Dix Dam

Last updated
Dix Dam
USA Kentucky relief location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Location of Dix Dam in Kentucky
Location Mercer and Garrard County, Kentucky
Coordinates 37°47′07″N84°42′14″W / 37.78528°N 84.70389°W / 37.78528; -84.70389
Construction began1923
Opening date1927
Operator(s) Kentucky Utilities
Dam and spillways
Impounds Dix River
Height287 ft (87 m)
Length1,087 ft (331 m)
Width (base)750 ft (230 m)
Reservoir
Creates Herrington Lake
Total capacity537,000 acre⋅ft (662,000,000 m3)
Surface area2,335 acres (945 ha)

The Dix Dam is a dam on the Dix River located between Mercer and Garrard County, Kentucky. It was constructed to generate hydroelectricity and prevent flooding of the Kentucky River but is better known for creating Herrington Lake.

Contents

History

Dix Dam was built to create a reservoir for operating a hydroelectric generating station. The dam also helped mitigate flooding on the Kentucky River by holding water in Herrington Lake during critical periods. Construction began in the fall of 1923, impoundment of water began on March 17, 1925, and the project was completed and power generation began in October 1927. [1] The project cost more than US $7 million. [2]

Dix Dam was constructed by Kentucky Utilities, a private corporation prior to the Great Depression. Consequently, Kentucky Utilities owns the land beneath Herrington Lake up to the maximum possible lake level of 760 feet (230 m) above sea level. It also owns Dix Dam. [1]

When Dix Dam was built, it was the largest rock filled dam in the world. The top of the dam is 287 feet (87 m) above the riverbed and 1,087 feet (331 m) across and is 24 feet (7.3 m) wide at the top and 750 feet (230 m) wide at its base. Herrington Lake is the deepest lake in Kentucky. It is 35 miles (56 km) long, up to 1,200 feet (370 m) wide, covers 2,335 acres (945 ha) and has 325 miles (523 km) of shoreline. It is deepest near the Dix Dam with water depth of 249 feet (76 m) and has a mean depth of 78 feet (24 m). The estimated capacity of the lake is 175,000,000,000 US gallons (660,000,000 m3). [1]

The hydroelectric generating station was originally designed to produce 30 megawatts of power. Over time other generating plants were constructed near the dam and the facility was named E. W. Brown Generating Station. [2] A coal-fired generator was added to the Brown Plant in 1957. More recently, a combustion turbine generating facility was added with six turbine units - four more are planned. They are fueled by either natural gas or fuel oil. [3]

Kentucky Utilities' systems control center has been located inside the Dix Dam plant since the 1920s. In 1954, they built a new control center near the dam. Subsequently, they have modernized and computerized the control center. [2]

In 1991, Kentucky Utilities constructed a fish ladder in the Dix River near the dam as part of the Aquatic Habitat Enhancement Project, with the aim of protecting and increasing the trout population in the Dix River. [2]

Current status

The original hydroelectric plant is now used mainly when heavy rainfall results in above normal lake elevation. The plant was overhauled in 2010 and now produces up to 33 megawatts of power with all three units on. The three coal-fired generators can produce 700 megawatts of electricity, more than one-fifth of KU's total capacity. An average of 15,000,000 short tons (1.4×1010 kg) of coal is burned annually at Brown Station. Four of the combustion turbine units can deliver 110 megawatts each; the other two can produce 164 megawatts each. During periods of high demand, the combustion turbines can be started and come to full load in just 30 minutes. [3]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Power station</span> Facility generating electric power

A power station, also referred to as a power plant and sometimes generating station or generating plant, is an industrial facility for the generation of electric power. Power stations are generally connected to an electrical grid.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Underground power station</span>

An underground power station is a type of hydroelectric power station constructed by excavating the major components from rock, rather than the more common surface-based construction methods.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manitoba Hydro</span> Electric power and natural gas utility company in Manitoba, Canada

The Manitoba Hydro-Electric Board, operating as Manitoba Hydro, is the electric power and natural gas utility in the province of Manitoba, Canada. Founded in 1961, it is a provincial Crown Corporation, governed by the Manitoba Hydro-Electric Board and the Manitoba Hydro Act. Today the company operates 16 interconnected generating stations. It has more than 527,000 electric power customers and more than 263,000 natural gas customers. Since most of the electrical energy is provided by hydroelectric power, the utility has low electricity rates. Stations in Northern Manitoba are connected by a HVDC system, the Nelson River Bipole, to customers in the south. The internal staff are members of the Canadian Union of Public Employees Local 998 while the outside workers are members of the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Local 2034.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lake Chelan Dam</span> Dam in Chelan, Washington

Lake Chelan Dam officially known as the Lake Chelan Hydroelectric Project is located approximately 32 miles (51 km) north of the city of Wenatchee in Chelan County. The dam is located at the lower or southeasterly end of 50.4 miles long Lake Chelan, and is within the limits of the city of Chelan. The powerhouse is located near the community of Chelan Falls. The reservoir has 677,400 acre-feet (835,600,000 m3) of usable water storage. The 10-year average generation for the Project is 365,000 megawatt hours.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Carters Dam</span> Dam in Murray County, Georgia

Carters Dam is an earthen embankment dam located south of Chatsworth in Murray County and west of Ellijay in northwestern Georgia, United States, that creates Carters Lake.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Folsom Powerhouse State Historic Park</span> United States historic place

Folsom Powerhouse State Historic Park is a historical site preserving an 1895 alternating current (AC) hydroelectric power station—one of the first in the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rubicon Hydroelectric Scheme</span> Hydroelectric scheme in Victoria, Australia

The Rubicon Hydroelectric Scheme is a small run-of-the-river hydroelectric scheme located on the Rubicon and Royston Rivers, north east of Melbourne, 40 km (25 mi) south-west of Alexandra, Victoria, Australia. The scheme commenced in 1922, and was the first state-owned hydroelectric scheme to generate electricity in mainland Australia, and among the first in the world to be remotely controlled. For the first ten years of its operation it supplied on average 16.9% of electricity generated by the State Electricity Commission of Victoria. It is now owned and operated by AGL Energy and contributes approximately 0.02% of Victoria's energy supply.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kentucky Utilities</span>

Kentucky Utilities (KU) is based in Lexington, Kentucky, and provides electricity to 77 counties in Kentucky. KU also serves five counties in Virginia under the name Old Dominion Power. It is owned by LG&E and KU Energy, LLC, which, in turn, is owned by PPL Corporation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Herrington Lake</span> Artificial lake in Kentucky, US

Herrington Lake is a 2,335-acre (9 km2) artificial lake located in Mercer, Garrard and Boyle counties in Kentucky, United States. The lake was created by Kentucky Utilities' damming of the Dix River, a tributary of the Kentucky River, in 1925 to generate hydroelectric power. With a maximum depth of 249 feet (76 m), Herrington Lake is the deepest lake in Kentucky. A short distance below the dam, the Dix River enters the Kentucky River at High Bridge, Kentucky.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Run-of-the-river hydroelectricity</span> Hydroelectric power station

Run-of-river hydroelectricity (ROR) or run-of-the-river hydroelectricity is a type of hydroelectric generation plant whereby little or no water storage is provided. Run-of-the-river power plants may have no water storage at all or a limited amount of storage, in which case the storage reservoir is referred to as pondage. A plant without pondage is subject to seasonal river flows, thus the plant will operate as an intermittent energy source. Conventional hydro uses reservoirs, which regulate water for flood control, dispatchable electrical power, and the provision of fresh water for agriculture.

Maraetai Power Station is a hydroelectric power station on the Waikato River, in the North Island of New Zealand. It is the fifth of the eight hydroelectric power stations on the Waikato River, and at 360 MW, is the largest hydroelectric station on the Waikato.

The Ruacana Hydroelectric Power Station is a hydroelectric power plant near Ruacana in northwest Namibia, close to the Angolan border. Commissioned in 1978, it is by far the largest power station in Namibia. Its operator is NamPower, the Namibian national electric power utility company.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Richard B. Russell Dam</span> Dam in Georgia, USA

Richard B. Russell Dam is a concrete-gravity and embankment dam located on the Savannah River at the border of South Carolina and Georgia, creating Richard B. Russell Lake. The dam was built by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers between 1974 and 1985 for the purposes of flood control, hydroelectricity, recreation, additional stream flow regulation, water supply, and fish and wildlife management. The concrete structure of the dam spans 1,904 feet (580 m) and rises 210 feet (64 m) above the riverbed, housing a hydro-power plant with an installed 600 megawatts (800,000 hp) capacity. The Richard B. Russell Dam is the final large dam completed by the U.S. Army Corps in the Savannah River Basin and lies 30 miles downstream from the Hartwell Dam (1962) and 37 miles (60 km) upstream from the J. Strom Thurmond Dam (1954).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">E. W. Brown Generating Station</span> Electric power plant facility in Kentucky, USA

The E. W. Brown Generating Station is a quad coal-fired power plant, natural gas power plant, solar power plant, and hydro electric plant owned and operated by Kentucky Utilities near Harrodsburg in Mercer County, Kentucky.

Ohio Falls Station is a hydroelectric power station owned by Louisville Gas & Electric (LG&E) and Kentucky Utilities (KU) which is located three miles west of Downtown Louisville, Kentucky. The generating station is located on Shippingport Island at the site of the McAlpine Dam and locks along the Ohio River in Kentucky. The plant was built in 1923 by Byllesby Engineering and Management Corporation and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The plant featured eight 10.4 MW units operating at roughly 13,500 hp per unit. Each unit was composed of Allis-Chalmers turbines and General Electric generators. The plant is located inside the Ohio Natural Wildlife Conservation Area and is considered a large impoundment hydro power plant. The station was built after a canal and dam within the Ohio river in an attempt to allow boats to navigate the 8 ft vertical drop among the falls that spanned 2 miles wide. Production of the canal and dam began in 1825. It was not until a repair on the dam was needed that Louisville engineers had the idea of building a hydroelectric station to harvest the power of the falls.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Crisp County Power Commission</span>

In 1925, after an amendment was made to the Georgian constitution, the Crisp County Power Commission (CCPC) was established. The amendment was the result of a petition made by a group of residents from Crisp County to develop a hydroelectric power system along the Flint River. Georgia government officials decided to build a power-dam in order to satisfy the Crisp County resident's request. The Crisp County Hydroelectric Power Dam, proposed by CCPC, was the first power-dam in the United States to be owned, built and operated by a county.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Minghu Dam</span> Dam in Shuili, Nantou County, Taiwan

The Minghu Dam (Chinese: 明湖水壩; pinyin: Mínghú Shuǐbà, renamed the Takuan Dam, is a concrete gravity dam on the Shuili River located 7 km north of Shuili Township in Nantou County, Taiwan. The reservoir formed by the dam serves as the lower reservoir for the Minhu Pumped Storage Hydro Power Station. Sun Moon Lake serves as the upper reservoir.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abiquiu Dam</span> Dam in Rio Arriba County, New Mexico

Abiquiu Dam is a dam on the Rio Chama, located about 60 miles (97 km) northwest of Santa Fe in Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, USA. Built and operated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), the dam is an earth embankment structure 354 feet (108 m) high and 1,800 feet (550 m) long, containing 11.8 million cubic yards of fill. The dam forms Abiquiu Lake, one of the largest lakes in New Mexico, with a full storage capacity of 1,369,000 acre-feet (1,689,000 dam3) and 5,200 acres (2,100 ha) of water. To date, the reservoir has never filled to capacity, with a record high of 402,258 acre-feet (496,178 dam3), 29.4% of full pool, on June 22, 1987. The dam's primary purpose is flood control, in addition to irrigation and municipal water storage, and hydroelectric generation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Terror Lake Hydroelectric Generating Station</span> Principal power plant for Kodiak Island, Alaska

The Terror Lake Hydroelectric Generating Station is the principal power plant for Kodiak Island, Alaska. The Hydroelectricity station consists of three Pelton runner vertical shaft turbine units rated 11 megawatts each at 1200 feet head. Two units were installed when the station was constructed in 1985, and the third unit rated 11.5 MW was installed in the fall of 2013. The station is owned and operated by the Kodiak Electric Association, Inc., an electrical cooperative owned by its customers. The station is located about 25 miles from the city of Kodiak and is accessible only by air or boat.

Moccasin Dam is a small dam on Moccasin Creek in Tuolumne County, California, in the town of Moccasin, west of Yosemite. It holds the Moccasin Reservoir. The dam, reservoir and associated hydroelectric power plant are part of the Hetch Hetchy Project, which provide water and power to the city of San Francisco. The dam is located near the junction of Highway 120 and Highway 49.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Herrington Lake History". Herrington Lake Conservation League. Archived from the original on 2009-05-02. Retrieved 2008-11-17.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Kentucky Utilities Company". Answers.com. Retrieved 2008-11-17.
  3. 1 2 "KU Power Plant Information: E.W. Brown Generating Station". Kentucky Utilities. Archived from the original on 2008-11-21. Retrieved 2008-11-17.