Etoy is a European digital art group formed in 1994. It has won several international awards including the Prix Ars Electronica in 1996. Their main slogan is: "leaving reality behind."
Etoy has routinely experimented with the boundaries of art, such as selling shares of "stock" in the etoy.corporation, a registered company in Switzerland [1] and travelling the world as well as living in "etoy.tanks" (cargo containers). [2]
etoy was founded in 1994 by Gino Esposto (etoy.ESPOSTO/CARL), Michel Zai (etoy.ZAI), Daniel Udatny (etoy.UDATNY), Martin Kubli (etoy.KUBLI), Marky Goldstein (etoy.GOLDSTEIN), Fabio Gramazio (etoy.GRAMAZIO) and Hans Bernhard (etoy.BRAINHARD/HANS).
The group first used the name "etoy" in 1994, for performances at raves and techno music events. [3] The group's members, based in various European countries, were referred to as "agents". [3]
etoy reached worldwide fame in 1996 with the digital hijack. In the same year, etoy won the Prix Ars Electronica. The group's work includes numerous digital performances.
Following internal conflicts, only Gramazio, Zai and Kubli were left of the founding members in 1998 after several resignations. New agents supported etoy in 1999/2000 in the battle against the online toy retailer eToys for the internet domain “etoy.com” and American trademark rights, which became known as toywar.
Since 2005, etoy.CORPORATION has been working on Mission Eternity.
In 2007, German and Swiss director Andrea Reiter realised a documentary (produced by Hugofilm) about etoy's "Mission Eternity" project, a "digital cult of the dead". [4] This art project dealt with topics such as death and immortalization. She and her team followed the etoy.CREW and their Mission Eternity sarcophagus to Berlin, Zurich, San Jose and Nevada. The Hugofilm production was released in early 2008.
As of 2015, a history overview on the group's website describes it as entering "hibernation mode" in 2013. [5]
Over one hundred etoy shares are owned by art collectors, museums and others. Each certificate documents an (ownership) share in the overall work and at the same time visually represents an important moment in the company or art history.
The toywar was a legal battle around 1999/2000 between the Internet toy retailer eToys.com and etoy about the domain name etoy.com. Fearing brand dilution and customer confusion about the similar domain names, eToys sued etoy for trademark infringement, and asked etoy to remove graphic images and profane language from their website that were bringing customer complaints. The artists refused to comply, and eToys eventually obtained a preliminary injunction against etoy which shut down their website. [6] etoy fought back with a coordinated public relations campaign and Internet-based denial of service attacks on eToys.com. [7] After several weeks eToys dropped the lawsuit and the etoy website returned to operation. [8]
etoy activists have called it "the most expensive performance in art history". [9] The story is one of the subjects of the documentary film, info wars .
An email campaign was led by Internet activists including etoy agents developing the toywar website.
A book about the story of the etoy corporation, Leaving reality behind, by Regula Bochsler and Adam Wishart was released in 2002.
Software art is a work of art where the creation of software, or concepts from software, play an important role; for example software applications which were created by artists and which were intended as artworks. As an artistic discipline software art has attained growing attention since the late 1990s. It is closely related to Internet art since it often relies on the Internet, most notably the World Wide Web, for dissemination and critical discussion of the works. Art festivals such as FILE Electronic Language International Festival, Transmediale (Berlin), Prix Ars Electronica (Linz) and readme have devoted considerable attention to the medium and through this have helped to bring software art to a wider audience of theorists and academics.
Manfred Mohr is a German artist considered to be a pioneer in the field of digital art. He has lived and worked in New York since 1981.
The Prix Ars Electronica is one of the best known and longest running yearly prizes in the field of electronic and interactive art, computer animation, digital culture and music. It has been awarded since 1987 by Ars Electronica.
SITO is an online artist collective which began in January 1993, making it one of the oldest Internet-based art organizations. It was started by Ed Stastny and has been maintained by Stastny and a group of volunteers and supporters.
RTMark is an anti-consumerist activist collective, whose stated aim is to subvert the "Corporate Shield" that "protects" American corporations. The name is derived from "Registered Trademark".
UBERMORGEN.COM is a Swiss-Austrian-American artist duo founded in 1995 and consisting of lizvlx and Luzius Bernhard. They live and work in Basel, S-chanf near St. Moritz and in Vienna, where both are professors at the University of Applied Arts Vienna.
eToys.com was a retail website that sold toys via the Internet. It was established by a startup company of the same name on November 3, 1997. After an initial public offering on January 4, 1999, the company quickly shot up in value, becoming emblematic of the dot-com bubble. The company went bankrupt on April 1, 2001, and shut down soon thereafter. The etoys.com domain went through a number of changes of ownership afterwards, and has been owned by Toys "R" Us since February 2009.
Eyebeam is a not-for-profit art and technology center in New York City, founded by John Seward Johnson III with co-founders David S. Johnson and Roderic R. Richardson.
Golan Levin is an American new media artist, composer, performer and engineer interested in developing artifacts and events which explore supple new modes of reactive expression.
Zachary Lieberman is an American new media artist, designer, computer programmer, and educator.
Neural is a print magazine established in 1993 dealing with new media art, electronic music and hacktivism. It was founded by Alessandro Ludovico and Minus Habens Records label owner Ivan Iusco in Bari (Italy). In its first issue there was the only translation in Italian of William Gibson's Agrippa .
Tom Corby and Gavin Baily (1970) are two London based artists who work collaboratively using public domain data, climate models, satellite imagery and the Internet. Recent work has focused on climate change and its relationship to technology and has involved collaborations with scientists working at the British Antarctic Survey. Corby and Baily are founder members of the Atmospheric Research Collective, an experimental artist group which works in collaboration with climate scientists. For an overview of recent works see "An interview with artist and writer Tom Corb y".
Etsuko Yakushimaru is a Japanese singer, producer, composer, lyricist, arranger and artist. She is broadly active, from pop music to experimental music and art. Her output has also included drawing, installation art, media art, poetry and other literature, and recitation. She also produces numerous projects and for artists, including her band, Sōtaisei Riron. Along with appearing in the Oricon charts with several hit songs, she has also created a project that involved the use of satellite, biological data and biotechnology, a song-generating robot powered by artificial intelligence and her own voice, an independently-developed VR system, and original electronic musical instruments. Major recent activities include exhibitions at Mori Art Museum, Toyota Municipal Museum of Art, KENPOKU ART 2016, and Yamaguchi Center for Arts and Media [YCAM]. Her Tensei Jingle and Flying Tentacles albums, both released in 2016, received praise from figures including Ryuichi Sakamoto, Jeff Mills, Fennesz, Penguin Cafe, Kiyoshi Kurosawa and Toh EnJoe. She is known for her solo works including theme songs in several anime series, such as The Tatami Galaxy, Arakawa Under The Bridge, Space Dandy, Sailor Moon Crystal, Hi Score Girl, Eureka Seven and Mawaru Penguindrum. As well as being the lead vocal of the rock band Sōtaisei Riron, she also works as a contemporary artist, illustrator and narrator. She also goes by the alias of Tica α (ティカ・α) when credited for lyrics and composing. In 2017 she won the STARTS Prize for Artistic Exploration for converting her pop song I’m Humanity into DNA.
The Thing is an international net-community of artists and art-related projects that was started in 1991 by Wolfgang Staehle. The Thing was launched as a mailbox system accessible over the telephone network in New York feeding a Bulletin Board System (BBS) in 1991 before their website was launched in 1995 on the World Wide Web. By the late 1990s, The Thing grew into a diverse online community made up of dozens of members' Web sites, mailing lists, a successful Web hosting service, a community studio in Chelsea (NYC), and the first website devoted to Net Art: bbs.thing.net.
Assocreation is a group of fine artists founded in Vienna, Austria in 1997. Its works are primarily based on haptic perception and conscious temporal motion in space. In seeking to inspire reflection and insight through motion and sensory experiences, Assocreation works primarily with interactive installations and public happenings. Ground and floor play an important role in its works.
Paolo Cirio is a conceptual artist, hacktivist and cultural critic.
Ars Electronica Linz GmbH is an Austrian cultural, educational and scientific institute active in the field of new media art, founded in Linz in 1979. It is based at the Ars Electronica Center (AEC), which houses the Museum of the Future, in the city of Linz. Ars Electronica's activities focus on the interlinkages between art, technology and society. It runs an annual festival, and manages a multidisciplinary media arts R&D facility known as the Futurelab. It also confers the Prix Ars Electronica awards.
Thom Kubli is a Swiss-German composer and artist known for installation art and sculptures that often deploy sound as a significant element, using digital technologies and material configurations that increase the viewers' spatial perception.
Lucas LaRochelle is a Canadian artist and designer based in Montreal, Quebec. They are best known as the creator of the community-based online collaborative mapping platform Queering the Map.
Black Hole Horizon is a kinetic sculpture created by Swiss-German artist Thom Kubli between the years 2012 and 2015.