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Papua New Guinea is a country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and its offshore islands in Melanesia. Officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, it shares its only land border with Indonesia to the west and it is directly adjacent to Australia to the south and the Solomon Islands to the east. Its capital, located along its southeastern coast, is Port Moresby. The country is the world's third largest island country, with an area of 462,840 km2 (178,700 sq mi).
Port Moresby, also referred to as Pom City or simply Moresby, is the capital and largest city of Papua New Guinea. It is one of the largest cities in the southwestern Pacific outside of Australia and New Zealand. It is located on the shores of the Gulf of Papua, on the south-western coast of the Papuan Peninsula of the island of New Guinea. The city emerged as a trade centre in the second half of the 19th century. During World War II, it was a prime objective for conquest by the Imperial Japanese forces during 1942–43 as a staging point and air base to cut off Australia from Southeast Asia and the Americas.
Religion in Papua New Guinea is dominated by various branches of Christianity, with traditional animism and ancestor worship often occurring less openly as another layer underneath or more openly side by side with Christianity. The Catholic Church has a plurality of the population. The courts, government, and general society uphold a constitutional right to freedom of speech, thought, and beliefs. A secular state, there is no state religion in the country, although the government openly partners with several Christian groups to provide services, and churches participate in local government bodies.
Raskol is a generic term for a criminal or group of criminals in Papua New Guinea, primarily in the larger cities, including Port Moresby and Lae. Raskol is a Tok Pisin word derived from the English word rascal and is currently used in Papua New Guinea to refer to gang members or criminals in general.
The monarchy of Papua New Guinea is a system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign and head of state of Papua New Guinea. The current Papua New Guinean monarch and head of state, since 8 September 2022, is King Charles III. As sovereign, he is the personal embodiment of the Papua New Guinean Crown. Although the person of the sovereign is equally shared with 14 other independent countries within the Commonwealth of Nations, each country's monarchy is separate and legally distinct. As a result, the current monarch is officially titled King of Papua New Guinea and, in this capacity, he and other members of the royal family undertake public and private functions domestically and abroad as representatives of Papua New Guinea. However, the King is the only member of the royal family with any constitutional role.
Chinese people in Papua New Guinea included, as of 2008, only about 1,000 of the "old Chinese"—locally born descendants of late 19th- and early 20th-century immigrants—remain in the country; most have moved to Australia. However, their numbers have been bolstered significantly by new arrivals from overseas Chinese communities in Southeast Asia and later from mainland China. There are also a few migrants from the Republic of China (Taiwan).
Papua New Guinea (PNG) is a constitutional parliamentary democracy with an estimated population of 6,187,591. Police brutality, provincial power struggles, violence against women, and government corruption all contribute to the low awareness of basic human rights in the country.
Cecilia Nembou is an educator and women's rights advocate from Papua New Guinea.
Margaret Aka is a soccer player and coach from Papua New Guinea. She is the first woman in Papua New Guinea — and the first in the world outside of New Zealand — to receive an Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) B License in coaching. The first woman in Papua New Guinea to coach a male league team, she is also only the third to do so worldwide.
Evelyn Lavu was the most senior pathologist in Papua New Guinea (PNG) and a recognised leader in the fight against HIV, malaria and drug-resistant tuberculosis. She was Director of the Central Public Health Laboratory in Papua New Guinea for over a decade and, in June 2021, became PNG's first and only female Professor of Medicine.
Tessie Soi is known throughout Papua New Guinea (PNG) as the founder of Friends Foundation. This organization supports people who have HIV/AIDS. She later became involved in supporting victims of family and sexual violence.
Margaret Nakikus was the first Papua New Guinean woman to head that country's National Planning Office. She is also known as the wife of Rabbie Namaliu, who was Papua New Guinea's prime minister between 1988 and 1992.
Ruth Kissam is a community organizer and a human rights activist who has focused on Sorcery Accusation Related Violence (SRV) in Papua New Guinea. She was awarded the Westpac Outstanding Woman (WOW) Award in Papua New Guinea in 2018.
Ellen Maev O'Collins, MBE was an Australian social worker by training, who became Emeritus Professor in the Department of Anthropology and Sociology at the University of Papua New Guinea.
Gazellah Bruder is one of Papua New Guinea's most prominent women artists. Her art, largely involving printmaking, focuses on gender, social, and sexual issues that continue to marginalise Papua New Guinean women, as well as on environmental topics. Her work has been exhibited at more than 50 exhibitions.
Michelle Nayahamui Rooney has dual Papua New Guinean and Australian nationality. She is a research fellow at the Development Policy Centre of the Australian National University and publishes extensively on matters relating to Papua New Guinea (PNG) and the Pacific islands.
Susan Setae is a women's rights advocate from Papua New Guinea (PNG). She is the president of the PNG Counselling Association and former president of the National Council of Women.
Betty Lovai, from Papua New Guinea (PNG), is a professor and the executive dean of the School of Humanities and Social Sciences at the University of Papua New Guinea (UPNG).
Anne Dickson-Waiko (1950–2018) was an academic from Papua New Guinea (PNG) who taught history and pioneered the teaching of gender studies in the country.
Avia Koisen is a lawyer from Papua New Guinea (PNG) who runs her own law firm. She was a founder member of Papua New Guinea Women in Chamber of Commerce and Industry (PNGWCCI) and has been its president. She is a campaigner against gender-based violence in the country.
References
- 1 2 "Dr Fiona backing women, fight against violence". The National. Retrieved 2021-10-02.
- 1 2 3 "Dr Fiona Hukula bio". Papua New Guinea National Research Institute. Retrieved 2021-10-02.
- ↑ "Advisory Board". Pacific Women Shaping Pacific Development. Retrieved 2021-10-02.
- ↑ University of St Andrews (26 June 2015). "Tweet: Congrats to Fiona Hukula, the first female anthropology PhD from PNG and her husband Simon Kenema PhD. #saintsof2015". Twitter. Retrieved 2021-10-02.
- ↑ "Chairman and Commissioners". Constitutional and Law Reform Commission of Papua New Guinea. Archived from the original on 2021-10-02. Retrieved 2021-10-02.
- 1 2 "PNG NRI farewells Dr. Fiona Hukula". PNGBuzz.com. 12 April 2021. Retrieved 2021-10-02.
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