Drag Race Italia season 1

Last updated
Drag Race Italia
Season 1
Drag Race Italia season 1 poster.jpg
Promotional poster for season one
Hosted by Priscilla
Judges
No. of contestants8
Winner Elecktra Bionic
Runners-up
Miss Congeniality Luquisha Lubamba
No. of episodes6
Release
Original network Discovery+
(Italy)
WOW Presents Plus
(International)
Original release18 November (2021-11-18) –
23 December 2021 (2021-12-23)
Season chronology
Next →
Season 2
List of episodes

The first season of Drag Race Italia premiered on November 18, 2021. [1] The cast was announced on October 28, 2021. [2] The winner of the first season of Drag Race Italia was Elecktra Bionic, becoming the first ever winner in the Drag Race franchise without any maxi-challenge wins, and the first contestant to never lip sync or win a maxi-challenge in the same season, with Farida Kant and Le Riche as runners-up. [3]

Contents

Casting occurred in early 2021 with production starting in summer 2021. [4] On June 30, 2021, it was announced that the judges panel will include Italian drag performer Priscilla, actress Chiara Francini and television personality Tommaso Zorzi. [5] [6]

The season consisted of six episodes.

Contestants

Ages, names, and cities stated are at time of filming.

Contestants of Drag Race Italia season 1 and their backgrounds
ContestantAgeHometownOutcome
Elecktra Bionic 27 Turin, PiedmontWinner
Farida Kant 33 Lecce, ApuliaRunners-up
Le Riche35 Palermo, Sicily
Luquisha Lubamba 33 Bologna, Emilia-Romagna4th place [lower-alpha 1]
Ava Hangar 36 Carbonia, Sardinia 5th place
Divinity27 Naples, Campania6th place
Enorma Jean 46 Milan, LombardyDisqualified [lower-alpha 2]
Ivana Vamp32 Arezzo, Tuscany8th place
  1. ↑ Luquisha Lubamba was voted Miss Congeniality.
  2. ↑ Enorma Jean was disqualified from the competition after losing a lip sync against Ava Hangar. Both queens were declared up for elimination due to swearing and insulting production backstage.

Contestant progress

Legend:

  Elecktra Bionic won Drag Race Italia season 1.
  Farida Kant and Le Riche were the runners-up.
  Luquisha Lubamba was voted Miss Congeniality (Miss C).
  WIN indicates that the contestant won the challenge.
  SAFE indicates that the contestant was declared safe by the judges.
  BTM (Bottom) indicates that the contestant was up for elimination.
  ELIM (Eliminated) indicates that the contestant was eliminated.
  DISQ (Disqualified) Enorma Jean was disqualified for breaking the rules.
  Guest indicates that the contestant returned as a guest.
Progress of contestants including placements in each episode
ContestantEpisode
1 [7] 2 [8] 3 [9] 4 [10] 5 [11] 6 [12]
Elecktra BionicSAFESAFESAFESAFESAFEWinner
Farida KantWINSAFESAFESAFEWINRunner-up
Le RicheSAFEBTMBTMWINSAFERunner-up
Luquisha LubambaBTMSAFESAFESAFEBTMELIMMiss C
Ava HangarSAFESAFEBTMBTMELIMGuest
DivinityBTMSAFEWINELIMGuest
Enorma JeanSAFEWINSAFEDISQGuest
Ivana VampSAFEELIMGuest

Lip syncs

Legend:

  The contestant was eliminated after their first time in the bottom.
  The contestant was eliminated after their second time in the bottom.
  The contestant was eliminated after their third time in the bottom.
  The contestant was disqualified after losing the lip sync to stay in the competition.
  The contestant won the Lip Sync for the Crown and was declared the winner of the season.
EpisodeContestantsSongEliminated
1 [7] Divinityvs.Luquisha Lubamba"Occhi di gatto  [ it ]"
(Cristina D'Avena)		None
2 [8] Ivana Vampvs.Le Riche"Comprami  [ it ]"
(Viola Valentino)		Ivana Vamp
3 [9] Ava Hangarvs.Le Riche"Fiesta  [ it ] (Spanish version)"
(Raffaella Carrà)		None
4 [10] Ava Hangarvs.Enorma Jean"Champion"
(RuPaul)		Enorma Jean
Ava Hangarvs.Divinity"Kobra  [ it ]"
(Donatella Rettore)		Divinity
5 [11] Ava Hangarvs.Luquisha Lubamba"Cicale  [ it ]"
(Heather Parisi)		Ava Hangar
EpisodeFinal contestantsSongWinner
6 [12] Elecktra Bionic vs. Farida Kant vs. Le Riche"Non sono una signora"
(Loredana Bertè)		Elecktra Bionic

Guest judges

Listed in chronological order:

Special guests

Guests who appeared in episodes, but did not judge on the main stage.

Episode 3

Episode 4

Episode 6

Episodes

No.
overall		No. in
season		TitleOriginal air date
11"Ciao Italia"
"Ciao Italia!"		18 November 2021 (2021-11-18)

Eight drag queens enter the workroom. For the first mini-challenge, the queens do a photoshoot on a Venetian Gondola. Elecktra Bionic wins the mini-challenge. For the main challenge, the queens create an Italian Style look out of materials inside old suitcases.

  • Ava Hangar - Nonna Silvana (Grandma Silvana)
  • Divinity - Nonna Anna (Grandma Anna)
  • Elecktra Bionic - Nonna Sofia (Grandma Sofia)
  • Enorma Jean - Nonna Claudia (Grandma Claudia)
  • Farida Kand - Nonna Gina (Grandma Gina)
  • Ivana Vamp - Nonna Virna (Grandma Virna)
  • Le Riche - Nonna Monica (Grandma Monica)
  • Luquisha Lubamba - Nonna Alida (Grandma Alida)

On the runway, category is Italian Style. Ivana Vamp and Farida Kant receive positive critiques, with Farida Kant winning the challenge. Divinity and Luquisha Lubamba receive negative critiques, and are announced as the bottom two. They lip-sync to "Occhi di gatto" by Cristina D'Avena. They are both declared the winners of the lip-sync and no one goes home.

  • Guest Judge: Cristina D'Avena
  • Mini-Challenge: Photoshoot on a Venetian Gondola
  • Mini-Challenge Winner: Elecktra Bionic
  • Mini-Challenge Prize: A jewelry piece by Aster Lab
  • Main Challenge: Create an Italian Style look out of materials inside old suitcases
  • Runway Theme: Italian Style
  • Challenge Winner: Farida Kant
  • Bottom Two: Divinity and Luquisha Lubamba
  • Lip-Sync Song: "Occhi di gatto" by Cristina D'Avena
  • Eliminated: None
22"Divas"
"Grandi Dive"		26 November 2021 (2021-11-26)

For this week's mini-challenge, the queens compete in a limbo extravaganza. Ava Hangar wins the mini-challenge. For the main challenge, the queens create their own infomercial about a specific item.

  • Ava Hangar - Handset
  • Divinity - Magic Wand
  • Elecktra Bionic - Pills
  • Enorma Jean - Nothing
  • Farida Kant - Canvas, brush and paint
  • Ivana Vamp - Decanter
  • Le Riche - App
  • Luquisha Lubamba - Megaphone

On the runway, category is Grandi Dive (Great Divas). Enorma Jean wins the challenge. Ivana Vamp, Le Riche and Luquisha Lubamba receive negative critiques, with Luquisha Lubamba being safe. Ivana Vamp and Le Riche lip-sync to "Comprami" by Viola Valentino. Le Riche wins the lip-sync and Ivana Vamp is the first queen to sashay away.

  • Guest Judges: Fabio Mollo and Gianmarco Saurino  [ it ]
  • Mini-Challenge: Limbo Extravaganza
  • Mini-Challenge Winner: Ava Hangar
  • Mini-Challenge Prize: A jewelry piece by Aster Lab
  • Main Challenge: Create your own infomercial about a specific item
  • Runway Theme: Grandi Dive (Great Divas)
  • Challenge Winner: Enorma Jean
  • Bottom Two: Ivana Vamp and Le Riche
  • Lip-Sync Song: "Comprami" by Viola Valentino
  • Eliminated: Ivana Vamp
  • Farewell Message:"Ricordatevi sempre che siamo le prime in Tutto! Ps. Porca mattina! Vs Ivana Vamp" ("Always remember that we're the first ones in Everything! Ps. Good Fucking Morning! Vs Ivana Vamp")
33"Night of a Thousand Raffaella Carràs"
"Raffaella, una di noi"		3 December 2021 (2021-12-03)

For this week's mini-challenge, the queens have to complete a puzzle of an iconic Raffaella Carrà look. Elecktra Bionic wins the mini-challenge. For the main challenge, the queens perform in Raffaella Carrà: The Rusical.

On the runway, category is Che Carrà Se? (Which Carrà Are You?). Divinity and Luquisha Lubamba receive positive critiques, with Divinity winning the challenge. Ava Hangar and Le Riche receive negative critiques, and are announced as the bottom two. They lip-sync to "Fiesta (Spanish Version)" by Raffaella Carrà. They are both declared the winners of the lip-sync and no one goes home.

  • Guest Judges: Vladimir Luxuria and Nick Cerioni
  • Mini-Challenge: Complete a puzzle of an iconic Raffaella Carrà look
  • Mini-Challenge Winner: Elecktra Bionic
  • Mini-Challenge Prize: A jewelry piece by Aster Lab
  • Main Challenge: Raffaella Carrà: The Rusical
  • Runway Theme: Che Carrà Se? (Which Carrà Are You?)
  • Challenge Winner: Divinity
  • Bottom Two: Ava Hangar and Le Riche
  • Lip-Sync Song: "Fiesta (Spanish Version)" by Raffaella Carrà
  • Eliminated: None
44"Snatch Game & Fab 80's"
"Snatch Game! Tutto può succedere"		7 December 2021 (2021-12-07)

For this week's mini-challenge, the queens have to apply drag makeup in the dark. Elecktra Bionic wins the mini-challenge. For the main challenge, the queens play the Snatch Game. The cast consisted of:

Before the runway starts, Ava Hangar and Enorma Jean are called to the main stage. On the main stage, Priscilla tells them that she is extremely disappointed in their actions last week in untucked. She tells them that they will be lip-syncing as a punishment. The queen who doesn't win the lip-sync, will be immediately removed from the competition. They lip-sync to "Champion" by RuPaul. Ava Hangar wins the lip-sync and remains in the competition. Enorma Jean is then disqualified from the competition. The remaining queens then walk the runway with category being I Favolosi Anni 80 (The Fabulous 80’s). Le Riche and Luquisha Lubamba receive positive critiques, with Le Riche winning the challenge. Ava Hangar and Divinity receive negative critiques, and are announced as the bottom two. They lip-sync to "Kobra  [ it ]" by Donatella Rettore. Ava Hangar wins the lip-sync and Divinity sashays away.

  • Guest Judges: Donatella Rettore and Giancarlo Commare
  • Mini-Challenge: Apply drag makeup in the dark
  • Mini-Challenge Winner: Elecktra Bionic
  • Mini-Challenge Prize: A selection of products from Mac Cosmetics worth €500
  • Main Challenge: Snatch Game
  • Queens Facing Disqualification: Enorma Jean and Ava Hangar
  • Lip-Sync Song: "Champion" by RuPaul
  • Disqualified: Enorma Jean
  • Farewell Message:"La drag è un'artista con le palle. Le mie non sono grandi, sono ENORMI" ("A drag queen is an artist who has balls. Mine are not big, they are ENORMOUS")
  • Runway Theme: I Favolosi Anni 80 (The Fabulous 80’s)
  • Challenge Winner: Le Riche
  • Challenge Prize: A selection of products from Mac Cosmetics worth €750
  • Bottom Two: Ava Hangar and Divinity
  • Lip-Sync Song: "Kobra" by Donatella Rettore
  • Eliminated: Divinity
  • Farewell Message:"Colorate il mondo con la vostra arte xoxo Divinity" ("Color the world with your art xoxo Divinity")
55"Long Live the Drag Bride"
"Il giorno più bello"		17 December 2021 (2021-12-17)

For this week's mini-challenge, the queens have to find words with the letters given, written on the pants of the pit crew. Ava Hangar wins the mini-challenge. For the main challenge, the queens makeover one of their loved ones as their best woman, with the queens being the bride.

On the runway, category is Viva La Sposa! (Long Live the Bride!) Elecktra Bionic, Farida Kant and Le Riche receive positive critiques, with Farida Kant winning the challenge. Ava Hangar and Luquisha Lubamba receive negative critiques and are announced as the bottom two. They lip-sync to "Cicale  [ it ]" by Heather Parisi. Luquisha Lubamba wins the lip-sync and Ava Hangar sashays away.

  • Guest Judges: Coco Rebecca Edogamhe and Enzo Miccio
  • Mini-Challenge: Find words with the letters given, written on the pants of the pit crew
  • Mini-Challenge Winner: Ava Hangar
  • Mini-Challenge Prize: A jewelry piece by Aster Lab
  • Main Challenge: Makeover one of your loved ones as your best woman and yourself as the bride
  • Runway Theme: Viva La Sposa! (Long Live the Bride!)
  • Challenge Winner: Farida Kant
  • Challenge Prize: A jewelry piece by Aster Lab
  • Bottom Two: Ava Hangar and Luquisha Lubamba
  • Lip-Sync Song: "Cicale" by Heather Parisi
  • Eliminated: Ava Hangar
  • Farewell Message:"Continuate a fare la storia, fuori ci aspetta un mondo bellissimo. Love Ava" "(Keep making history, a beautiful world awaits us outside. Love Ava)"
66"Grand Finale"
"Gran Finale"		23 December 2021 (2021-12-23)

For this week's mini-challenge, the queens read each other to filth. Elecktra Bionic wins the mini-challenge. For the main challenge, the queens write, record and perform their own verses to RuPaul's song "A Little Bit of Love".

On the runway, the eliminated queens and the finalists present their Eleganza Extravaganza. It is revealed that Luquisha Lubamba is this season's Miss Congeniality. Luquisha Lubamba is then subsequently eliminated, leaving Elecktra Bionic, Farida Kant and Le Riche as the final three. They lip-sync to "Non sono una signora" by Loredana Bertè. It is announced that Elecktra Bionic is the winner, leaving Farida Kant and Le Riche as the runners-up.

  • Guest Judge: Ambra Angiolini
  • Mini-Challenge: Reading Is Fundamental
  • Mini-Challenge Winner: Elecktra Bionic
  • Main Challenge: Write, record and perform their own verses to RuPaul's song "A Little Bit of Love"
  • Runway Theme: Eleganza Extravaganza
  • Miss Congeniality: Luquisha Lubamba
  • Eliminated: Luquisha Lubamba
  • Top Three: Elecktra Bionic, Farida Kant and Le Riche
  • Lip-Sync Song: "Non sono una signora" by Loredana Bertè
  • Runners-up: Farida Kant and Le Riche
  • Winner of Drag Race Italia Season One: Elecktra Bionic

Related Research Articles

<i>RuPauls Drag Race All Stars</i> season 3 Third season of RuPauls Drag Race All Stars

The third season of RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars premiered on January 25, 2018. The season was announced in August 2017, with 9/10 of the cast revealed during a VH1 "Exclusive Queen Ruveal" special, airing on October 20, 2017. This season of All Stars featured ten "all-star" contestants, selected from the show's first season through to its then-current ninth season, competing again to be inducted into the "Drag Race Hall of Fame".

<i>RuPauls Drag Race All Stars</i> season 4 Fourth season of RuPauls Drag Race All Stars

The fourth season of RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars was announced by VH1 on August 22, 2018. Prior to the official announcement, RuPaul confirmed, in an episode of his podcast What's the Tee?, that filming for the fourth season of All Stars currently was underway. All Stars Season 3 winner Trixie Mattel, with special guests Katya and Detox, hosted a special called Trixie's Playhouse to announce the cast for the fourth season. It was scheduled to air on November 8, 2018, but was postponed to the following day due to the Thousand Oaks shooting. The season began airing on December 14, 2018, and ran for ten episodes.

<i>RuPauls Drag Race</i> season 12 Season of television series

The twelfth season of RuPaul's Drag Race premiered on February 28 and concluded on May 29, 2020. The competition was broadcast on VH1 in the United States and saw 13 new queens competing for the title of "America's Next Drag Superstar". VH1 renewed both RuPaul's Drag Race and its spin-off RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars for a twelfth and fifth season respectively on August 19, 2019. At the time of the renewal the Drag Race franchise had earned VH1 a total of 14 Emmy nominations. Casting calls were opened in January 2019 while the cast was revealed by season 11 winner Yvie Oddly on January 23, 2020.

<i>RuPauls Drag Race All Stars</i> season 5 Fifth season of RuPauls Drag Race All Stars

The fifth season of RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars was announced by VH1 on August 19, 2019.

<i>RuPauls Drag Race</i> season 13 2021 season of the television series

The thirteenth season of RuPaul's Drag Race premiered on January 1 and concluded on April 23, 2021. The cast was announced via Twitter on December 9, 2020. The competition is broadcast on VH1 in the United States and showcases 13 new queens competing for the title of "America's Next Drag Superstar". VH1 renewed both RuPaul's Drag Race and its spin-off RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars for a thirteenth and sixth season respectively on August 20, 2020. Casting calls for season 13 were opened in December 2019. In addition to airing on VH1, the premiere episode was simulcast across 5 other channels: Logo, MTV, MTV2, Pop, and The CW, becoming the most-watched episode in the franchise's history.

<i>RuPauls Drag Race All Stars</i> season 6 2021 edition of the program

The sixth season of RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars premiered on June 24 and concluded on September 2, 2021. The first two episodes of the season aired on the same day. On August 20, 2020, VH1 renewed both RuPaul's Drag Race and All Stars for its thirteenth and sixth season respectively. On February 24, 2021, ViacomCBS announced the sixth season of the show would move from VH1 to Paramount+, an online streaming service. However, the season is still broadcast by the same networks abroad.

<i>RuPauls Drag Race</i> season 14 2022 season of the television series

The fourteenth season of RuPaul's Drag Race premiered on January 7, 2022. The reality competition series, broadcast on VH1 in the United States, showcases 14 new queens competing for the title of "America's Next Drag Superstar". Casting calls for season 14 were opened in November 2020, and the cast was officially revealed by season 13 winner Symone on VH1 on December 2, 2021. The season premiere received 738,000 viewers, making it the most-watched premiere since Season 10.

<i>Canadas Drag Race</i> season 2 Second season of Canadas Drag Race

The second season of Canada's Drag Race premiered on October 14, and concluded on December 16, 2021. The season aired on Crave in Canada and WOW Presents Plus internationally.

<i>RuPauls Drag Race UK</i> series 2 Second series of RuPauls Drag Race UK

The second series of RuPaul's Drag Race UK began airing on 14 January 2021 on the BBC Three section of BBC iPlayer and WOW Presents Plus streaming service. The series was confirmed and casting was closed on 15 November 2019. Production was suspended mid 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic but resumed late 2020. The cast of 12 new queens was announced on 16 December 2020 and the series premiered on 14 January 2021. It was also announced a special episode RuPaul's Drag Race UK: Queens on Lockdown would air, following the queens during the first lockdown. This special episode was released on 12 February.

<i>Drag Race España</i> season 1 First season of Drag Race España

The first season of Drag Race España premiered on 30 May and concluded on 25 July 2021. The competition was broadcast on ATRESplayer Premium in Spain and on WOW Presents Plus internationally. The competition saw ten Spanish drag queens compete for the title of the "Spain's First Drag Superstar", and a cash prize of €30,000.

<i>Drag Race Italia</i> Italian reality competition television series

Drag Race Italia is an Italian reality competition television series based on the original American series RuPaul's Drag Race and part of the Drag Race franchise. The series is produced by World of Wonder for Discovery+ in Italy, and subsequently free-to-air on Real Time and, beginning with the third season, Paramount+. The show is also available worldwide on WOW Presents Plus.

<i>RuPauls Secret Celebrity Drag Race</i> season 2 2022 season of the television series

The second season of RuPaul's Secret Celebrity Drag Race premiered August 12, 2022 on VH1. This season featured a major retool of the spin-off, with nine celebrity contestants — concealed by drag personas — competing in a season-length lip sync tournament. RuPaul, Michelle Visage, Carson Kressley and Ross Mathews returned as judges.

<i>RuPauls Drag Race All Stars</i> season 7 Season of television series

The seventh season of RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars premiered on Paramount+ on May 20 and concluded on July 29, 2022.

<i>Drag Race Philippines</i> season 1 First season of Drag Race Philippines

The first season of Drag Race Philippines premiered on August 17, 2022. The cast was announced on July 27, 2022. The winner of the first season of Drag Race Philippines was Precious Paula Nicole, with Marina Summers as the runner-up.

<i>RuPauls Drag Race</i> season 15 Season of television series

The fifteenth season of RuPaul's Drag Race premiered January 6, 2023. The reality competition series moved to MTV for broadcast, instead of VH1 in the United States.

<i>Drag Race Italia</i> season 2 Second season of Drag Race Italia

The second season of Drag Race Italia premiered on 20 October 2022. The ten contestants were announced on 30 September 2022. The winner of the second season of Drag Race Italia was La Diamond, with Aura Eternal and Nehellenia as runners-up.

<i>RuPauls Drag Race All Stars</i> season 8 Season of television series

The eighth season of RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars premiered on Paramount+ on May 12, 2023. The series continues with RuPaul as host and judge, with returning judges Michelle Visage, Carson Kressley, and Ross Mathews joined by Ts Madison on the judging panel. The season's premiere date was announced in a brief teaser trailer aired during the finale of the fifteenth season of RuPaul's Drag Race. The cast was revealed on April 20.

<i>RuPauls Drag Race</i> season 16 Season of television series

The sixteenth season of RuPaul's Drag Race premiered on January 5, 2024. The reality competition series, broadcast on MTV in the United States, showcases fourteen drag queens competing for the title of "America's Next Drag Superstar" and a cash prize of $200,000.

<i>Drag Race Italia</i> season 3 Third season of Drag Race Italia

The third season of Drag Race Italia premiered on 13 October 2023. The season aired on MTV in Italy and streaming platform Paramount+.

<i>RuPauls Drag Race: UK vs. the World</i> series 1 Season of television series

The first series of RuPaul's Drag Race: UK vs. the World began airing on BBC Three on 1 February 2022. RuPaul assumed the role of main host and head judge, and was joined on the judging panel by Michelle Visage, Alan Carr and Graham Norton, all of whom are judges on RuPaul's Drag Race UK.

References

  1. ↑ White, Brett (2021-10-19). "Is There Such a Thing as Too Much 'RuPaul's Drag Race'?". Decider. Archived from the original on 20 October 2021. Retrieved 2021-10-20.
  2. ↑ "Scusi Drag Race fans! Meet the queens of Drag Race Italia season 1". GAY TIMES. 2021-10-29. Retrieved 2022-09-22.
  3. ↑ "Elecktra Bionic vince Drag Race Italia, la sua reazione e gli ascolti della finale". Biccy.it (in Italian). 2022-02-14. Retrieved 2022-09-22.
  4. ↑ Parente, Luca (2021-12-19). "Dimitri Cocciuti: così ho portato Drag Race in Italia". NEG Zone (in Italian). Retrieved 2022-09-22.
  5. ↑ Nolfi, Joey. "Say ciao bella to RuPaul's new 'Drag Race Italia' host Priscilla". Entertainment Weekly . Archived from the original on 20 October 2021. Retrieved 2021-10-20.
  6. ↑ "RuPaul's Drag Race Italia: Tommaso Zorzi, Chiara Francini e Priscilla in giuria". La Repubblica (in Italian). 30 June 2021. Archived from the original on 20 October 2021. Retrieved 20 October 2021.
  7. 1 2 "Ciao Italia". Drag Race Italia. Season 1. Episode 1. November 19, 2021. Discovery+ / WOW Presents Plus.
  8. 1 2 "Divas". Drag Race Italia. Season 1. Episode 2. November 27, 2021. Discovery+ / WOW Presents Plus.
  9. 1 2 "Carrà: The Rusical". Drag Race Italia. Season 1. Episode 3. December 4, 2021. Discovery+ / WOW Presents Plus.
  10. 1 2 "Snatch Game". Drag Race Italia. Season 1. Episode 4. December 8, 2021. Discovery+ / WOW Presents Plus.
  11. 1 2 "Long Live the Drag Bride!". Drag Race Italia. Season 1. Episode 5. November 19, 2021. Discovery+ / WOW Presents Plus.
  12. 1 2 "Grand Finale". Drag Race Italia. Season 1. Episode 6. November 19, 2021. Discovery+ / WOW Presents Plus.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.