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References
- 1 2 Ludington, Flora Belle (September 1925). . Oregon Historical Quarterly. 26.
- 1 2 Heinzkill, Richard (August 1993). "A Brief History of Newspaper Publishing in Oregon". University of Oregon Libraries.
- 1 2 Turnbull, George Stanley (1939). "Abigail Scott Duniway". History of Oregon Newspapers . Portland, Ore.: Binfords & Mort.
- ↑ Gaston, Joseph (1911). . . Vol. 1.
- 1 2 3 4 Schmalenberger, Roberta Lee (1983). The German-Oregonians, 1850-1918 (MA thesis). Portland State University. doi: 10.15760/etd.5316 . Paper 3430.
- ↑ Pacific states newspaper directory (1894, sixth edition. p. 97.)
- 1 2 3 4 Schafer, Joseph (November 1917). . Oregon Exchanges. Vol. 1, no. 3.
- ↑ No Longer German, The Fourth Estate, September 22, 1917, p. 8.
- ↑ . Oregon Exchanges . November 1917.
