Dippel's oil

Dippel's oil (sometimes referred to as bone oil) is a nitrogenous by-product of the destructive distillation of bones ^[1] and other parts of animal carcasses.

The oil is named after its inventor, Johann Konrad Dippel. It is derived by multiple destillations from raw animal oil ("oleum animale foetidum crudum"), a dark, viscous, tar-like liquid with an unpleasant smell, consisting of aliphatic chains, with nitrogen functional groups including pyrroles, pyridines and nitriles, as well as other nitrogenous compounds. ^[1]

Oleum animale foetidum crudum had a number of uses, which are mostly obsolete. Its primary use was as an animal and insect repellent. It saw limited use as a chemical warfare harassing agent during the desert campaign of World War II. The oil was used to render wells undrinkable and thus deny their use to the enemy. ^{[2] [3]} By not being lethal, the oil was claimed to not be in breach of the Geneva Protocol.

See also

• Neatsfoot oil, another bone-derived oil
• Bone char, what remains after the distillation of the bones

References

1. Purevsuren, B; Avid, B; Gerelmaa, T; Davaajav, Ya; Morgan, T.J; Herod, A.A; Kandiyoti, R (May 2004). "The characterisation of tar from the pyrolysis of animal bones". Fuel. 83 (7–8): 799–805. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2003.10.011.
2. UK War Cabinet (22 August 1940). "Note on Method of Dealing with Drinking Water" (PDF). THE MIDDLE EAST : DIRECTIVE TO THE COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF. Annex 1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 October 2009. Retrieved 20 March 2010.
3. "War diary of New Zealand Engineers, Western Desert Railway". 26 May 1942. Drew sterilising powder and other assorted poisons to adulterate our drinking water and took some to wells.