. The dental team includes dental assistants, dental hygienists, dental technicians, and sometimes dental therapists.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anesthesiology</span> Medical specialty concerned with anesthesia and perioperative care

Anesthesiology, anaesthesiology or anaesthesia is the medical specialty concerned with the total perioperative care of patients before, during and after surgery. It encompasses anesthesia, intensive care medicine, critical emergency medicine, and pain medicine. A physician specialized in anesthesiology is called an anesthesiologist, anaesthesiologist, or anaesthetist, depending on the country. In some countries, the terms are synonymous, while in other countries, they refer to different positions and anesthetist is only used for non-physicians, such as nurse anesthetists.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nurse anesthetist</span> Advanced Practice Registered Nurse with expertise in anesthesia

A nurse anesthetist is an advanced practice nurse who administers anesthesia for surgery or other medical procedures. They are involved in the administration of anesthesia in a majority of countries, with varying levels of autonomy. Nurse anesthetists provide all services of anesthesia for patients before, during, and after surgery. Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists, (CRNA) are dedicated to the safe administration of anesthesia delivery and work within a diverse team. They are dedicated to patient advocacy, safety and professional development. In some localities, nurse anesthetists provide anesthesia to patients independently; in others they do so under the supervision of physicians. In the United States, the physician may be an anesthesiologist, surgeon, or podiatrist. The International Federation of Nurse Anesthetists was established in 1989 as a forum for developing standards of education, practice, and a code of ethics.

Oral and maxillofacial surgery is a surgical specialty focusing on reconstructive surgery of the face, facial trauma surgery, the mouth, head and neck, and jaws, as well as facial plastic surgery including cleft lip and cleft palate surgery.

Prosthodontics, also known as dental prosthetics or prosthetic dentistry, is the area of dentistry that focuses on dental prostheses. It is one of 12 dental specialties recognized by the American Dental Association (ADA), Royal College of Surgeons of England, Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland, Royal College of Surgeons of Glasgow, Royal College of Dentists of Canada, and Royal Australasian College of Dental Surgeons. The ADA defines it as "the dental specialty pertaining to the diagnosis, treatment planning, rehabilitation and maintenance of the oral function, comfort, appearance and health of patients with clinical conditions associated with missing or deficient teeth or oral and maxillofacial tissues using biocompatible substitutes."

A number of professional degrees in dentistry are offered by dental schools in various countries around the world.

The University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine is the dental school of the University of Pittsburgh (Pitt). It is located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. It is one of Pitt's six schools of the health sciences and one of several dental schools in Pennsylvania. It is closely affiliated with the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. The School of Dental Medicine accepted 3.6% of applicants for the class of 2016, a record low for the school's entire history.

The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) is a professional association of physicians in the field of anesthesiology.

In the United States, anesthesia can be administered by physician anesthesiologists, an anesthesiologist assistant, or nurse anesthetist.

Restorative dentistry is the study, diagnosis and integrated management of diseases of the teeth and their supporting structures and the rehabilitation of the dentition to functional and aesthetic requirements of the individual. Restorative dentistry encompasses the dental specialties of endodontics, periodontics and prosthodontics and its foundation is based upon how these interact in cases requiring multifaceted care. This may require the close input from other dental specialties such as orthodontics, paediatric dentistry and special care dentistry, as well as surgical specialties such as oral and maxillofacial surgery.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pediatric dentistry</span> Branch of dentistry

Pediatric dentistry is the branch of dentistry dealing with children from birth through adolescence. The specialty of pediatric dentistry is recognized by the American Dental Association, Royal College of Dentists of Canada, and Royal Australasian College of Dental Surgeons.

Sedation dentistry refers to the use of pharmacological agents to induce relaxation and often sleep in a patient prior to and during a dental appointment. The pharmacological agents used differ depending on patient, level of sedation desired and medical professional administering the sedation medications. The medications can belong to a class of drugs called sedatives, which exert their action by depressing the central nervous system, specifically those areas concerned with conscious awareness. Medications used to obtain sedation often include a benzodiazepine, opioids, dissociative and anti-histamines.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dentistry in the United States</span>

The practice of dentistry in the United States is overseen by several agencies, including the American Dental Association, the Commission on Dental Accreditation, and the regional boards. Ultimate licensure is the responsibility of individual states. There are roughly 190,000 practicing dentists in the United States.

The American Association of Nurse Anesthesiology (AANA), previously named the American Association of Nurse Anesthetists, is a professional association for nurse anesthetists in the United States. The organization states that it has a membership of more than 62,000 and represents approximately 90% of CRNAs in the United States. The AANA headquarters is currently located in Rosemont, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago.

In periodontics, there are four reasons to seek medication. Those four reasons include infection, swelling, pain, and sedation. Although some patients may experience pain, swelling, and infection as a result of an acute periodontal problem such as advanced periodontal disease, periodontic patients usually do not need medication until they are faced with surgery. For successful surgery, medication is then introduced prior to the operation, usually the morning before the procedure and is continued for up to two weeks after.

Oral sedation dentistry is a medical procedure involving the administration of sedative drugs via an oral route, generally to facilitate a dental procedure and reduce patients anxiety related to the experience. Oral sedation is one of the available methods of conscious sedation dentistry, along with inhalation sedation and conscious intravenous sedation. Benzodiazepines are commonly used, specifically triazolam. Triazolam is commonly selected for its rapid onset and limited duration of effect. An initial dose is usually taken approximately one hour before the dental appointment. Treatment may include additional dosing on the night proceeding the procedure, to mitigate anxiety-related insomnia. The procedure is generally recognized as safe, with the effective dosages being below levels sufficient to impair breathing.

In the United States and Canada, there are twelve recognized dental specialties in which some dentists choose to train and practice, in addition to or instead of general dentistry. In the United Kingdom and Australia, there are thirteen.

The American Dental Society of Anesthesiology (ADSA) is an American professional association established in 1953 and based in Chicago.

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to anesthesia:

References

  1. ↑ "National Uniform Claim Committee - New: 1/1/2013". Archived from the original on 2013-10-23. Retrieved 2013-10-22.
  2. ↑ "What Is an Anesthesiologist? Understanding This Surgical Care Role". www.sgu.edu. Retrieved 2024-11-04.
  3. ↑ "Know Your Anesthesiologist". tsa.org. Retrieved 2024-11-04.
  4. ↑ "How to Become An Anesthesiologist: Training, Licensing, and Certification Requirements". medicalaid.org. Retrieved 2024-11-04.
  5. ↑ "Oral Health and Dental Specialists". www.urmc.rochester.edu. Retrieved 2024-11-04.
  6. ↑ "What Is a Dentist Anesthesiologist?". www.dentistrytoday.com. Retrieved 2024-11-04.
  7. ↑ "Indications and contraindications to anesthesia in dentistry". medexpert.by. Retrieved 2024-11-04.
  8. ↑ "Anesthesia in dentistry". avdentalwellness.com. Retrieved 2024-11-04.
  9. ↑ "Sedation and Anesthesia for the Adolescent Dental Patient". pocketdentistry.com. Retrieved 2024-11-04.
  10. ↑ "Dental Sedation". www.dentaly.org. Retrieved 2024-11-04.
  11. ↑ "How dental treatment is carried out during sleep for children and adults – articles from the medical directory on dentistry". siriusdentclinic.com. Retrieved 2024-11-04.
  12. ↑ "About the ADBA". Adba.org. Archived from the original on 2016-03-08. Retrieved 2016-08-27.
  13. ↑ "American Society of Dentist Anesthesiologists". Asdahq.org. Retrieved 2016-08-27.
  14. ↑ "Member Boards | American Board of Dental Specialties". dentalspecialties.org. Retrieved 2016-07-10.
  15. ↑ "Anesthesiology recognized as a dental specialty". www.ada.org. Archived from the original on 2019-09-21. Retrieved 2019-03-12.
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