A shell script is a computer program designed to be run by the Unix shell, a command-line interpreter. The various dialects of shell scripts are considered to be scripting languages. Typical operations performed by shell scripts include file manipulation, program execution, and printing text. A script which sets up the environment, runs the program, and does any necessary cleanup, logging, etc. is called a wrapper.
The cd command, also known as chdir, is a command-line OS shell command used to change the current working directory in operating systems such as Unix, DOS, OS/2, TRIPOS, AmigaOS, Microsoft Windows, ReactOS, and Linux. It can be used in shell scripts and batch files. The command is also available in the open source MS-DOS emulator DOSBox and in the EFI shell. The command is named chdir in MPE/iX.
In software development, Make is a build automation tool that automatically builds executable programs and libraries from source code by reading files called Makefiles which specify how to derive the target program. Though integrated development environments and language-specific compiler features can also be used to manage a build process, Make remains widely used, especially in Unix and Unix-like operating systems.
In some operating systems, the null device is a device file that discards all data written to it but reports that the write operation succeeded. This device is called /dev/null on Unix and Unix-like systems, NUL: or NUL on DOS and CP/M, nul on newer Windows systems, NIL: on Amiga operating systems, and the NL: on OpenVMS. In Windows Powershell, the equivalent is $null. It provides no data to any process that reads from it, yielding EOF immediately. In IBM DOS/360, OS/360, OS/390 and z/OS operating systems, such files would be assigned in JCL to DD DUMMY.
rmdir is a command which will remove an empty directory on a Unix, Unix-like, DOS, FlexOS, OS/2, Microsoft Windows or ReactOS operating system.
xargs is a command on Unix and most Unix-like operating systems used to build and execute commands from standard input. It converts input from standard input into arguments to a command.
In computing, cp is a command in various Unix and Unix-like operating systems for copying files and directories. The command has three principal modes of operation, expressed by the types of arguments presented to the program for copying a file to another file, one or more files to a directory, or for copying entire directories to another directory.
The GNU Core Utilities or coreutils is a package of GNU software containing reimplementations for many of the basic tools, such as cat, ls, and rm, which are used on Unix-like operating systems.
In computing, umask is a command that determines the settings of a mask that controls how file permissions are set for newly created files. In one case it also influences how the file permissions are changed explicitly. umask may also refer to a function that sets the mask, or it may refer to the mask itself, which is formally known as the file mode creation mask. The mask is a grouping of bits, each of which restricts how its corresponding permission is set for newly created files. The bits in the mask may be changed by invoking the umask command.
mv is a Unix command that moves one or more files or directories from one place to another. If both filenames are on the same filesystem, this results in a simple file rename; otherwise the file content is copied to the new location and the old file is removed. Using mv requires the user to have write permission for the directories the file will move between. This is because mv changes the content of both directories involved in the move. When using the mv command on files located on the same filesystem, the file's timestamp is not updated.
In computing, rm is a basic command on Unix and Unix-like operating systems used to remove objects such as computer files, directories and symbolic links from file systems and also special files such as device nodes, pipes and sockets, similar to the del command in MS-DOS, OS/2, and Microsoft Windows. The command is also available in the EFI shell.
In computing, alias is a command in various command-line interpreters (shells) such as Unix shells, AmigaDOS, 4DOS/4NT, KolibriOS and Windows PowerShell, which enables a replacement of a word by another string. It is mainly used for abbreviating a system command, or for adding default arguments to a regularly used command. The command is also available in the EFI shell. Aliasing functionality in the MS-DOS and Microsoft Windows operating systems is provided by the DOSKey command-line utility. The ReactOS Command Prompt also includes the alias command to set, remove and show aliases.
SINIX is a discontinued variant of the Unix operating system from Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme. SINIX supersedes SIRM OS and Pyramid Technology's DC/OSx. Following X/Open's acceptance that its requirements for the use of the UNIX trademark were met, version 5.44 and subsequent releases were published as Reliant UNIX by Fujitsu Siemens Computers.
In Unix-like operating systems, unlink is a system call and a command line utility to delete files. The program directly interfaces the system call, which removes the file name and directories like rm and rmdir. If the file name was the last hard link to the file, the file itself is deleted as soon as no program has it open.
In computing, del is a command in command-line interpreters (shells) such as COMMAND.COM, cmd.exe, 4DOS, NDOS, 4OS2, 4NT and Windows PowerShell. It is used to delete one or more files or directories from a file system.
The script command is a Unix utility that records a terminal session. The scriptreplay command offers a replay function to script. The session is captured in file name typescript by default; to specify a different filename follow the script command with a space and the filename as such: script recorded_session.
A command-line interface or command language interpreter (CLI), also known as command-line user interface, console user interface and character user interface (CUI), is a means of interacting with a computer program where the user issues commands to the program in the form of successive lines of text. A program which handles the interface is called a command language interpreter or shell (computing).
On Unix-like computer systems, seq is a utility for generating a sequence of numbers.
