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Bhaktapur,known locally as Khwopa and historically called Bhatgaon,is a city in the east corner of the Kathmandu Valley in Nepal located about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) from the capital city,Kathmandu. Bhaktapur is the smallest city of Nepal as well the most densely populated. Along with Kathmandu and Lalitpur,Bhaktapur is one of the three main cities of the Kathmandu Valley and is a major Newar settlement of the country. The city is also known for its Newar tradition,cuisine and artisans. Bhaktapur suffered heavy damage in the April 2015 earthquake.
Jayasthiti Malla,also spelled Jayasthitimalla,was the eleventh Malla king of Nepal. His absolute rule over the valley began after deposing Jayarjunadeva in 1382 until his death in 1395.
The Malla dynasty was the ruling dynasty of the Kathmandu Valley in Nepal from 1201 to 1779. They were a Raghuvanshi dynasty who were seen as the descendants of the Licchavi dynasty. Later Malla kings also traced one section of their lineage from Nanyadeva,the founder of the Karnat dynasty of Mithila. The term malla means wrestler in Sanskrit. The first use of the word malla in the Kathmandu Valley begins from 1201. The Malla period was a golden one that stretched over 600 years,as they presided over and flourished the Newar civilization of Nepal Mandala which developed as one of the most sophisticated urban civilisation in the Himalayan foothills and a key destination in the India-Tibet trade route.
Jaya Prakash Malla was the last king of Kantipur which corresponds to present-day Kathmandu. He ruled from 1736 to 1746 after succeeding his father Jagajjaya Malla,and then from 1750 until his death in 1769.
Jayadharma Malla was the son of Jayasthiti Malla and the twelfth Malla king of Nepal.
Abhaya Malla was the son of Aridev Malla the second Malla king of Nepal. He succeeded his father in 1216 and died during the 1255 earthquake which wiped out one third of the population of the Kathmandu Valley.
Jayadeva Malla was the son of Abhaya Malla and the third Malla king of Nepal. He started his reign after his father died in the 1255 earthquake until his death in 1258.
Harisimhadeva was a King of the Karnat dynasty who ruled the Mithila region of modern-day North Bihar in India and parts of South Nepal.
Karnat or Karnata dynasty was a dynasty established in 1097 CE by Nanyadeva. The dynasty had two capitals which were Simraungadh in Bara District of Nepal and Darbhanga,Bihar which became the second capital during the reign of Gangadeva. The kingdom controlled the areas we today know as Tirhut or Mithila in Bihar state of India and Nepal. This region is bounded by the Mahananda River in the east,the Ganges in the south,the Gandaki River in the west and by the Himalayas in the North. Under the Karnats,Mithila enjoyed almost full sovereignty from 1097 until 1324.
The Kingdom of Lalitpur,also known as Patan, was a kingdom ruled by the Malla dynasty of Nepal. It was established in 1482 after King Yaksha Malla's death. His sons divided the kingdom into four parts:Bhaktapur,Kantipur,Lalitpur,and Banepa.
In the 11th century,a powerful empire of Khas people emerged in western Nepal whose territory at its highest peak included much of western Nepal as well as parts of western Tibet and Uttarakhand of India. By the 14th century,the empire had splintered into loosely associated Baise rajyas,literally 22 states as they were counted. The rich culture and language of the Khas people spread throughout Nepal and as far as Indo-China in the intervening centuries;their language,later renamed the Nepali language,became the lingua franca of Nepal as well as much of North-east India. In south-eastern Nepal,Simraungarh annexed Mithila around 1100 AD,and the unified Tirhut stood as a powerful kingdom for more than 200 years,even ruling over Kathmandu for a time. After another 300 years of Muslim rule,Tirhut came under the control of the Sens of Makawanpur. In the eastern hills,a confederation of Kirat principalities ruled the area between Kathmandu and Bengal.
The Kingdom of Bhaktapur,also known as Bhadgaon,was a kingdom ruled by the Malla dynasty of Nepal from 15th century until its annexation in the 18th century. It was established in 1482 after King Yaksha Malla died and his sons divided the valley into four kingdoms:Bhaktapur,Kantipur,Patan,and Banepa. Banepa,however,was soon annexed by or submitted itself to Bhaktapur.
Ananta Malla was the sixth Malla king of Nepal. He succeeded Jayasimha Malla and reigned from 1271 until his death in 1308.
Yoga Narendra Malla,also known as Yoganarendra,was a Malla dynasty king and the King of Patan. He was the son of Srinivasa Malla and reigned on Patan from 1685 until his death in 1705.
Vishnu Malla was a Malla dynasty king and the King of Patan. He succeeded Yoga Prakash Malla and reigned from 1729 until his death in 1745.
Jayabhimadeva was the fourth king of Nepal after Arideva Malla,in which period the Malla dynasty was prominent. He succeeded Jayadeva Malla and reigned from 1258 to 1271.
Jayanandadeva, also known as Jayananda Deva,was the seventh king of Nepal after Arideva Malla,in which period the Malla dynasty was prominent. He succeeded Ananta Malla and reigned from 1313 to 1320.
Jayari Malla,also known as Ari Malla II,was a son of Ananta Malla and the eighth king of Nepal. Jayari succeeded Jayanandadeva and reigned as a powerless monarch from 1320 to 1344.
Jayarajadeva,also known as Jayaraja,was an illegitimate son of Jayanandadeva,and the ninth king of Nepal. Jayaraja succeeded Jayari Malla and reigned as a powerless monarch from 1348 until his death in 1361.
Jayarjunadeva,also known as Jayarjuna,was the son of Jayarajadeva and the tenth king of Nepal. Jayarjuna succeeded his father in 1360 and reigned until his deposition in 1381.
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Notes
- ↑ The then monarch was Jayari Malla who was installed as a puppet ruler by Jayarudra Malla.