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Vincent Jen Chin was an American draftsman of Chinese descent who was killed in a racially motivated assault by two white men, Chrysler plant supervisor Ronald Ebens and his stepson, laid-off autoworker Michael Nitz. Ebens and Nitz assailed Chin following a brawl that took place at a strip club in Highland Park, Michigan, where Chin had been celebrating his bachelor party with friends in advance of his upcoming wedding. Against the backdrop of high anti-Japanese sentiment in the United States at the time – known as "Japan bashing" – they had assumed that Chin was Japanese and witnesses described them using anti-Asian racial slurs as they attacked him, ultimately beating him to death. Ebens and Nitz blamed Chin for the success of Japan's automotive industry in the country.
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American Citizens for Justice is an Asian American civil rights group formed in 1982 in Detroit, Michigan. While the Asian American movement was already developing in the West Coast of the United States, American Citizens for Justice was a significant force for a pan-Asian consciousness as part of the Asian American movement in the Midwest.
Life imprisonment is a legal penalty in Singapore. This sentence is applicable for more than forty offences under Singapore law, such as culpable homicide not amounting to murder, attempted murder, kidnapping by ransom, criminal breach of trust by a public servant, voluntarily causing grievous hurt with dangerous weapons, and trafficking of firearms, in addition to caning or a fine for certain offences that warrant life imprisonment.
References
- ↑ R. M. Bohm (2005). "Miscarriages of Criminal Justice: An Introduction". Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice.21 (3), 196 – 200.
- ↑ B. Forst (2004). Errors of Justice: Nature, Sources and Remedies. Cambridge University Press.
- ↑ Devlin, Patrick; "Easing the Passing", London, The Bodley Head, 1985
- ↑ Cullen, Pamela V., "A Stranger in Blood: The Case Files on Dr John Bodkin Adams", London, Elliott & Thompson, 2006, ISBN 1-904027-19-9
- ↑ Ronald Ebens vs. Chrysler Corporation, 88-810078 CZ (Mich 3rd Cir 1988).
- ↑ Wei, William (2002-06-14). "An American Hate Crime: The Murder of Vincent Chin". Tolerance.org. Archived from the original on 2007-09-28. Retrieved 2007-03-14.
- ↑ Article "20 years ago: The Vincent Chin murder – A product of anti-Japanese demagogy" on Spark
- 1 2 3 Helen Zia (2000). Asian American Dreams. Farrar, Straus & Giroux. ISBN 0-374-14774-4.
- ↑ UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff-Appellee v. RONALD EBENS, Defendant-Appellant
- ↑ Hearts fan who lunged at Neil Lennon jailed for eight months, Mirror
- ↑ Football: Why do people want to kill Neil Lennon?, Guardian