Keizersgracht 478, Amsterdam, initial location of the gallery | |
Location |
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Origins | Founded in 1964 |
Key people | Riekje Swart |
Website | rkd.nl |
Galley Swart is a former Dutch gallery of Riekje Swart in Amsterdam from 1964 to 2000. The gallery promoted contemporary art of varies young art movements, and primarily wanted to arise interest for modern art. [1] [2]
Hendrika (Riekje) Swart was a Dutch gallery owner of Gallery Swart in Amsterdam from 1964 until 2000. She was awarded the Benno Premsela Prize in 2002 for her contribution to the development of visual arts in the Netherlands.
Amsterdam is the capital and most populous city of the Netherlands, with a population of 866,737 within the city proper, 1,380,872 in the urban area, and 2,410,960 in the metropolitan area. Amsterdam is in the province of North Holland. Amsterdam is colloquially referred to as the "Venice of the North" due to its large number of canals which are a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The Galley Swart was founded by Riekje Swart and opened its door in 1964 at the Keizersgracht 478 in a time there were only four or five real galleries in Amsterdam. [2]
The gallery came into prominence as promoter of a new group of young Dutch artists, which included Bob Bonies, Ad Dekkers and Peter Struycken and the German Ewerdt Hilgemann. This group opposed the dominant expressionism of the COBRA avant-garde movement, and worked towards a new type of abstract constructivism, [3] named systemic constructivism and computer art. [1]
Adriaan "Ad" Dekkers was a Dutch artist mostly known for his reliefs involving simple geometrical forms.
Peter Struycken is a Dutch artist, and the brother of actor Carel Struycken. He won the 2012 Heineken Prize for Arts from the Royal Netherlands Academy for Sciences.
Ewerdt Hilgemann is a German artist, currently living and working in the Netherlands.
In 1970 the gallery moved from the Keizersgracht to the Van Breestraat 23, [1] close to the Stedelijk Museum. The facade was painted black and inside a shoebox 4 by 11 meters with white walls and fluorescent lighting. [4] The next year, in 1971, the other contemporary art gallery in Amsterdam with an international outlook Art & Project moved to Van Breestraat 18 right opposite the gallery.
Art & Project was a leading contemporary art gallery by Geert van Beijeren & Adriaan van Ravesteijn from 1968 to 2001 in Amsterdam and Slootdorp, the Netherlands, as well as an influential art magazine published by the gallery between 1968 and 1989.
Beside the white reliefs and plastics she presented the pop art works of Ger van Elk, conceptual works of Jan Dibbets and contemporaries such as Donald Judd, Richard Paul Lohse, François Morellet, Robert Ryman en Richard Tuttle. [4] There were new exhibitions every three weeks with unique artworks as well as multiples with prices starting at 40 Dutch guilders. [1]
Ger van Elk was a Dutch artist who created sculptures, painted photographs, installations and film. His work has been described as being both conceptual art and arte povera. Between 1959 and 1988 he lived and worked in Los Angeles, New York City, and Amsterdam, except for a period of study in Groningen in the 1960s. In 1996 he won the J. C. van Lanschot Prize for Sculpture.
Jan Dibbets is an Amsterdam-based Dutch conceptual artist. His work is influenced by mathematics and works mainly with photography.
Donald Judd was an American artist associated with minimalism. In his work, Judd sought autonomy and clarity for the constructed object and the space created by it, ultimately achieving a rigorously democratic presentation without compositional hierarchy. It created an outpouring of seemingly effervescent works that defied the term "minimalism". Nevertheless, he is generally considered the leading international exponent of "minimalism," and its most important theoretician through such seminal writings as "Specific Objects" (1964). Judd voices his unorthodox perception of minimalism in Arts Yearbook 8, where he asserts; "The new three dimensional work doesn't constitute a movement, school, or style. The common aspects are too general and too little common to define a movement. The differences are greater than the similarities" Through his work Judd shines light on the profound effect on new three dimensional by specificity and generality.
In the late 1970s the gallery took a turn to the Figuration Libre art movement, presenting works of the France Robert Combas and Hervé di Rosa, Germans such as Walter Dahn, Jiri Dokoupil and Milan Kunc. Minimalistic art was traded in for raw works, comic like, full of sex and violence. [4]
Figuration Libre is a French art movement which began in the 1980s. It is the French equivalent of Bad Painting and Neo-expressionism in America and Europe, Junge Wilde in Germany and Transvanguardia in Italy. Arists in the movement typically incorporate elements of comic book art and graffiti into their work. They use bright colors and exaggerated, caricature-like figures.
Robert Combas is a French painter and sculptor, born May 25, 1957 in Lyon, France and now living and working in Paris.
While Gallery Swart remained at its location, the Art & Project gallery in 1973 already moved on to the Willemsparkweg 36 in Amsterdam. With the twist in orientation of the Gallery Swart, some of its elder artists such as Ger van Elk and Jan Dibbets left and joint the Art & Project stable.
The artists of the Figuration Libre movement in the 1980s soon became to successful for the galleries audience. The gallery took another turn and focused on another generation of young artists such as Bert Boogaard, Cecile van der Heiden, Joost van der Toorn [4] Wim Delvoye and André van de Wijdeven. [5]
Some examples of the type of works of the artists presented at Gallery Swart in the Netherlands over the years.
The Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam, colloquially known as the Stedelijk, is a museum for modern art, contemporary art, and design located in Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Wim Delvoye is a Belgian neo-conceptual artist known for his inventive and often shocking projects. Much of his work is focused on the body. He repeatedly links the attractive with the repulsive, creating work that holds within it inherent contradictions – one does not know whether to stare, be seduced, or to look away. As the critic Robert Enright wrote in the art magazine Border Crossings, "Delvoye is involved in a way of making art that reorients our understanding of how beauty can be created". Wim Delvoye has an eclectic oeuvre, exposing his interest in a range of themes, from bodily function, and scatology to the function of art in the current market economy, and numerous subjects in between. He lives and works in Brighton, UK.
Vincent Mentzel is a Dutch photographer, and staff photographer for the Dutch newspaper NRC Handelsblad since 1973. He is known for his photorealism.
Experimental filmmakers ask whether things could not be done differently. Underground films analyse and critique the mainstream film industry. They step back and reflect. Simultaneously, they take forward leaps to assess new options. Sometimes the makers are self-taught visual artists who make innovative work thanks to their original point of view. Other filmmakers primarily play with the medium film and seek an alternative to the dominant visual culture.
Danny Matthys is a Flemish - Belgian visual artist, which was originally known as conceptual artist of international reputation. In the beginning of his career in the 1960s, he was a pioneer in Polaroid art and Video art.
Willem Adriaan van Ravesteijn was a Dutch gallerist and art collectors in the Netherlands. He and Geert van Beijeren founded the leading Dutch art gallery Art & Project (1968–2001) and publishers of the art magazine of the same name (1968–1989). During its thirty-year existence, the gallery as well as the magazine made substantial contributions to the Dutch art climate.
Marinus Lambertus van den Boezem is a Dutch artist. He is known for his radical view of art and his works in public space. Together with Wim T. Schippers, Ger van Elk and Jan Dibbets, Boezem is seen as one of the main representatives of conceptual art and arte povera in the Netherlands in the late 1960s.
Miguel-Ángel Cárdenas, also known as Michel Cardena, was a Colombian-Dutch, New Realism and Pop Art painter and a pioneer of video art in the Netherlands. His works cover a variety of artistic media, including painting, drawing, video, photography, object assemblages and digital art.
Eva Bendien (1921–2000), was a Dutch art collector and art gallery owner.
Mohsen Rastani is an Iranian photographer and photojournalist. He mainly makes photographs of people on a black-and-white basis with a white background.
Wietske van Leeuwen is a Dutch ceramist, who lives and works in Monnickendam. Her works are constructed in a baroque style, with shells and fruit as recurring motifs.
Matthijs Nicolaas Röling is a Dutch painter, active as graphic designer, wall painter, painter, draftsman, lithographer, pen artist, etcher, and academy lecturer. He is considered a kindred spirit of the 3rd generation of the Dutch Group of figurative abstraction. Röling is described as the "figurehead of contemporary figurative painting in the Netherlands."
De Ateliers is an independent art school in located in Amsterdam. It was founded in Haarlem in 1963, among others by Ger Lataster, Mari Andriessen, Nic Jonk, Theo Mulder and Wessel Couzijn. This "group of established artists... agreed that the formative process of fine artists should be more individually directed than the learning of a trade or the studying of a science."
Galerie Wim van Krimpen, also Galerie Van Krimpen is a Dutch former art gallery in Amsterdam and Rotterdam by Wim van Krimpen.
Hendricus (Dick) Dankers was a Dutch furniture designer, and founder and gallery owner of The Frozen Fountain on the Prinsengracht in Amsterdam. He is remembered as "the man who brought the Netherlands to design."
Hendrik Everhart (Henk) Tas is a Dutch visual artist, working as a sculptor, photographer, graphic artist, and wall painter.