The politics of Russia take place in the framework of the federal semi-presidential republic of Russia. According to the Constitution of Russia, the President of Russia is head of state, and of a multi-party system with executive power exercised by the government, headed by the Prime Minister, who is appointed by the President with the parliament's approval. Legislative power is vested in the two houses of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, while the President and the government issue numerous legally binding by-laws.
On the federal level, Russia elects a president as head of state and a legislature, one of the two chambers of the Federal Assembly. The president is elected for, at most, two consecutive six-year terms by the people. The Federal Assembly has two chambers. The State Duma has 450 members, elected for five-year terms, using a system of proportional representation, where parties gain a percentage of seats equal to the percentage of national votes they gained, with a 7% threshold required to gain any seats in the Duma. The Federation Council is not directly elected; each of the 85 federal subjects of Russia sends 2 delegates to the Federal Council, for a total of 170 members.
The Union of Right Forces political party, or SPS, is a Russia political public organization and former party, initially founded as an electoral bloc in 1999 and associated with free market reforms, privatization, and the legacy of the "young reformers" of the 1990s: Anatoly Chubais, Boris Nemtsov, and Yegor Gaidar. The party was officially self-dissolved in 2008. Nikita Belykh was the party's last leader in 2005-2008.
An Oblast is a type of federal subject of the Russian Federation.
The Federation Council is the upper house of the Federal Assembly of Russia, according to the 1993 Constitution of the Russian Federation. Each of the 85 federal subjects of Russia – consisting of 22 republics, 46 oblasts, nine krais, three federal cities, four autonomous okrugs, and one autonomous oblast – sends two senators to the Council, for a total membership of 170 Councillors.
Konstantin Alekseyevich Titov is a Russian politician. He was the Senator from Samara Oblast from 2007 to 2014 and Governor of Samara Oblast from 1991 till 2007.
Legislative elections were held in the Russian Federation on 2 December 2007. At stake were the 450 seats in the 5th State Duma, the lower house of the Federal Assembly of Russia. Eleven parties were included in the ballot, including Russia's largest party, United Russia, which was supported by President of Russia Vladimir Putin. Official results showed that United Russia won 64.3% of the votes, the Communist Party of the Russian Federation 11.6%, the Liberal Democratic Party of Russia 8.1%, and Fair Russia won 7.7%, and none of the other parties won enough votes to gain any seats.
A Just Russia, also translated as Fair Russia or A Fair and Just Russia, is a social-democratic political party in Russia.
Party of Growth (Russian: Партия Роста; Partiya Rosta is a political party in Russia with representatives in several local legislatures. Founded on 18 February 2009 as a merger of the Union of Rightist Forces, Civilian Power and the Democratic Party of Russia, the party's main policy stances are liberal free market economy, democracy and protecting the rights of the middle class. Although widely regarded as a pro-Kremlin party, it has already found itself in opposition to the presidential administration on several occasions.
Andrey Yuryevich Vorobyov is governor of Moscow Oblast, former head of the United Russia faction and one of the vice presidents of the State Duma.
The Moscow mayoral election of 2013 was held on September 8, 2013, as part of the regional elections, at the same time as the elections in Moscow Oblast and other Oblasts were held.
Moscow Oblast gubernatorial election of 2013 was held on September 8, 2013 as part of the regional elections, where 9 other oblasts held elections. It was also the same day as the mayoral election in the federal city of Moscow.
The highest official of the subject of the Russian Federation or the holder of the highest office of subject of the Russian Federation or the head of the highest executive body of state power of the subject of the Russian Federation, colloquially and collectively referred to as the title governor or head of region, is the head and the chief executive of each the federal subjects of Russia, not directly subordinate to the federal authorities, but the political and ceremonial head of the federal subject, all of which are equal constituent entities of Russia.
Legislative elections will be held in Russia no later than 19 September 2021 to elect the 450 seats the 8th convocation of the State Duma, the lower house of the Federal Assembly. Going into the elections, United Russia is the ruling party after winning the 2016 elections with 54.2% of the vote and 343 seats.
The Moscow Oblast Duma is the unicameral legislative body of Moscow Oblast, Russia. The body was established in 1993 upon the dissolution of the Moscow Oblast Soviet.
The Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug is the highest permanent and only legislative body of the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Together with the executive and judicial branches, the okrug's Duma is vested with power to control the okrug's own affairs with high levels of autonomy from Moscow. All members are elected by public vote and are titled as deputies. Deputies current have a five-year tenure.
The Sakhalin Oblast Duma is the highest permanent and only legislative body of the Sakhalin Oblast. Together with the executive and judicial branches, the oblast's legislative assembly is vested with power to control the oblast's own affairs with moderate levels of autonomy from Moscow. All members are elected by public vote and are titled as deputies. The tenure of the deputies are currently 5 years long.
