Goshu Wolde | |
---|---|
Minister of Foreign Affairs | |
In office 1983–1986 | |
Preceded by | Feleke Gedle-Giorgis |
Succeeded by | Berhanu Bayeh |
Personal details | |
Born | 1942 (age 80–81) Gore,Ethiopia |
Political party | COPWE WPE |
Other political affiliations | Ethiopian Medhin Democratic Party |
Education | Harar Military Academy Addis Ababa University (LL.B.) Yale Law School (LL.M.) |
Colonel Goshu Wolde (born 1942) is a former Ethiopian Foreign Minister [1] and worked as minister of education,of Ethiopia [2] [3] [4] from 1983 to 1986. Wolde,formerly a foreign minister under Mengistu,resigned the Mengistu government in 1986,by sending his resignation letter from New York City to Ethiopian Head of State Mengistu Haile Mariam,stating dictatorship,cruelty and deterioration of Revolution in his letter,and established himself in United States in opposition to the Mengistu Government [5] In the year 1992,Wolde founded the Ethiopian Medhin Democratic Party,in Washington D.C. [6] He made a famous speech to the US Senate Committee for Foreign Affairs in 1991 and that speech is still shared and discussed by millions of Ethiopians. [7] Wolde was the leader of two foreign based group movements,the shadowy Free Soldiers Movement and the Ethiopian Movement for Democracy,Peace and Unity. [8]
Goshu Wolde,was born in 1942 in Gore,Illubabor Province to a poor family. He did his primary schooling in Gore,while he completed his secondary schooling from Addis Ababa. Wolde attended Military academy in the years 1960-1963. He was awarded with military award,sword of honor,as he completed his military subjects as a topper. He joined Addis Ababa University received Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) and later attended the Yale University graduated with Mater of Law (LL.M.). [9] Wolde served as the chairman of National Literacy Campaign Coordinating Committee,in the year 1979,which was formed by the Derg to combat the low illiteracy rate of Ethiopia in year 1974. [10]
In a United Nations meeting in Geneva on African famine in 1985,the then Vice President of America,George H. W. Bush,had negotiated Food for the North Initiative [11] with the then Ethiopian Foreign Minister Goshu Wolde. [12] Wolde reportedly had accused Bush criticism of the Ethiopian Government Famine Relief efforts,as personal political motivations. [13] Wolde has raised his concerns about famine donations raised in Europe and America in form of food,clothing,equipments,money and that the donations were not reaching Ethiopian Government. He had asked West donations to be provided to Ethiopian Government directly instead of routing through private agencies. [14]
Following the rebel take over in May 1991 by the EPRDF,Wolde Goshu warned that a lasting peace would not develop unless a broad transitional government was established in which the Amhara ethnic group was adequately represented. [15]
On 21-22 March 1992,the Ethiopian Movement for Democracy,Peace and Unity (EMDPU) led by Goshu Wolde was launched as a political organisation in exile,opposed to the EPRDF regime. [15] [9]
Mengistu Haile Mariam is an Ethiopian former politician,former army officer and dictator,who was the head of state of Ethiopia from 1977 to 1991 and General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Ethiopia from 1984 to 1991. He was the chairman of the Derg,the socialist military junta that governed Ethiopia,from 1977 to 1987,and the president of the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (PDRE) from 1987 to 1991.
Tesfaye Gebre Kidan Geletu was an Ethiopian general who was the acting president of Ethiopia for one week in late May 1991.
Berhanu Beyeh is a former Ethiopian army officer and politician. He was Foreign Minister during the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (1986–1989). Prior to that,he was chairman of the Derg's committee for legal affairs. Beyeh was a refugee resident of the Italian Embassy from May 1991 until December 2020,when he left the Embassy.
Negasso Gidada Solon was an Ethiopian politician who was the president of Ethiopia from 1995 until 2001.
The Derg,officially the Provisional Military Administrative Council (PMAC),was the military junta that ruled Ethiopia,then including present-day Eritrea,from 1974 to 1987,when the military leadership formally "civilianized" the administration but stayed in power until 1991.
Tamrat Layne Admassu is an Ethiopian former politician and a converted born-again Christian. He had served as Prime Minister of Ethiopia during the Transitional Government of Ethiopia after the end of the Derg regime. Previously during the 1980s,he was a leader of the Ethiopian People's Democratic Movement,one of the groups that fought against Ethiopian dictator Mengistu Haile Mariam in the Ethiopian Civil War.
The People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (PDRE) was a socialist state that existed in Ethiopia and present-day Eritrea from 1987 to 1991.
Hailemariam Desalegn Boshe is an Ethiopian politician who served as prime minister of Ethiopia from 2012 to 2018. He also previously served as deputy prime minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs under Prime Minister Meles Zenawi from 2010 to 2012. After Meles' death in August 2012,Hailemariam succeeded him as prime minister,initially in an acting capacity. He was then elected as the chair of the EPRDF,the ruling party,on 15 September 2012. Hailemariam also served as the chairperson of the African Union from 2013 to 2014.
The Ethiopian Civil War was a civil war in Ethiopia and present-day Eritrea,fought between the Ethiopian military junta known as the Derg and Ethiopian-Eritrean anti-government rebels from 12 September 1974 to 28 May 1991.
LijAbiye Abebe was an Ethiopian politician and son-in-law of Emperor Haile Selassie.
Tesfaye Dinka Yadessa was an Ethiopian politician who was Minister of Finance (1983–1986),Minister of Foreign Affairs (1989–1991),and Prime Minister of Ethiopia. He was the head of the delegation of the Ethiopian Government during the London Conference of 1991 which aimed to end the Ethiopian Civil War.
The Black Lions were an anti-fascist resistance movement formed to fight against Italy during the occupation of the Ethiopian Empire in the Second World War.
The Transitional Government of Ethiopia (TGE) was an era established immediately after the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) seized power from the Marxist-Leninist People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (PDRE) in 1991. During the transitional period,Meles Zenawi served as the president of the TGE while Tamrat Layne was prime minister. Among other major shifts in the country's political institutions,it was under the authority of the TGE that the realignment of provincial boundaries on the basis of ethnolinguistic identity occurred. The TGE was in power until 1995,when it transitioned into the reconstituted Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia that remains today.
The Relief Society of Tigray is an NGO based in Tigray,northern Ethiopia. REST was founded in 1978 as an organisation providing relief efforts to civilians. As of 2008,Teklewoini Assefa served as Executive Director of REST. REST emerged as the humanitarian wing of the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) and has remained closely linked to TPLF. REST was active throughout the armed conflict of the 1980s,including during the devastating 1984–1985 famine. Since the 1990s it is the major NGO operating in Tigray.
Alemu Abebe is an Ethiopian politician. He served as mayor of Addis Ababa during the years of Red Terror.
Oromay is an Amharic-language novel,published in 1983. It was written by Baalu Girma. The novel presents a cynical account on the Red Star Campaign of the Derg military junta. The book was published by the Kuraz Publishing Agency in Addis Ababa. In spite of a government ban on the book,it became widely read and famous. According to Ruth Iyob,the book presents "an accurate and compelling account of the events surrounding the failure of this campaign".
Rear Admiral Iskinder Desta was a member of the Ethiopian Imperial family and naval officer. A grandson of Emperor Haile Selassie I,he served as the Deputy Commander of the Imperial Ethiopian Navy,its most senior officer,from 1958 until his execution by the Derg in 1974.
The Ministry of Justiceof Ethiopia has the authority of federal prosecution and had possessed executive and judicial powers. The ministry was a part of the federal branch of the government,and prosecuted cases that fell within the federal jurisdiction. In 1995,the responsibility for the federal police force and prisons was transferred to the Ministry of Justice after the Ministry of Internal Affairs was abolished. In 2017,it was announced that the Ministry of Justice's affairs would be transitioned into the Federal Attorney General's Office.
The fall of the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia,also known as Downfall of the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia,was a military campaign that resulted the defeat of the ruling party by the rebel coalition Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) on 28 May 1991 in Addis Ababa,ending the Ethiopian Civil War. The Derg took power after deposing Emperor Haile Selassie and the Solomonic dynasty,an imperial dynasty of Ethiopia that began in 1270. The Derg suffered insurgency with different factions,and separatist rebels groups since early their rule,beginning with the Ethiopian Civil War. The 1983–1985 famine,the Red Terror,and resettlement and villagization infamed the Derg with majority of Ethiopians tended to support insurgent groups like the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) and Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF).
This article is about the history of Gondar,a city in Amhara Region of Ethiopia,and previously served as the capital of the Ethiopian Empire from 1632 (at the beginning of Gondarine period to 1855 era.