Linitis plastica is a morphological variant of diffuse stomach cancer in which the stomach wall becomes thick and rigid.
Cadherins (named for "calcium-dependent adhesion") are cell adhesion molecules important in forming adherens junctions that let cells adhere to each other. Cadherins are a class of type-1 transmembrane proteins,and they depend on calcium (Ca2+) ions to function,hence their name. Cell-cell adhesion is mediated by extracellular cadherin domains,whereas the intracellular cytoplasmic tail associates with numerous adaptors and signaling proteins,collectively referred to as the cadherin adhesome.
Virgil Craig Jordan,,was an American and British scientist specializing in drugs for breast cancer treatment and prevention. He was Professor of Breast Medical Oncology,and Professor of Molecular and Cellular Oncology at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center,Houston,Texas. Previously,he was Scientific Director and Vice Chairman of Oncology at the Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center of Georgetown University. Jordan was the first to discover the breast cancer prevention properties of tamoxifen and the scientific principles for adjuvant therapy with antihormones. His later work branched out into the prevention of multiple diseases in women with the discovery of the drug group,selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERMs). He later worked on developing a new Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) for post-menopausal women that prevents breast cancer and does not increase the risk of breast cancer.
Cadherin-1 or Epithelial cadherin(E-cadherin),is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CDH1 gene. Mutations are correlated with gastric,breast,colorectal,thyroid,and ovarian cancers. CDH1 has also been designated as CD324. It is a tumor suppressor gene.
Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is an incidental microscopic finding with characteristic cellular morphology and multifocal tissue patterns. The condition is a laboratory diagnosis and refers to unusual cells in the lobules of the breast. The lobules and acini of the terminal duct-lobular unit (TDLU),the basic functional unit of the breast,may become distorted and undergo expansion due to the abnormal proliferation of cells comprising the structure. These changes represent a spectrum of atypical epithelial lesions that are broadly referred to as lobular neoplasia (LN).
The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) is a professional organization representing physicians of all oncology sub-specialties who care for people with cancer. Founded in 1964 by Fred Ansfield,Harry Bisel,Herman Freckman,Arnoldus Goudsmit,Robert Talley,William Wilson,and Jane C. Wright,it has nearly 45,000 members worldwide.
Oncology is a branch of medicine that deals with the study,treatment,diagnosis,and prevention of cancer. A medical professional who practices oncology is an oncologist. The name's etymological origin is the Greek word ὄγκος(ónkos),meaning "tumor","volume" or "mass". Oncology is concerned with:
Peter Boyle,FRSE FFPH FRCPS(Glas) FRCP(Edin) FMedSci,was a British epidemiologist. He conducted research on globalisation of cancer,where he showed the dramatic increase of cancer in low- and medium income countries.
Otis Webb Brawley is an American physician and the Bloomberg Distinguished Professor of Oncology and Epidemiology at Johns Hopkins University. He served as Chief Medical and Scientific Officer and Executive Vice President of the American Cancer Society from July 2007 to November 2018. He is board certified in internal medicine and medical oncology and is a Master of the American College of Physicians,Fellow of the American Society of Clinical Oncology,and a Fellow of the American College of Epidemiology. He is a member of the Institute of Medicine now known as the National Academy of Medicine.
Kenneth Offit is an American cancer geneticist and oncologist known for his discoveries with respect to the genetic bases of breast,colorectal,and lymphoid cancers. He is currently Chief of the Clinical Genetics Service and the Robert and Kate Niehaus Chair in Inherited Cancer Genomics at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. Offit is also a member of the Program in Cancer Biology and Genetics at the Sloan-Kettering Institute and Professor of Medicine and Healthcare Policy and Research at Weill Cornell Medical College. He was previously a member of both the Board of Scientific Counselors of the National Cancer Institute and the Evaluation of Genomic Applications in Practice and Prevention working group of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control.
Eric P. Winer is a medical oncologist and clinical researcher specializing in breast cancer. He is director of Yale Cancer Center and president and physician-in-chief of Smilow Cancer Hospital Yale New Haven Health System,effective February 1,2022. He also is Deputy Dean for Cancer Research at Yale School of Medicine. From 1997 to 2021,he was the Chief of the Breast Oncology Program at Dana–Farber Cancer Institute in Boston,Massachusetts. Beginning in 2013,he held a range of institutional roles at Dana-Farber,including Chief of Clinical Development,the Thompson Chair in Breast Cancer Research and Director of the Dana-Farber/Harvard SPORE in Breast Cancer. He also served as a Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School. He was president of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) 2022-2023 and became Chair of the Board in mid-June 2023. His career has been focused on breast cancer treatment and research.
Henry Thompson Lynch was an American physician noted for his discovery of familial susceptibility to certain kinds of cancer and his research into genetic links to cancer.
Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) is an inherited genetic syndrome most often caused by an inactivating mutation in the E-cadherin gene (CDH1) located on chromosome 16. Individuals who inherit an inactive copy of the CDH1 gene are at significantly elevated risk for developing stomach cancer. For this reason,individuals with these mutations will often elect to undergo prophylactic gastrectomy,or a complete removal of the stomach to prevent this cancer. Mutations in CDH1 are also associated with high risk of lobular breast cancers,and may be associated with a mildly elevated risk of colon cancer.
Sonja Eva Singletary was an American surgeon who specialized in the care of breast cancer. She was a faculty member at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and a past president of the Society of Surgical Oncology.
Lori Jo Pierce is an American radiation oncologist and 57th President of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. She is a Full Professor and Vice Provost for Academic and Faculty Affairs at the University of Michigan. Her research focuses on the use of radiotherapy in the multi-modality treatment of breast cancer,with emphasis on intensity modulated radiotherapy in node positive breast cancer,the use of radiosensitizing agents,and the outcomes of women treated with radiation for breast cancer who are carriers of a BRCA1/2 breast cancer susceptibility gene.
Stephanie Lynn Schutt Graff is an American breast medical oncologist. She is the Director of Breast Oncology at the Lifespan Cancer Institute and an Assistant Professor of Medicine at Alpert Medical School. Previously she was the Director of both the Breast Program and Clinical Research at Sarah Cannon Research Institute at HCA Midwest Health at Sarah Cannon Research Institute and Associate Director of the Breast Cancer Research Program at Sarah Cannon Research Institute.
Hereditary lobular breast cancer is a rare inherited cancer predisposition associated with pathogenic CDH1 (gene) germline mutations,and without apparent correlation with the hereditary diffuse gastric cancer syndrome. Research studies identified novel CDH1 germline variants in women with diagnosed lobular breast cancer and without any family history of gastric carcinoma. Firstly,in 2018 Giovanni Corso et al. defined this syndrome as a new cancer predisposition and the Authors suggested additional clinical criteria to testing CDH1 in lobular breast cancer patients. In 2020,the International Gastric Cancer Linkage Consortium recognized officially that the hereditary lobular breast cancer is a possible independent syndrome. To date,there are reported about 40 families clustering for lobular breast cancer and associated with CDH1 germline mutations but without association with diffuse gastric cancer. Other recent studies demonstrated a possible correlation between hereditary lobular breast cancer and gastric cancer risk.
Fátima Carneiro is a Portuguese pathologist. Since 2001 she has been director of the Pathological Anatomy Service at the University Hospital Centre of São João in Porto. In September 2018 she was voted first in a list of the hundred "Best &Brightest" pathologists in the world by the magazine The Pathologist.
The European Cancer Prevention Organization (ECP) is a scientific organization representing physicians of all oncology sub-specialties with focus on cancer prevention. ECP was founded in 1981 with the support of several European scientists. The elected president of ECP is Professor Giovanni Corso. The Cancer Plan will aim to make at least 80% of the population aware of the Code by 2025.
Monica Bertagnolli is an American surgical oncologist and the 17th director of the National Institutes of Health. She previously served as the 16th director of the National Cancer Institute (NCI). Prior to her governmental positions,she worked at Brigham and Women's Hospital and Dana–Farber Cancer Institute and was the Richard E. Wilson Professor of Surgery at Harvard Medical School.
