The economy of New Zealand is a highly developed free-market economy. It is the 52nd-largest national economy in the world when measured by nominal gross domestic product (GDP) and the 63rd-largest in the world when measured by purchasing power parity (PPP). New Zealand has one of the most globalised economies and depends greatly on international trade,mainly with China,Australia,the European Union,the United States,and Japan. New Zealand's 1983 Closer Economic Relations agreement with Australia means that the economy aligns closely with that of Australia. Among OECD nations,New Zealand has a highly efficient and strong social security system;social expenditure stood at roughly 19.4% of GDP.
Dame Jennifer Mary Shipley is a New Zealand former politician who served as the 36th prime minister of New Zealand from 1997 to 1999. She was the first female prime minister of New Zealand,and the first woman to lead the National Party.
Sir Simon William English is a New Zealand former politician who served as the 39th prime minister of New Zealand from 2016 to 2017 and leader of the National Party from 2001 to 2003 and 2016 to 2018. He had previously served as the 17th deputy prime minister of New Zealand and minister of finance from 2008 to 2016 under John Key and the Fifth National Government.
The Reserve Bank of New Zealand (RBNZ) is the central bank of New Zealand. It was established in 1934 and is currently constituted under the Reserve Bank of New Zealand Act 2021. The governor of the Reserve Bank,currently Adrian Orr,is responsible for New Zealand's currency and operating monetary policy.
ANZ Bank New Zealand Limited is a New Zealand banking and financial services company,which operates as a subsidiary of Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited of Australia. ANZ is one of New Zealand's big four banks,and is the largest bank in New Zealand with approximately 30% of market share as of March 2021.
Richard John Hubbard is a New Zealand businessman and politician,founder and former principal of Hubbard Foods in Auckland,and mayor of Auckland City from 2004 to 2007. He was elected mayor of Auckland City on 9 October 2004,succeeding John Banks,who in turn succeeded Hubbard as mayor on 13 October 2007.
Sir David Cunningham Carter is a New Zealand National Party politician who served as the 29th Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives from 2013 to 2017 and as a Cabinet Minister in the Fourth and Fifth National Governments. He represented the Selwyn electorate in the 44th Parliament and the Banks Peninsula electorate in the 45th Parliament. He served as a list MP from 1999 until he retired at the 2020 election.
Sir John Phillip Key is a New Zealand retired politician who served as the 38th prime minister of New Zealand from 2008 to 2016 and as leader of the National Party from 2006 to 2016.
Roger Lawrence Kerr,a public policy and business leader,was the executive director of the New Zealand Business Roundtable,a free-market think-tank based in Wellington,New Zealand.
Alan Esmond Bollard is a New Zealand economist. He currently serves as the as chair of the New Zealand Infrastructure Commission. He previously served as the Executive Director of the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Secretariat for the period of 2013–2018,and as the Governor of the Reserve Bank of New Zealand for the period of 2002–2012.
Sir Ralph Norris is an Australasian business leader,knighted for services to New Zealand business in 2009. He transitioned from CIO to CEO,leading business and culture transformations across different industries. Currently the chairman of Craigs Investment Partners,Norris has held several chair and board roles and was previously CEO of ASB Bank (1991–2001),Air New Zealand (2002–2005) and the Commonwealth Bank Group (2005–2011). While at ASB,Norris was instrumental in the launch of New Zealand’s first automatic teller machines and Eftpos technology. He is known for his business turnaround acumen and 'no surprises' approach,demonstrating a practical and down-to-earth style. He led the banking industry globally in moving executive long-term incentives (LTIs) away from purely financial performance,linking them for the first time to customer satisfaction. Norris is a honorary Fellow of the Institute of IT Professionals,an ambassador of the Australian Indigenous Education Foundation,was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Business by the University of New South Wales in 2012,and was inducted into the New Zealand Business Hall of Fame in 2014. He is a strong advocate of tertiary education.
Mount Albert Grammar School,commonly known as MAGS,is a co-educational state secondary school in Mount Albert in Auckland,New Zealand. It teaches students in year levels 9 to 13. As of August 2021,Mount Albert Grammar School is the second largest school in New Zealand,behind Rangitoto College.
Lieutenant General Sir Jeremiah Mateparae is a former New Zealand soldier who served as the 20th governor-general of New Zealand between 2011 and 2016,the second Māori person to hold the office,after Sir Paul Reeves. A former officer in the New Zealand Army,he was the Chief of the Defence Force from 2006 to 2011,and then served as the director of the New Zealand Government Communications Security Bureau for five months in 2011. Following his term as governor-general,Mateparae was the high commissioner of New Zealand to the United Kingdom between 2017 and 2020.
Sir Roderick Sheldon Deane is a New Zealand economist,public sector reformer,and businessman. He served as deputy governor of the Reserve Bank of New Zealand,and as CEO and chairman of the country's largest telecommunications company,Telecom New Zealand.
Robert Ian Fyfe is a New Zealand businessman and a former chief executive officer (CEO) of New Zealand national airline Air New Zealand.
New Zealand dollar banknotes are the banknotes in circulation in New Zealand,the Cook Islands,Tokelau,Niue and the Pitcairn Islands,denominated in the New Zealand dollar. They are issued by the Reserve Bank of New Zealand and since 1999 have been made of polymer.
Between May 2006 and the end of 2012 there were sixty-seven finance company collapses in New Zealand; including companies entering into liquidation,receivership or moratoria. An inquiry by the New Zealand Parliament estimated losses at over $3 billion that affected between 150,000 and 200,000 depositors. The most high-profile collapses were South Canterbury Finance,Hanover Finance and Bridgecorp Holdings. The collapse radically reduced the size and importance of the non-bank finance sector in New Zealand. According to the Reserve Bank,at the height of financial expansion prior to the 2007–2008 financial crisis,non-bank lenders had assets of about $25 billion and made up 8 percent of lending by financial institutions. By late 2013 the size of the finance sector was half its previous size and accounted for only 3 percent of institutional lending. In the years following the beginning of the collapses,sweeping legislative and regulatory changes were made,aimed at improving oversight and regulation of the finance industry.
Dame Patricia Lee Reddy is a New Zealand lawyer and businesswoman who served as the 21st governor-general of New Zealand from 2016 to 2021.
John Stewart Ombler is a New Zealand public servant. He served as deputy State Services Commissioner from 2008 until 2014,and briefly in 2019,and as the controller of the all-of-government response during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic.
Adrian Orr is a New Zealand economist and current Governor of the Reserve Bank of New Zealand.
