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Lemurs are wet-nosed primates of the superfamily Lemuroidea, divided into 8 families and consisting of 15 genera and around 100 existing species. They are endemic to the island of Madagascar. Most existing lemurs are small, have a pointed snout, large eyes, and a long tail. They chiefly live in trees and are active at night.
The ruffed lemurs of the genus Varecia are strepsirrhine primates and are the largest extant lemurs within the family Lemuridae. Like all living lemurs, they are found only on the island of Madagascar. Formerly considered to be a monotypic genus, two species are now recognized: the black-and-white ruffed lemur, with its three subspecies, and the red ruffed lemur.
The giant mouse lemurs are members of the strepsirrhine primate genus Mirza. Two species have been formally described; the northern giant mouse lemur and Coquerel's giant mouse lemur. Like all other lemurs, they are native to Madagascar, where they are found in the western dry deciduous forests and further to the north in the Sambirano Valley and Sahamalaza Peninsula. First described in 1867 as a single species, they were grouped with mouse lemurs and dwarf lemurs. In 1870, British zoologist John Edward Gray assigned them to their own genus, Mirza. The classification was not widely accepted until the 1990s, which followed the revival of the genus by American paleoanthropologist Ian Tattersall in 1982. In 2005, the northern population was declared a new species, and in 2010, the World Wide Fund for Nature announced that a southwestern population might also be a new species.
Ankarana Special Reserve is a protected area in northern Madagascar created in 1956. It is a small, partially vegetated plateau composed of 150-million-year-old middle Jurassic limestone. With an average annual rainfall of about 2,000 millimetres (79 in), the underlying rocks have been eroded to produce caves and feed subterranean rivers—a karst topography. The rugged relief and the dense vegetation have helped protect the region from human intrusion.
The Madagascar dry deciduous forests represent a tropical dry forest ecoregion situated in the western and northern part of Madagascar. The area has high numbers of endemic plant and animal species but has suffered large-scale clearance for agriculture. They are among the world's richest and most distinctive dry forests and included in the Global 200 ecoregions by the World Wide Fund. The area is also home to distinctive limestone karst formations known as tsingy, including the World Heritage Site of Bemaraha.
Milne-Edwards' sportive lemur, or Milne-Edwards' weasel lemur, is a species of lemur in the family Lepilemuridae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
The white-footed sportive lemur, white-footed weasel lemur, or dry-bush weasel lemur is a species of lemur in the family Lepilemuridae, the sportive lemurs. It is similar in appearance to other lemurs in the family, with a grey back, a pale grey to white ventral side, and a light brown tail. It is a nocturnal animal that moves through the forest using a vertical clinging and leaping technique. It is endemic to Madagascar, inhabiting the southern subtropical or tropical dry shrubland. It is threatened by habitat loss due to agriculture practices and charcoal production.
The small-toothed sportive lemur, or small-toothed weasel lemur, is a primate species in the family Lepilemuridae that—like all extant lemurs—is endemic to Madagascar. The species lives in dense rainforest in southeastern Madagascar, and can be found in Ranomafana and Andringitra National Parks. Described in 1894, it was considered either a subspecies or taxonomic synonym of the weasel sportive lemur throughout most of the 20th century. Phylogenetic studies not only support its species status, but also suggest that it is the only eastern Malagasy sportive lemur that is more closely related to western than to other eastern species.
The northern sportive lemur, also known as the Sahafary sportive lemur or northern weasel lemur, is a species of lemur in the family Lepilemuridae. It is endemic to Madagascar. As a result of severe ecological and human pressures, the lemur is classified as Critically Endangered (CR) by the IUCN Red List.
The mouse lemurs are nocturnal lemurs of the genus Microcebus. Like all lemurs, mouse lemurs are native to Madagascar.
Zombitse-Vohibasia is a national park in the Atsimo-Andrefana region of south-west Madagascar. It is 147 kilometres (91 mi) north-east of the town of Toliara on the National road 7.
The Sahamalaza sportive lemur is a species of sportive lemur endemic to northern Madagascar.
The Antafia sportive lemur, or red-shouldered sportive lemur is a sportive lemur endemic to Madagascar. It has a total length of about 52 to 59 cm, of which 24–26 cm (9.4–10.2 in) are tail. The AEECL's sportive lemur is found in western Madagascar, living in dry deciduous forests.
Danfoss's mouse lemur, or the Ambarijeby mouse lemur, is a species of mouse lemur endemic to Madagascar. It lives in western deciduous forest within a limited range between the Sofia River and the Maevarano River. This species has been found in substantial populations in the Ambarijevy, Anjajavy, and Beanamaolo forests in Madagascar. Their lifespan is about 5 years but can live up to 10 years. They are part of the infra order called lemuriformes which represents 20% of the entire primates diversity and over 60% of the mammalian genera of Madagascar.
Lemurs were first classified in 1758 by Carl Linnaeus, and the taxonomy remains controversial today, with approximately 70 to 100 species and subspecies recognized, depending on how the term "species" is defined. Having undergone their own independent evolution on Madagascar, lemurs have diversified to fill many ecological niches normally filled by other types of mammals. They include the smallest primates in the world, and once included some of the largest. Since the arrival of humans approximately 2,000 years ago, lemurs have become restricted to 10% of the island, or approximately 60,000 square kilometers (23,000 sq mi), and many face extinction. Concerns over lemur conservation have affected lemur taxonomy, since distinct species receive increased conservation attention compared to subspecies.
Friends of the Earth – France is an association for the protection of people and the environment. It is one of 76 national groups around the world which make up the Friends of the Earth network of environmental organizations. The group is listed as an association under the French law of 1901 (Loi de 1901) and authorised to act for the protection of the environment in France by order of the Environment Minister. Friends of the Earth – France is independent of any economic, political and religious influences.
Analamazaotra Forest Station is a community-managed protected area in Analamazaotra National Park, and adjacent to Andasibe-Mantadia National Park, in the Alaotra-Mangoro region of east-central Madagascar. It consists of 710 hectares of rain forest and restored habitat. It is managed through a contract between the local community-run organization Mitsinjo and the Ministère des Eaux et Forets. Much of the forest station is being reforested with native vegetation through a habitat restoration project. Part of the David Attenborough-hosted 2011 BBC Madagascar documentary was filmed at Analamazaotra Forest Station, including a scene where lowland streaked tenrecs cross a small stream.
Berthe Rakotosamimanana was a primatologist and palaeontologist from Madagascar.
Microcebus jonahi, or Jonah's mouse lemur, is tiny species of primate. It weighs 60 g and has a body length of around 13 cm and its tail measures around 13 cm as well. It is the 25th recognized species of mouse lemur and the 108th recognized species of lemur.
References
- ↑ "Déclaration des pays membres de la commission de l'Océan Indien - Médiaterre". www.mediaterre.org. Retrieved 2021-02-01.
- ↑ Louis, Edward E. (2006). Special Publications. Museum of Texas Tech University. ISBN 978-1-929330-10-2.
- ↑ "Closing Remarks" (PDF). Proceedings of CITES Animals Committee. 15.
- ↑ "Association du Réseau des Systèmes d'Information Environnementale | ARSIE". Association du Réseau des Systèmes d'Information Environnementale (in French). Retrieved 2021-02-02.
- ↑ "Etude de la réglementation malgache en vigueur relative l'accès, la collecte et l'exportation des ressources génétiques, au droit de la propriété intellectuelle et à la protection des connaissances traditionnelles". Association du Réseau des Systèmes d'Information Environnementale (in French). Retrieved 2021-02-02.
- 1 2 Babin, Didier; Andriantsilavo, Fleurette; Aubert, Sigrid; PÉchard, Géraldine; Bourgeois, Caroline; Antona, Martine; Béchaux, Eléonore; Ramamonjisoa Ranaivoson, Lolona; Joly, Hélène I. (2001-12-01). "Methods of rapid appraisal for in-situ management of genetic resources: a Malagasy set of tools". Genetics Selection Evolution. 33 (1): S513–S535. doi: 10.1186/BF03500897 . ISSN 1297-9686. PMC 6781534 .
- ↑ "Mitsubishi offsets carbon footprint through investment in Madagascar's rain forest". EurekAlert!. Retrieved 2021-02-02.
- ↑ "News" (PDF). Ravintsara. 3 (3). 2005.
- ↑ Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2009-11-18). The Eponym Dictionary of Mammals. JHU Press. p. 137. ISBN 978-0-8018-9533-3.