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John William Polidori was a British writer and physician. He is known for his associations with the Romantic movement and credited by some as the creator of the vampire genre of fantasy fiction. His most successful work was the short story "The Vampyre" (1819), the first published modern vampire story. Although the story was at first erroneously credited to Lord Byron, both Byron and Polidori affirmed that the author was Polidori.
A vampire is a mythical creature that subsists by feeding on the vital essence of the living. In European folklore, vampires are undead creatures that often visited loved ones and caused mischief or deaths in the neighbourhoods which they inhabited while they were alive. They wore shrouds and were often described as bloated and of ruddy or dark countenance, markedly different from today's gaunt, pale vampire which dates from the early 19th century. Vampiric entities have been recorded in cultures around the world; the term vampire was popularized in Western Europe after reports of an 18th-century mass hysteria of a pre-existing folk belief in Southeastern and Eastern Europe that in some cases resulted in corpses being staked and people being accused of vampirism. Local variants in Southeastern Europe were also known by different names, such as shtriga in Albania, vrykolakas in Greece and strigoi in Romania.
Vampire literature covers the spectrum of literary work concerned principally with the subject of vampires. The literary vampire first appeared in 18th-century poetry, before becoming one of the stock figures of gothic fiction with the publication of Polidori's The Vampyre (1819), which was inspired by the life and legend of Lord Byron. Later influential works include the penny dreadful Varney the Vampire (1847); Sheridan Le Fanu's tale of a lesbian vampire, Carmilla (1872), and the most well known: Bram Stoker's Dracula (1897). Some authors created a more "sympathetic vampire", with Varney being the first, and more recent examples such as Moto Hagio's series The Poe Clan (1972-1976) and Anne Rice's novel Interview with the Vampire (1976) proving influential.
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Count Orlok, commonly but erroneously known as Nosferatu, is the main antagonist and title character portrayed by German actor Max Schreck (1879–1936) in the silent film Nosferatu, eine Symphonie des Grauens (1922). He was based on Bram Stoker's character Count Dracula.
"The Vampyre" is a short work of prose fiction written in 1819 by John William Polidori taken from the story Lord Byron told as part of a contest among Polidori, Mary Shelley, Lord Byron, and Percy Shelley. The same contest produced the novel Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus. "The Vampyre" is often viewed as the progenitor of the romantic vampire genre of fantasy fiction. The work is described by Christopher Frayling as "the first story successfully to fuse the disparate elements of vampirism into a coherent literary genre."
Alfonso Lincoln Ribeiro is an American actor, comedian and television host. He is best known for his role as Carlton Banks on the NBC sitcom The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air and Alfonso Spears on the sitcom Silver Spoons, and Maxwell Stanton on In the House.
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Sir Christopher John Frayling is a British educationalist and writer, known for his study of popular culture.
Vampires are frequently represented in popular culture, including appearances in ballet, films, literature, music, opera, theatre, paintings, and video games.
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Vampyres is a 1974 British horror film directed by José Ramón Larraz and starring Anulka Dziubinska, Marianne Morris, and Murray Brown. Its plot follows two female lovers who, having been resurrected as vampires, lure unsuspecting travelers to their dilapidated estate to feed on their blood.
A Vampyre Story is a 2008 point-and-click adventure game developed by Autumn Moon Entertainment for Windows, published by Crimson Cow. The game is set in Europe during the 1890s, and follows a young female opera singer turned vampire as she attempts to make the journey back home to Paris in search of fame and normality. The title's distinctive spelling of vampire with a y was derived from the seminal western vampire tale The Vampyre by John Polidori.
Michelle Belanger is an American author who has authored over two dozen nonfiction books on paranormal and occult topics, has appeared in television documentaries about magic and modern occultism. She has performed as a vocalist and worked as a writer with Nox Arcana.
References
- ↑ McFarland, Melanie (January 8, 2004). "Days aren't improving at the winter TV tour". Seattle Post.
- ↑ "Mad Mad House Chat with Vampire Alt Don Henrie". Archived from the original on 2004-02-21. Retrieved 2008-12-02.
- ↑ ""Is It Real? Vampires" on National Geographic channel" . Retrieved 2009-09-05.
- ↑ "Vampyres". Vampyres: The Movies. Archived from the original on 2008-10-02. Retrieved 2008-11-16.
- ↑ Russo, Arlene (2008). Vampire Nation. Llewellyn Worldwide. pp. 19–21. ISBN 978-1-84454-172-0.
- ↑ ""Shadow Dancer" video by Urn". Youtube. Archived from the original on 2021-12-21. Retrieved 2009-09-05.
- ↑ "Blood Feud". MaximOnline. Archived from the original on February 11, 2009. Retrieved 2008-11-16.
- ↑ Ellis, James (September 16, 2004). "Don Henrie". Metro.co.uk.
- ↑ "Vampires!". Tyra Banks Show. Retrieved 2008-11-16.