Gallic acid (also known as 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) is a trihydroxybenzoic acid, a type of phenolic acid, found in gallnuts, sumac, witch hazel, tea leaves, oak bark, and other plants. The chemical formula of gallic acid is C6H2(OH)3COOH. It is found both free and as part of hydrolyzable tannins. The gallic acid groups are usually bonded to form dimers such as ellagic acid. Hydrolyzable tannins break down on hydrolysis to give gallic acid and glucose or ellagic acid and glucose, known as gallotannins and ellagitannins, respectively.
In enzymology, a beta-glucogallin O-galloyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
Cornus officinalis is a species of dogwood known also as Japanese cornel or Japanese cornelian cherry or Cornelian cherries, not to be confused with C. mas, which is also known as the "Cornelian cherry." The correct term would be Korean cornel dogwood or Chinese cornel dogwood since the flower originated from Korea and China.
Digallic acid is a polyphenolic compound found in Pistacia lentiscus. Digallic acid is also present in the molecule of tannic acid. Digalloyl esters involve either -meta or -para depside bonds.
A gallotannin is any of a class of molecules belonging to the hydrolysable tannins. Gallotannins are polymers formed when gallic acid, a polyphenol monomer, esterifies and binds with the hydroxyl group of a polyol carbohydrate such as glucose.
The ellagitannins are a diverse class of hydrolyzable tannins, a type of polyphenol formed primarily from the oxidative linkage of galloyl groups in 1,2,3,4,6-pentagalloyl glucose. Ellagitannins differ from gallotannins, in that their galloyl groups are linked through C-C bonds, whereas the galloyl groups in gallotannins are linked by depside bonds.
Pentagalloyl glucose may refer to:
Glucogallin is chemical compound formed from gallic acid and β-D-glucose. It can be found in oaks species like the North American white oak, European red oak and Amla fruit.
Quercus infectoria, the Aleppo oak, is a species of oak, bearing galls that have been traditionally used for centuries in Asia medicinally. Manjakani is the name used in Malaysia for the galls; these have been used for centuries in softening leather and in making black dye and ink. In India the galls are called majuphal among many other names.
Rhus chinensis, the Chinese sumac, or nutgall tree, is a plant species in the genus Rhus.
1,2,6-Trigalloyl glucose is a gallotannin found in cell cultures of Cornus officinalis.
1,2,3,4,6-Pentagalloylglucose is the pentagallic acid ester of glucose. It is a gallotannin and the precursor of ellagitannins.
1,3,6-Trigalloyl glucose is a gallotannin. It can be found in Paeonia lactiflora and Terminalia chebula.
Ascalenia antiqua is a moth in the family Cosmopterigidae. It is found in Israel and Egypt.
Amblypalpis olivierella, the tamarix spindle-gall moth, is a species of moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Émile Louis Ragonot in 1886. It is found in Tunisia, Algeria, Libya, the Sinai, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, northern Yemen and the United Arab Emirates, Iran, India and Pakistan.
Teleiodes excentricella is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in Libya, Armenia and Turkmenistan.
Ornativalva pharaonis is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Sattler in 1967. It is found in Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Sudan and Israel.
