Fernando Ruiz de Castro Andrade y Portugal (14 December 1548 - 20 September 1601) was a Galician (Spanish) nobleman who was Viceroy of Naples from 1599 to 1601. He was the 6th Count of Lemos, an old title from Galicia, centered in the lands around the town of Monforte de Lemos. He was also 3rd Marquis of Sarria and a grandee of Spain.
He was born at Lerma as son of Pedro Fernández de Castro, V Count of Lemos and his first wife, Leonor de la Cueva y Girón, daughter of Beltrán de la Cueva, 3rd Duke of Alburquerque. [1]
He married in 1574 Catalina de Zúñiga y Sandoval, sister of the Duke of Lerma, Valido and "shadow king" of Spain between 1601 and 1618. They had 3 sons :
In 1599, he was appointed Viceroy of Naples. Philosopher Tommaso Campanella was incarcerated during his tenure in Naples (1599). He also ordered the construction of Royal Palace of Naples, designed by Domenico Fontana.
Fernando Ruiz de Castro died in Naples two years later. His second son Francisco Ruiz de Castro succeeded him as viceroy of Naples.
Francisco Gómez de Sandoval y Rojas, 1st Duke of Lerma, 5th Marquess of Denia, 1st Count of Ampudia, was a favourite of Philip III of Spain, the first of the validos through whom the later Habsburg monarchs ruled. His administration was marked by costly wars, including the Twelve Years' Truce with the Dutch Republic, financial mismanagement, and the controversial expulsion of the Moriscos. Eventually, he was deposed in 1618 under a palace intrigue orchestrated by his son and political rival, Cristóbal de Sandoval. Lerma retired as a cardinal and was succeeded by the Count-Duke of Olivares but faced financial penalties and died in 1625 at Valladolid.
Pedro Téllez-Girón, 3rd Duke of Osuna was a Spanish nobleman and politician. He was the 2nd Marquis of Peñafiel, 7th Count of Ureña, Spanish Viceroy of Sicily (1611–1616), Viceroy of Naples (1616–1620), a Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece since 1608, Grandee of Spain, member of the Spanish Supreme Council of War, and the subject of several poems by his friend, counselor and assistant, Francisco de Quevedo.
Duke of Osuna is a Spanish noble title that was first awarded in 1562 by King Philip II of Spain to Pedro Girón de la Cueva,. Pedro was also Viceroy of Naples, (1582–1586), Ambassador in Portugal and 5th Count of Ureña.
Pedro Nuño Colón de Portugal y Castro, 6th Duke of Veragua, 6th Marquess of Jamaica, 6th Count of Gelves was viceroy of New Spain from December 3, 1673, to December 8, 1673.
Ana Francisca Hermenegilda de Borja y Doria, condesa de Lemos (1640–1706) was the wife of Peruvian Viceroy Pedro Antonio Fernández de Castro, conde de Lemos. During his five-month absence from the capital, she was governor of the Viceroyalty. She thus became the first female governor of the Viceroyalty of Peru.
Duke of Medinaceli is an hereditary title in the peerage of Spain, accompanied by the dignity of Grandee. The Catholic Monarchs, Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile, created the title and awarded it on 31 October 1479 to Luis de la Cerda y de la Vega. He also held the title of 5th Count of Medinaceli, which was first awarded in 1368 to his ancestor, Bernal de Foix.
Beltrán de la Cueva y Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alburquerque,, was a Spanish nobleman and military leader.
Pedro Téllez-Girón, 1st Duke of Osuna, 5th count of Ureña was a Spanish nobleman and administrator.
Pedro Fernández de Castro, nicknamed el de la Guerra, was a powerful Galician noble and military figure of the House of Castro, descended by illegitimate lines from the kings of Castile-Leon-Galicia. Pedro Fernandez de Castro was Lord (Señor) of Lemos and Sarria and served as mayordomo mayor of Alfonso XI of Castile, adelantado de la frontera (governor) of Andalusia, Galicia and Murcia and pertiguero mayor of the lands of Santiago.
Francisco Ruiz de Castro y de Sandoval-Rojas was a Spanish nobleman and politician the 8th Count of Lemos.
Pedro Fernández de Castro y Andrade (1576–1622), better known as the Great Count of Lemos, was a Galician (Spanish) nobleman who was viceroy of Naples between 1610-1616, and was also president of the Council of the Indies and of Italy.
Francisco Fernández de la Cueva y de la Cueva, 7th Duke of Alburquerque was a Spanish nobleman, military and politician.
Count of Lemos is a hereditary title in the Peerage of Spain accompanied by the dignity of Grandee, granted in 1456 by Henry IV to Pedro Álvarez Osorio, as a result of his marriage to Beatriz Enríquez de Castilla, a cousin of the king.
The academia literaria was a literary tertulia popular during Spain's Golden Age of literature and the arts, from the early sixteenth century to the late seventeenth century, and especially during the reign of the Spanish Habsburgs and, in particular, that of King Philip II (1556–1598), a significant patron of Spanish art and culture. By the seventeenth century, these literary academies had become "one of the most prominent features of literary life... in Spain", and many leading men of letters, such as Lope de Vega, Luis de Góngora, Luis Vélez de Guevara and Francisco de Quevedo would be members of more than one academia.
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