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The civil service is a collective term for a sector of government composed mainly of career civil servants hired on professional merit rather than appointed or elected, whose institutional tenure typically survives transitions of political leadership. A civil servant is a person employed in the public sector by a government department or agency or public sector undertakings. Civil servants work for central government and state governments, and answer to the government, not a political party. The extent of civil servants of a state as part of the "civil service" varies from country to country. In the United Kingdom, for instance, only Crown employees are referred to as civil servants whereas employees of Local Authorities are generally referred to as "local government civil service officers" who are public servants but not civil servants. A civil servant is a public servant but a public servant is not necessarily a civil servant.
The Hong Kong Civil Service is managed by 13 policy bureaux in the Government Secretariat, and 67 departments and agencies, mostly staffed by civil servants. The Secretary for the Civil Service (SCS) is one of the Principal Officials appointed under the Accountability System and a Member of the Executive Council. He heads the Civil Service Bureau (CSB) of the Government Secretariat and is responsible to the Chief Executive (CE) for civil service policies as well as the overall management and development of the civil service. His primary role is to ensure that the civil service serves the best interests of the community and delivers various services in a trustworthy, efficient and cost effective manner. The CSB assumes overall policy responsibility for the management of the civil service, including such matters as appointment, pay and conditions of service, staff management, manpower planning, training, and discipline.
The All India Services (AIS) comprises three civil services namely the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and the Indian Police Service (IPS) and the Indian Forest Service (IFS). A unique feature of the All India Services is that the members of these services are recruited by the centre, but their services are placed under various State cadres, and they have the liability to serve both under the State and under the centre. Due to the federal polity of the country, this is considered one of the tools that makes union government stronger than state governments. Officers of these three services comply to the All India Services Rules relating to pay, conduct, leave, various allowances etc.
The Union Public Service Commission, commonly abbreviated as UPSC, is India's premier central recruiting agency for central government public servants. It is responsible for appointments to and examinations for Group A & Group B posts under civil services cadre and defence services cadre of Union government. While Department of Personnel and Training is the central personnel agency in India.
The Civil Service of Ireland is the collective term for the permanent staff of the departments of state and certain state agencies who advise and work for the Government of Ireland. It consists of two broad components, the Civil Service of the Government and the Civil Service of the State. Whilst these two components are largely theoretical they do have some fundamental operational differences.
The Central Superior Services is a permanent elite civil service authority, and the civil service that is responsible for running the bureaucratic operations and government secretariats and directorates of the Cabinet of Pakistan. The Prime Minister is the final authority on all matters regarding the civil service.
The Cabinet of Nigeria is part of the Executive Branch of the Government of Nigeria. The Cabinet's role, as written in the Ministers' Statutory Powers and Duties Act is to serve as an advisory body to the President of Nigeria. Members of the Cabinet are appointed and report to the President, who can dismiss them at will. The Cabinet currently oversees 24 Federal Ministries, each responsible for some aspect of providing government services, as well as a number of parastatals.
The Ceylon Civil Service, popularly known by its acronym CCS, was the premier civil service of the Government of Ceylon under British colonial rule and in the immediate post-independence period. Established in 1833, it functioned as part of the executive administration of the country to various degrees until Ceylon gained self-rule in 1948. Until it was abolished on 1 May 1963 it functioned as the permanent bureaucracy or secretariat of Crown employees that assisted the Government of Ceylon.
The Manipur Public Service Commission is the Constitutional body constituted for recommending candidates for recruitment to various posts of the Government of Manipur. It also gives concurrence on the recommendation of Departmental Promotion Committee for appointment to various posts. The Commission also gives concurrence on the framing/ amendment of Recruitment Rules. It also tender advice to the Government Departments on service matters including disciplinary cases.
The Nigerian Civil Service consists of employees in Nigerian government agencies other than the military and police. Most employees are career civil servants in the Nigerian ministries, progressing based on qualifications and seniority. Recently the head of the service has been introducing measures to make the ministries more efficient and responsive to the public.
Stephen Osagiede Oronsaye is a Nigerian accountant and civil servant who was appointed Head of the Civil Service of the Federation in June 2009. He began an energetic program of reform immediately after his appointment. He retired on 16 November 2010 after reaching the statutory retirement age of 60, and was succeeded by Oladapo Afolabi.
The Federal Ministry of Finance is the government body that manages the finances of the Federal Government of Nigeria, including managing, controlling and monitoring federal revenues and expenditures.
The Civil Services refer to the career civil servants who are the permanent executive branch of the Republic of India. The civil service system is the backbone of the administrative machinery of the country.
The Government of Rivers State consists of elected representatives and appointed officials responsible for the government of Rivers State, Nigeria. Rivers State has a population of about 5 million people, and is one of the 36 states that make up the Federal Republic of Nigeria. The state government is composed of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, whose powers are vested by the Constitution in the House of Assembly, the Governor and the High Court. The judiciary operates independently of the executive and the legislature. At the local level, elected officials are in charge of local government areas.
The Cabinet Secretary is the top-most executive official and senior-most civil servant of the Government of India. The Cabinet Secretary is the ex-officio head of the Civil Services Board, the Cabinet Secretariat, the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), and all civil services under the rules of business of the government.
The Tamil Nadu Public Service Commission (TNPSC) is a department of the government of Tamil Nadu that is responsible for governing the recruitment of personnel into the state's public service. It is the successor of the Madras Service Commission, which came into being under an Act of the Madras Legislature in 1929 and was the first Provincial Public Service Commission in India. It adopted its current name in 1970. TNPSC operates under Articles 315 to 323 of Part XIV of the Constitution of India.
The Telangana State Public Service Commission (TSPSC) is a body created by the Constitution of India to select applicants for civil service jobs in the Indian state of Telangana according to the merits of the applicants and the rules of reservation.
The Central Civil Services (CCS) is part of Civil Services of India and are concerned directly with the union non-political executive administration and is the permanent Executive body of the federal Government of India. Most of the specialized fields in civil services in India belong to the central services.
The Gujarat Public Service Commission (GPSC) was formed under article 315(1) in the Constitution of India in 1 May 1960. To select applicants for civil service in the Indian state of Gujarat according to the merits of the applicants and the rules of reservation. It was formed in 1960.
Musa Daggash, OFR was a retired Nigerian civil servant, who served as Permanent Secretary for the Ministry of Mines and Power, then the Ministry of Defence and finally the Ministry of Transport. Daggash was part of the cohort of civil servants referred to as Super Permanent Secretaries. From 15 January 1966 to 3 June 1967, Nigeria had no Ministers, that was a period of over fifteen months. The two military regimes of Major General Aguiyi Ironsi and General Yakubu Gowon made permanent secretaries members of their Federal Executive Councils. These individuals were later referred to as "Super Permanent Secretaries".
References
- 1 2 3 "OHCSF & THE FCSC - RELATIONSHIP". Office of the Head of Service of the Federation. Archived from the original on 2009-10-09. Retrieved 2009-12-21.
- ↑ "FMF Careers". Federal Ministry of Finance, Nigeria. Archived from the original on 2010-03-14. Retrieved 2009-12-21.
- ↑ Alex Emeje (October 12, 2009). "Dying to be Permanent Secretaries". Timbuktu Media. Archived from the original on July 21, 2011. Retrieved 2009-12-21.
- ↑ Habeeb I. Pindiga (26 October 2009). "New Service Tenure - Oronsaye, FCSC Boss Clash Over Exams" . Retrieved 2009-12-21.