Goodrich's Landing, earlier known as Pecan Grove and later known as Illawara, was a placename connected to a steamboat landing and plantation in Carroll Parish, Louisiana, United States. (Carroll Parish was divided into West Carroll Parish and East Carroll Parish in 1877.) Goodrich's Landing was the site of the American Civil War battle of Goodrich's Landing in 1863.
The area was alternately known as Pecan Grove after a plantation there. [1] [2] The plantation was established in 1825. [1] There was a school at Pecan Grove as early as 1837. [3] Henry Goodrich owned Pecan Grove plantation beginning sometime before 1847. [4] Pecan Grove had a main residence, a cotton gin, and slave quarters. [5] Pecan Grove was used as a site for political meetings [6] and had a Masonic lodge. [7]
The name Goodrich's Landing was in use by 1850. [8] The steamboat Daniel Boone sank at Goodrich's Landing in December 1859. [9] The location was the site of the Battle of Goodrich's Landing in 1863. [10] Once the U.S. Army had full control of the Mississippi, "Goodrich was turned over to the blacks again and a northern Freedmen's Aid Commission sent a young woman down from Chicago to teach the new citizens to read and write. She set up a school under the trees and began to initiate about 50 small children into the mysteries of the alphabet and the printed word. After a short time, she went back to Chicago, and the school was closed." [11] In 1864, after the lands in the vicinity of the Greenville Bends were no longer Confederate strongholds (although not yet wholly restored to the Union), a report on the "future supply of cotton" urged readers interested in the economy of the South to "Take, then, Sancho Lynch, at Goodrich's Landing, 'A right smart handy nigger-boy' to use the terms of two years ago; hiring his associates, he produced 75 bales of cotton, valued at $18,000. One slave-owner would have required an invested capital of $15,000 to accomplish what this man less than two years old in freedom has accomplished with no other capital than his own ability; and yet this man could not be trusted to take care of himself!" [12]
Four deaths from the yellow fever epidemic were reported at Goodrich's Landing in September 1878. [13] It was the site of a family cemetery that was eroding into the Mississippi River as of 1883. [1] Levees were being built and repaired by convict labor at Pecan Grove, Goodrich's Landing, and nearby Illawara in 1891. [14] There was a Pecan Grove Methodist Church at Goodrich's Landing. [15] The one-room Pecan Grove schoolhouse at Goodrich's Landing persisted until at least the 1890s. [16] [17]
According to a history of Carroll Parish prepared for the 1976 bicentennial of the United States, "due to the changing course of the Mississippi River, the Pecan Grove site is now located north of Henderson Island in the state of Mississippi." [3]
West Carroll Parish is a parish located in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 9,751. The parish seat is Oak Grove. The parish was founded in 1877, when Carroll Parish was divided.
Madison Parish is a parish located on the northeastern border of the U.S. state of Louisiana, in the delta lowlands along the Mississippi River. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,017. Its parish seat is Tallulah. The parish was formed in 1839. With a history of cotton plantations and pecan farms, the parish economy continues to be primarily agricultural. It has a majority African-American population. For years a ferry connected Delta, Louisiana to Vicksburg, Mississippi. The Vicksburg Bridge now carries U.S. Route 80 and Interstate 20 across the river into Madison Parish.
East Carroll Parish is a parish located in the Mississippi Delta in northeastern Louisiana. As of 2020, its population was 7,459. The parish seat is Lake Providence. An area of cotton plantations in the antebellum era, the parish in the early 21st century has about 74% of its land devoted to agriculture.
Lake Providence is a town in, and the parish seat of, East Carroll Parish in northeastern Louisiana. The population was 5,104 at the 2000 census and declined by 21.8 percent to 3,991 in 2010. The town's poverty rate is approximately 55 percent; the average median household income is $16,500, and the average age is 31.
Vicksburg is a historic city in Warren County, Mississippi, United States. It is the county seat. The population was 21,573 at the 2020 census. Located on a high bluff on the east bank of the Mississippi River across from Louisiana, Vicksburg was built by French colonists in 1719. The outpost withstood an attack from the native Natchez people. It was incorporated as Vicksburg in 1825 after Methodist missionary Newitt Vick. The area that is now Vicksburg was long occupied by the Natchez Native Americans as part of their historical territory along the Mississippi. The first Europeans who settled the area were French colonists who built Fort Saint Pierre in 1719 on the high bluffs overlooking the Yazoo River at present-day Redwood. They conducted fur trading with the Natchez and others, and started plantations. During the American Civil War, it was a key Confederate river-port, and its July 1863 surrender to Ulysses S. Grant, along with the concurrent Battle of Gettysburg, marked the turning-point of the war.
The Battle of Goodrich's Landing, Louisiana, was fought on June 29 and June 30, 1863, between Union and Confederate forces during the American Civil War. The Confederates attacked several Union regiments, who were composed mostly of black soldiers, in an attempt to disrupt the campaign at Vicksburg, Mississippi.
Mississippi was the second southern state to declare its secession from the United States, doing so on January 9, 1861. It joined with six other southern states to form the Confederacy on February 4, 1861. Mississippi's location along the lengthy Mississippi River made it strategically important to both the Union and the Confederacy; dozens of battles were fought in the state as armies repeatedly clashed near key towns and transportation nodes.
Blanche Douglass Leathers was the first woman master and a steamboat captain on the Mississippi River in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Her nicknames include "little captain," the "angel of the Mississippi" and the "lady skipper."
Holly Bluff is a small unincorporated community in Yazoo County, Mississippi.
Natchez has been the name of several steamboats, and four naval vessels, each named after the city of Natchez, Mississippi or the Natchez people. The current one has been in operation since 1975. The previous Natchez were all operated in the nineteenth century, most by Captain Thomas P. Leathers. Each of the steamboats since Leathers' first had as its ensign a cotton bale between its stacks.
Disharoon's Plantation was located in Tensas Parish, Louisiana and was used as a steamboat landing on the Mississippi River by Union Army General Ulysses S. Grant during the American Civil War.
Milliken's Bend is an extinct settlement that was located along the Mississippi River in Madison Parish, Louisiana, United States for about 100 years. In its heyday, the village had a boat landing, two streets of businesses, residences, churches, a four-room schoolhouse, a ferryman, and roads connecting it to Lake Providence, and Tallulah.
Rodney is a ghost town in Jefferson County, Mississippi, United States. Most of the buildings are gone and the remaining structures are in various states of disrepair. The town regularly floods and buildings have extensive flood damage. The Rodney History And Preservation Society is restoring Rodney Presbyterian Church, whose damaged facade from the American Civil War that includes a replica cannonball embedded above its balcony windows, has been maintained as part of the historical preservation. The Rodney Center Historic District is on the National Register of Historic Places.
Bruinsburg is an extinct settlement in Claiborne County, Mississippi, United States. Founded when the Natchez District was part of West Florida, the settlement was one of the end points of the Natchez Trace land route from Nashville to the lower Mississippi River valley.
Ben Lomond is a ghost town in Issaquena County, Mississippi, United States.
The 3rd United States Colored Cavalry was a regiment in the United States Army organized as one of the units of the United States Colored Troops during the American Civil War. The regiment was originally formed in October 1863 at Vicksburg, Mississippi as the 1st Mississippi Cavalry Regiment. The unit soon began taking part in expeditions near Vicksburg. In February–March 1864, the regiment saw action at Yazoo City. After being renamed the 3rd U.S. Colored Cavalry in March 1864, the regiment continued to participate in raids, including the Yazoo City expedition in May. In December 1864, the unit took part in a successful raid led by Benjamin Grierson during which the Battle of Egypt Station and other actions were fought. The regiment operated near Memphis, Tennessee, until April 1865, after which it returned to Vicksburg for occupation duties. The soldiers were mustered out of federal service in January 1866.
Skipwith's Landing was a 19th-century boat landing and human settlement on the east bank of the Mississippi River, located in the county of Issaquena in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Skipwith's Landing was situated about 55 mi (89 km) to 100 mi (160 km) north of Vicksburg, Mississippi, depending on mode of travel. Circa 1866, a witness at a U.S. Congressional hearing described Skipwith's Landing as being among the most sparsely populated sections of the state with no village or town in proximity. Circa 1867, there were no roads leading to or from Skipwith's Landing; the only access was by the river. For a time there was a cut made by the river that was known as Skipwith's Chute. Another related placename was Skipwith Crevasse. There was a U.S. post office at Skipwith's in 1870.
Aaron H. Forrest was one of the six Forrest brothers who engaged in the interregional slave trade in the United States prior to the American Civil War. He may have also owned or managed cotton plantations in Mississippi. He led a Confederate cavalry unit composed of volunteers from the Yazoo River region of Mississippi during the American Civil War. He died in 1864, apparently from illness.
Gaines Landing is an extinct settlement in Chicot County, Arkansas, United States that once hosted a boat landing along the Mississippi River. The location played a role in the story of fugitive slave Margaret Garner, and was used for troop movements during the American Civil War.
New Carthage, Louisiana, also known as Carthage Landing, was a 19th-century Mississippi River boat landing and village surrounded by cotton-producing agricultural land and undeveloped wetlands. New Carthage was located in, successively, Concordia Parish, Madison Parish, and Tensas Parish in Louisiana, United States. Destroyed by a combination of the American Civil War and the power of the Mississippi River, nothing remains of New Carthage today.
Municipalities and communities of East Carroll Parish, Louisiana, United States | ||
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| Unincorporated communities | ||
| Extinct settlements | ||