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The Supreme Court of Canada is the highest court in the judicial system of Canada. It comprises nine justices, whose decisions are the ultimate application of Canadian law, and grants permission to between 40 and 75 litigants each year to appeal decisions rendered by provincial, territorial and federal appellate courts. The Supreme Court is bijural, hearing cases from two major legal traditions and bilingual, hearing cases in both official languages of Canada.
The Canadian order of precedence is a nominal and symbolic hierarchy of important positions within the governing institutions of Canada. It has no legal standing, but is used to dictate ceremonial protocol.
The chief justice of Canada is the presiding judge of the nine-member Supreme Court of Canada, the highest judicial body in Canada. As such, the chief justice is the highest-ranking judge of the Canadian court system. The Supreme Court Act makes the chief justice, a Crown in Council appointment, meaning the Crown acting on the advice of the prime minister and minister of justice. The chief justice serves until they resign, turn 75 years old, die, or are removed from office for cause. By tradition, a new chief justice is chosen from among the court's incumbent puisne justices.
The Tax Court of Canada, established in 1983 by the Tax Court of Canada Act, is a federal superior court which deals with matters involving companies or individuals and tax issues with the Government of Canada.
Julian Fantino,, is a Canadian retired police official and former politician. He was the Conservative Party of Canada Member of the Parliament of Canada for the riding of Vaughan following a November 29, 2010 by-election, until his defeat in 2015. On January 4, 2011, Fantino was named Minister of State for Seniors; on May 18, 2011, he became Associate Minister of National Defence; on July 4, 2012, he was named Minister for International Cooperation. Fantino served as the Minister of Veterans Affairs from 2013 until 2015, when he was demoted to his earlier post of Associate Minister of National Defence following sustained criticism of his performance at Veterans Affairs. He was defeated by Liberal candidate Francesco Sorbara in the 2015 election.
Lyse Lemieux is the former Chief Justice of the Quebec Superior Court from 1996 until 2004. Lemieux was the first and only woman to ever hold the office of Chief Justice in the Province of Quebec until the appointment of Marie-Anne Paquette in 2022.
The Supreme Court of Yukon is the superior court having general jurisdiction for the Canadian territory of Yukon. Civil and criminal cases are heard by the court, as well as appeals from the Yukon Territorial Court, the Yukon Small Claims Court and other quasi-judicial boards. The court is based in Whitehorse. Appeals from the court are made to the Court of Appeal of Yukon.
The Court of Appeal for Ontario is the appellate court for the province of Ontario, Canada. The seat of the court is Osgoode Hall in downtown Toronto.
The Superior Court of Justice is a superior court in Ontario. The Court sits in 52 locations across the province, including 17 Family Court locations, and consists of over 300 federally appointed judges.
The Superior Court of Quebec is a superior trial court in the Province of Quebec, in Canada. It consists of 157 judges who are appointed by the federal government. Appeals from this court are taken to the Quebec Court of Appeal.
Judicial appointmentsin Canada are made by the federal government or provincial government. Superior and federal court judges are appointed by federal government, while inferior courts are appointed by the provincial government.
Warren Keith Winkler, is a Canadian jurist and a former Chief Justice of Ontario. Appointed by Prime Minister Stephen Harper on June 1, 2007, Winkler was previously Regional Senior Judge of the Ontario Superior Court of Justice for the Toronto Region. Winkler reached the mandatory retirement age of 75 on December 10, 2013, and has since retired as the Chief Justice of Ontario. He served as Chair of the Order of Ontario Advisory Council. Mr. Winkler is now a Member Arbitrator at Arbitration Place in Toronto.
The Ontario order of precedence is a nominal and symbolic hierarchy used for ceremonial occasions of a provincial nature within the province of Ontario. It has no legal standing but is used to dictate ceremonial protocol.
The chief justice of Malta is the primus inter pares of the members of the Maltese judiciary and leads the business of the superior courts of Malta.
Anne MacKenzie is a judge of the Court of Appeal of British Columbia since January 1, 2012. She previously served as the Associate Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of British Columbia. MacKenzie graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in 1973 followed by a Bachelor of Laws in 1977 from the University of British Columbia in Vancouver. She articled with the firm of Guild Yule and Company, and upon her call to the bar joined the offices of the Department of Justice.
Michael H. Tulloch is a Canadian judge. On December 19, 2022, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau announced the appointment of Tulloch as the new Chief Justice of Ontario. He is the first Black judge appointed to the Ontario Court of Appeal and the first Black Chief Justice of any province.
Frank Neal Stephen Marrocco served as a Canadian judge from 2005 until 2020 and as Associate Chief Justice of the Superior Court of Justice from 2013 to 2020. He was initially appointed to the Superior Court of Justice in 2005 on the recommendation of Prime Minister Paul Martin and then elevated in 2013 to Associate Chief Justice by Prime Minister Stephen Harper.
Marc Gold is a Canadian law professor and politician who has served as Representative of the Government in the Senate since 2020. Gold has sat as the senator for Stadacona, Quebec since he was appointed on the advice of Prime Minister Justin Trudeau in 2016. He was a member of the Independent Senators Group (ISG) caucus from 2016 to 2020 but now sits as an Independent. Prior to his appointment as a senator, Gold taught law and was appointed associate dean at Osgoode Hall Law School.
Geoffrey B. Morawetz is Chief Justice of the Superior Court of Justice in Ontario, Canada. He was first appointed to the bench in 2005. On December 18, 2013 he was appointed Regional Senior Justice for the Toronto Region of the Superior Court. On June 27, 2019, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau announced the appointment of Regional Senior Justice Morawetz as Chief Justice of the Superior Court of Justice of Ontario, effective July 1, 2019, replacing the Honourable Heather J. Smith.
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