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A patriot is a person with the quality of patriotism.
Gideon Force was a small British and African special force, a Corps d’Élite with the Sudan Defence Force, Ethiopian regular forces and Arbegnoch. Gideon Force fought the Italian occupation in Ethiopia, during the East African Campaign of the Second World War. The leader and creator of the force was Major Orde Wingate. At its peak, Gideon Force had fifty officers, twenty British NCOs, 800 trained Sudanese troops and 800 part-trained Ethiopian regulars, a few mortars but no artillery and no air support, except for intermittent bombing sorties.
RasAbebe Aregai was a military commander who served as Prime Minister of Ethiopia from 27 November 1957 until his death. During the Italian occupation, he led a group of resistance fighters. They were collectively known as the Arbegnoch or "Patriots", and operated in Menz and Shewa. The British IWM labeled Abebe “one of the bravest men in the modern world.” He was a victim of the unsuccessful 1960 Ethiopian coup. Abebe was the grandchild of Ras Gobana Dacche, whose 1880s military expeditions led to the expansion of Ethiopia’s modern borders.
Gojjam is a historical province in northwestern Ethiopia, with its capital city at Debre Marqos.
Shifta is a term used in East Africa meaning rebel, outlaw, bandit, vigilante, brigand, or patriot originally having a heroic or anti-heroic connotation rather than a villainous characteristic similar to the legendary heroic romanticization of the outlaw Robin Hood in Western Society but over time, especially today, it has taken on a more villainous connotation. It is a term mostly used in Ethiopia, Eritrea, Kenya, Tanzania, and Somalia. The Swahili word was loaned from the Somali shufta during the Shifta War, which is in turn derived from Amharic ሽፍታ (šəfta). Historically, the shifta served as a local militia in particularly remote, rural and often lawless parts of the Horn of Africa. The word shifta can be translated as "bandit" or "outlaw", but can include anyone who rebels against an authority or an institution that is seen as illegitimate, like the Arbegnoch guerillas during the Italian occupation of Ethiopia.
Mengistu Lemma (1924–1988) was an Ethiopian playwright and poet.
Alamata is a town in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia. Located in the Debubawi (Southern) zone of Tigray it has a latitude and longitude of 12°25′N39°33′E and an elevation of 1,520 metres (4,990 ft) above sea level and is located along Ethiopian Highway 2. It is surrounded by Alamata woreda.
The Battle of Gondar or Capture of Gondar was the last stand of the Italian forces in Italian East Africa during the Second World War. The battle took place in November 1941, during the East African Campaign. Gondar was the main town of Amhara in the mountains north of Lake Tana in Ethiopia, at an elevation of 7,000 ft (2,100 m) and had an Italian garrison of 40,000 men, commanded by Generale Guglielmo Nasi.
Haile Selassie Gugsa CBE (1907–1985) was an Ethiopian army commander and member of the Imperial family from Tigray. He is known for betraying his country during the Second Italo-Ethiopian War and becoming a fascist collaborator.
Fikremariam was an Ethiopian commander and a patriot.
Sheno (Shanoo) is a town in central Ethiopia. Located in the Kaba Shewa Zone, Oromia, it has an elevation of 2918 meters above sea level. It is the administrative center of Kembibit Aanaa. The main buildings in the city that can be shown is the new building built by a German philanthropist organization Menschen für Menschen. Older buildings that are serving as school and city administration were the remnants from the Italian camping site during the 5 years stay of the Italians.
Harar Governorate was one of the six governorates of Italian East Africa. It was formed in 1936 from parts of the conquered Ethiopian Empire following the Second Italo-Ethiopian War.
Belay Zeleke was an Ethiopian military commander who led the Arbegnoch resistance movement in Gojjam against the Fascist Italians during the Italian occupation of Ethiopia from 1936 to 1941. He emerged as a brigand leader after his five-year struggle against Italian rule in Ethiopia.
Abune Petros was an Ethiopian bishop and martyr, who was known for execution by firearm in 1936 by the Fascists for his resistance to the Italian invasion.
The siege of Saïo or battle of Saïo took place during the East African Campaign of World War II. Belgo-Congolese troops, British Commonwealth forces and local resistance fighters besieged the fort at the market town of Saïo in south-western Ethiopia in 1941. The siege lasted for several months, culminating in an Allied attack on the Italian garrison thereby forcing it to surrender.
The Arbegnoch were Ethiopian anti-fascist World War II resistance fighters in Italian East Africa from 1936 until 1941 who fought against Fascist Italy's occupation of the Ethiopian Empire.
Haile Mariam Mammo, alternatively known as Lej Hayla Maryam Mammo, was an Ethiopian soldier and a leader of the Patriot movement (Arbegnoch) during the Italian occupation of Ethiopia. He fought in the Second Italo-Ethiopian War in 1936 before becoming a resistance leader in his native province of Shewa. He was mortally wounded in battle with the Italians.
The Ethiopian Patriots' Victory Day, also called Meyazia 27, is a national holiday in Ethiopia celebrating on 5 May in commemoration of the Ethiopian resistance movement Arbegnoch victory over Italian five year occupation of Ethiopia, and the return of Emperor Haile Selassie to the throne in 1941.
References
- ↑ "Italy Abyssinia Ethiopia War 1935-1936". www.onwar.com. Archived from the original on 2001-02-12.
- ↑ "Mussolini's Invasion and the Italian Occupation (Ethiopia)".
- ↑ "ARBEGNOCH/ETHIOPIAN PATRIOTS". ARBEGNOCH/ETHIOPIAN PATRIOTS. Retrieved 2023-03-13.