JoséAlexandre "Xanana" Gusmão is an East Timorese politician. He has served as the 6th prime minister of East Timor since 2023,previously serving in that position from 2007 to 2015. A former rebel,he also served as East Timor's first president since its re-establishment of independence,from 2002 to 2007.
The political system in East Timor is a unitary semi-presidential representative democratic republic,whereby the Prime Minister of East Timor is the head of government and the President of East Timor functions as head of state. East Timor has a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the president and the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the National Parliament. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. The East Timorese constitution was modelled on that of Portugal,with lesser power given to the president. The country is still in the process of building its administration and governmental institutions. The Economist Intelligence Unit rated East Timor a "flawed democracy" in 2022.
The Social Democratic Party is an East Timorese party founded on 20 September 2000. Despite its name,the party,like its Portuguese model,is usually categorised as centre-right in the political spectrum. It describes itself as being in the middle between left and right (centrist). The aim of the party's founders was to offer voters a moderate alternative to Fretilin and UDT. In 2002,the party had 8,000 members. Since then,the PSD has lost its importance. The PSD did not contest the 2023 parliamentary elections in East Timor.
The Timorese Democratic Union is a conservative political party in East Timor. It was the first party to be established in the country on May 11,1974,following the Carnation Revolution in Portugal.
Parliamentary elections were held in East Timor on 30 June 2007. The new composition of East Timor's national parliament was determined by the country's population. 529,198 voters were entitled to vote,708 polling stations were ready.
Parliamentary elections were held in East Timor on 22 July 2017. Fretilin narrowly emerged as the largest party in the National Parliament,winning 23 seats to the 22 won by the National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction,which had been the largest party in the outgoing Parliament.
The VIII Constitutional Government was the eighth Constitutional Government under the Constitution of East Timor. Formed on 22 June 2018,and restructured in mid-2020,it was led by the country's seventh Prime Minister,Taur Matan Ruak,and was replaced by the IX Constitutional Government on 1 July 2023.
Hermenegildo Augusto "Ágio" Cabral Pereira Alves is an East Timorese politician,and a member of the National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction (CNRT).
Manuel Cárceres da Costa is an East Timorese politician and writer. Between June 2018 and March 2022,he was the Minister of Justice,serving in the VIII Constitutional Government of East Timor led by Prime Minister Taur Matan Ruak.
Fidelis Manuel Leite Magalhães is an East Timorese political economist,public policy specialist and politician,and a member of the People's Liberation Party (PLP).
Dionísio da Costa Babo Soares is an East Timorese politician,and a member of the National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction (CNRT). From June 2018 to May 2020,he was the Minister for Foreign Affairs and Cooperation,under the VIII Constitutional Government of East Timor;he had earlier served as Minister of State,Coordinator of State Administration Affairs and Justice,Minister of State Administration,and Minister of Justice.
Armanda Berta dos Santos is an East Timorese politician,and the leader of the Kmanek Haburas Unidade Nasional Timor Oan (KHUNTO) political party.
Odete Maria Freitas Belo is an East Timorese physician and politician,and a member of the Fretilin political party. From May 2020 to July 2023,she was the Minister of Health,serving in the VIII Constitutional Government of East Timor led by Prime Minister Taur Matan Ruak.
Mariano Sabino Lopes,also known by his nom de guerreAssanami,is an East Timorese politician and a member of the Democratic Party (PD).
Fernando Hanjam is an East Timorese politician and academic. In 2020,he served briefly as the Minister of Finance under the VIII Constitutional Government of East Timor led by Prime Minister Taur Matan Ruak. Previously,in 2017–18,he was Minister of Education and Culture in the earlier VII Constitutional Government,led by Mari Alkatiri.
Santina JoséRodrigues Ferreira Viegas Cardoso is an East Timorese politician and public administrator. She has served as the Minister for Finance since 2023 under Prime Minister Xanana Gusmão and previously served in the position from 2015 and 2017 under the VI Constitutional Government of East Timor led by Rui Maria de Araújo. Previously,between 2012 and 2015,she was the Vice Minister for Finance under the V Constitutional Government led by Xanana Gusmão.
António da Conceição,also known by his nom de guerreKalohan (transl. "Cloud"),is an East Timorese politician,and a member of the Democratic Party (PD). He has held several Ministries in the government,and as of 2021 was a Member of the National Parliament.
Parliamentary elections were held in East Timor on 21 May 2023. The governing coalition going into the election was a four-party government of Fretilin,the People's Liberation Party (PLP),Kmanek Haburas Unidade Nasional Timor Oan (KHUNTO) and the Democratic Party (PD),whilst the National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction (CNRT) was in opposition but held the presidency.
The IX Constitutional Government is the ninth and incumbent Constitutional Government under the Constitution of East Timor. It was formed on 1 July 2023,and is led by Prime Minister,Xanana Gusmão. It is his second term after 2007 to 2015
Francisco Kalbuadi "Chico" Lay is an East Timorese politician and a member of the National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction (CNRT).
