Eating Disorder Examination Interview

Last updated
Eating Disorder Examination Interview
Purposeassessment of eating disorder

The Eating Disorder Examination Interview (EDE) devised by Cooper & Fairburn (1987) [1] is a semi-structured interview conducted by a clinician in the assessment of an eating disorder.

Contents

EDE

The EDE is a semi-structured interview conducted by a trained clinician to assess the psychopathology associated with the diagnosis of an eating disorder. The EDE is rated through the use of four subscales and a global score. The four subscales are:

1. Restraint
2. Eating concern
3. Shape concern
4. Weight concern

The questions concern the frequency in which the patient engages in behaviors indicative of an eating disorder over a 28-day period. The test is scored on a 7-point scale from 0–6. With a zero score indicating not having engaged in the questioned behavior. [2]

EDE-Q

The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) was adapted from the EDE. The EDE-Q is a 28 item self-report questionnaire. It retains the format of the EDE including the 4 subscales and global score. It also concerns behaviors over a 28-day time period and retains the scoring system of 0–6, with 0 indicating no days, 1=1–5 days, 2=6–12 days, 3=13–15 days, 4=16–22 days, 5=23–27 days and 6= every day. [3]

Eating Disorder Examination Child version (Edition 17.0D/C.1) [4]

The Child version is based on the adult EDE-17.0D and is designed for children and adolescents ages 8 and older. The current version is adjusted to the DSM-5 and reflects the latest changes to eating disorders criteria. The Child EDE is a semi-structured interview that has to be administered by a trained clinician.

The child version contains a few adjustments reflecting considerations to make it more developmentally appropriate for children. Some of the questions are presented as tasks to help children express more abstract concepts and ideas. Consideration is also given to children's limited autonomy regarding their eating and feeding habits. In addition, the parents are asked to fill out a diary describing activities over the past 28 days prior to the interview to assist the child in recalling events of the past weeks to allow better reporting. [5]

See also

Related Research Articles

The Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) is a short questionnaire developed in 1987 by Michael Liebowitz, a psychiatrist and researcher at Columbia University and the New York State Psychiatric Institute. Its purpose is to assess the range of social interaction and performance situations feared by a patient in order to assist in the diagnosis of social anxiety disorder. It is commonly used to study outcomes in clinical trials and, more recently, to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral treatments. The scale features 24 items, which are divided into two subscales. 13 questions relate to performance anxiety and 11 concern social situations. The LSAS was originally conceptualized as a clinician-administered rating scale, but has since been validated as a self-report scale.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eating Attitudes Test</span> Questionnaire of symptoms and concerns characteristic of eating disorders

The Eating Attitudes Test, created by David Garner, is a widely used 26-item, standardized self-reported questionnaire of symptoms and concerns characteristic of eating disorders. The EAT is useful in assessing "eating disorder risk" in high school, college and other special risk samples such as athletes. EAT has been extremely effective in screening for anorexia nervosa in many populations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Beck Anxiety Inventory</span>

The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), created by Aaron T. Beck and other colleagues, is a 21-question multiple-choice self-report inventory that is used for measuring the severity of anxiety in adolescents and adults ages 17 and older. The questions used in this measure ask about common symptoms of anxiety that the subject has had during the past week. It is designed for individuals who are of 17 years of age or older and takes 5 to 10 minutes to complete. Several studies have found the Beck Anxiety Inventory to be an accurate measure of anxiety symptoms in children and adults.

The Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) is a self-report questionnaire used to assess the presence of eating disorders, (a) anorexia nervosa both restricting and binge-eating/purging type; (b) bulimia nervosa; and (c) eating disorder not otherwise specified including binge eating disorder. The original questionnaire consisted of 64 questions, divided into eight subscales. It was created in 1984 by David M. Garner and others. There have been two subsequent revisions by Garner: the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2) and the Eating Disorder Inventory-3 (EDI-3).

The Ben-Tovim Walker Body Attitudes Questionnaire (BAQ) is a 44 item self-report questionnaire divided into six subscales that measures a woman's attitude towards her own body. The BAQ is used in the assessment of eating disorders. It was devised by D.I. Ben-Tovim and M.K. Walker in 1991.

The SCOFF questionnaire utilizes an acronym in a simple five question test devised for use by non-professionals to assess the possible presence of an eating disorder. It was devised by Morgan et al. in 1999. The original SCOFF questionnaire was devised for use in the United Kingdom, thus the original acronym needs to be adjusted for users in the United States and Canada. The "S" in SCOFF stands for "Sick" which in British English means specifically to vomit. In American English and Canadian English it is synonymous with "ill". The "O" is used in the acronym to denote "one stone". A "stone" is an Imperial unit of weight which made up of 14 lbs. The letters in the full acronym are taken from key words in the questions:

The Anorectic Behavior Observation Scale (ABOS) is a thirty-item diagnostic questionnaire devised to be answered by the parents, spouse or other family member of an individual suspected of having an eating disorder. It was developed by Vandereyken et al. in 1992. The ABOS is useful for evaluations of patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) before, during, and after clinical treatments. It can also be a significant tool for the screening of subjects in early-stage ED.

The Minnesota Eating Behavior Survey (MEBS) is a 30 item self-report questionnaire used to assess the presence of an eating disorder. It is designed for use with both male and females age 10 to adult. The MEBS was originally designed for use by McGue et al. in the Minnesota Twin Family Study (MTFS) a longitudinal study to assess the onset of psychological pathology including eating disorders among 1,400 twin girls and their parents.

The Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale (EDDS) is a self-report questionnaire that assesses the presence of three eating disorders; anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. It was adapted by Stice et al. in 2000 from the validated structured psychiatric interview: The Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) and the eating disorder module of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID)16.

The Health Dynamics Inventory (HDI) is a 50 item self-report questionnaire developed to evaluate mental health functioning and change over time and treatment. The HDI was written to evaluate the three aspects of mental disorders as described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM): "clinically significant behavioral or psychological syndrome or pattern...associated with present distress...or disability". This also corresponds to the phase model described by Howard and colleagues Accordingly, the HDI assesses (1) the experience of emotional or behavioral symptoms that define mental illness, such as dysphoria, worry, angry outbursts, low self-esteem, or excessive drinking, (2) the level of emotional distress related to these symptoms, and (3) the impairment or problems fulfilling the major roles of one's life.

The Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) is an assessment of executive function behaviors at home and at school for children and adolescents ages 5–18. It was originally developed by Gerard Gioia, Ph.D., Peter Isquith, Ph.D., Steven Guy, Ph.D., and Lauren Kenworthy, Ph.D.

Other specified feeding or eating disorder (OSFED) is a subclinical DSM-5 category that, along with unspecified feeding or eating disorder (UFED), replaces the category formerly called eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) in the DSM-IV-TR. It captures feeding disorders and eating disorders of clinical severity that do not meet diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), binge eating disorder (BED), avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), pica, or rumination disorder. OSFED includes five examples:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spence Children's Anxiety Scale</span>

The Spence Children's Anxiety Scale (SCAS) is a psychological questionnaire designed to identify symptoms of various anxiety disorders, specifically social phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder/agoraphobia, and other forms of anxiety, in children and adolescents between ages 8 and 15. Developed by Susan H. Spence and available in various languages, the 45 question test can be filled out by the child or by the parent. Alternatively, an abbreviated form of the test has been developed, with only 19 questions. It has shown equally valid results while reducing stress and response burden in younger participants. There is also another 34 question version of the test specialized for children in preschool between ages 2.5 and 6.5. Any form of the test takes approximately 5 to 10 minutes to complete. The questionnaire has shown good reliability and validity in recent studies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yale Global Tic Severity Scale</span> Psychological measurement

The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) is a psychological measure designed to assess the severity and frequency of symptoms of disorders such as tic disorder, Tourette syndrome, and obsessive-compulsive disorder, in children and adolescents between ages 6 and 17.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Child Mania Rating Scale</span>

The Child Mania Rating Scales (CMRS) is a 21-item diagnostic screening measure designed to identify symptoms of mania in children and adolescents aged 9–17 using diagnostic criteria from the DSM-IV, developed by Pavuluri and colleagues. There is also a 10-item short form. The measure assesses the child's mood and behavior symptoms, asking parents or teachers to rate how often the symptoms have caused a problem for the youth in the past month. Clinical studies have found the CMRS to be reliable and valid when completed by parents in the assessment of children's bipolar symptoms. The CMRS also can differentiate cases of pediatric bipolar disorder from those with ADHD or no disorder, as well as delineating bipolar subtypes. A meta-analysis comparing the different rating scales available found that the CMRS was one of the best performing scales in terms of telling cases with bipolar disorder apart from other clinical diagnoses. The CMRS has also been found to provide a reliable and valid assessment of symptoms longitudinally over the course of treatment. The combination of showing good reliability and validity across multiple samples and clinical settings, along with being free and brief to score, make the CMRS a promising tool, especially since most other checklists available for youths do not assess manic symptoms.

Christopher James Alfred Granville Fairburn is a British psychiatrist and researcher. He is Emeritus Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Oxford. He is known for his research on the development, evaluation and dissemination of psychological treatments, especially for eating disorders.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Attribution questionnaire</span> Psychological measurement

The Attribution Questionnaire (AQ) is a 27-item self-report assessment tool designed to measure public stigma towards people with mental illnesses. It assesses emotional reaction and discriminatory responses based on answers to a hypothetical vignette about a man with schizophrenia named Harry. There are several different versions of the vignette that test multiple forms of attribution. Responses assessing stigma towards Harry are in the form of 27 items rated on a Likert scale ranging from 1 (not at all) to 9 (very much). There are 9 subscales within the AQ that breakdown the responses one could have towards a person with mental illness into different categories. The AQ was created in 2003 by Dr. Patrick Corrigan and colleagues and has since been revised into smaller tests because of the complexity and hypothetical that did not capture children and adolescent's stigmas well. The later scales are the Attribution Questionnaire-9 (AQ-9), the revised Attribution Questionnaire (r-AQ), and the children's Attribution Questionnaire (AQ-8-C).

Grazing is a human eating pattern characterized as "the repetitive eating of small or modest amounts of food in an unplanned manner throughout a period of time, and not in response to hunger or satiety cues".

Body image disturbance (BID) is a common symptom in patients with eating disorders and is characterized by an altered perception of one's own body.

References

  1. ↑ Cooper, Z; Fairburn, CG (1987). "The Eating Disorder Examination: A semistructured interview for the assessment of the specific psychopathology of eating disorders". International Journal of Eating Disorders. 6: 1–8. doi:10.1002/1098-108x(198701)6:1<1::aid-eat2260060102>3.0.co;2-9.
  2. ↑ Fairburn, CG; Cooper, Z; Doll, HA; Davies, BA (2005). "Identifying Dieters Who Will Develop an Eating Disorder: A Prospective, Population-Based Study". The American Journal of Psychiatry. 162 (12): 2249–55. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2249. PMC   3035832 . PMID   16330587.
  3. ↑ International Journal of Eating Disorders Volume 25 Issue 3
  4. ↑ Bryant-Waugh, Rachel J.; Cooper, Peter J.; Taylor, Catherine L.; Lask, Bryan D. (May 1996). "The use of the eating disorder examination with children: A pilot study". International Journal of Eating Disorders. 19 (4): 391–397. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-108X(199605)19:4<391::AID-EAT6>3.0.CO;2-G. ISSN   0276-3478. PMID   8859397.
  5. ↑ Couturier, Jennifer; Lock, James; Forsberg, Sarah; Vanderheyden, Debbie; Yen, Huei Lee (July 2007). "The addition of a parent and clinician component to the eating disorder examination for children and adolescents". International Journal of Eating Disorders. 40 (5): 472–475. doi:10.1002/eat.20379. PMID   17726771.

Fairburn C, Cooper Z. The eating disorder examination. In: Fairburn C, Wilson G, editors. Binge eating: Nature, assessment, and treatment. 12. New York: Guilford Press; 1993

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.