The Italian Communist Party was a political party in Italy. The PCI was founded as the Communist Party of Italy on 21 January 1921 in Livorno by seceding from the Italian Socialist Party (PSI). Amadeo Bordiga, Antonio Gramsci, and Nicola Bombacci led the communist split. Outlawed during the Italian fascist regime, the party played a major role in the Italian resistance movement.
The Ardeatine massacre, or Fosse Ardeatine massacre, was a mass killing of 335 civilians and political prisoners carried out in Rome on 24 March 1944 by German occupation troops during the Second World War as a reprisal for the Via Rasella attack in central Rome against the SS Police Regiment Bozen the previous day.
The Italian resistance movement is an umbrella term for the Italian resistance groups who fought the occupying forces of Nazi Germany and the fascist collaborationists of the Italian Social Republic during the Second World War in Italy from 1943 to 1945. As an anti-fascist movement and organisation, La Resistenza opposed Nazi Germany, as well as Nazi Germany's Italian puppet state regime, the Italian Social Republic, which was created by the Germans following the Nazi German invasion and military occupation of Italy by the Wehrmacht and the Waffen-SS from September 1943 until April 1945.
Pietro Sandro Nenni was an Italian socialist politician, the national secretary of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) and senator for life since 1970. He was a recipient of the Lenin Peace Prize in 1951. He was one of the founders of the Italian Republic and a central figure of the Italian political left from the 1920s to the 1960s.
Antonello Trombadori was an Italian politician, art critic and journalist.
The Italian Civil War was a civil war in the Kingdom of Italy fought during World War II between Italian Fascists and Italian partisans and, to a lesser extent, the Italian Co-Belligerent Army.
The Communist Party is an anti-revisionist Marxist–Leninist communist party in Italy, founded in 2009. It defines itself as "the revolutionary political vanguard organization of the working class in Italy". Since 2013, it is part of the Initiative of Communist and Workers' Parties (INITIATIVE), of which it is one of the founder parties and still the representative for Italy.
The Committee of National Liberation for Northern Italy was set up in February 1944 by partisans behind German lines in the Italian Social Republic, a German puppet state in Northern Italy. It enjoyed the loyalty of most anti-fascist groups in the region.
Polizeiregiment "Südtirol", later Bozen, and finally SS-Polizeiregiment "Bozen", was a military unit of the German Ordnungspolizei recruited in the largely ethnic-German Alto Adige region in north-east Italy in late 1943, during the de facto German annexation of the region. The ranks were ethnically German Italian draftees while officers and NCOs were Germans.
Carla Capponi aka The Little English Girl was an Italian partisan and politician who received the Gold Medal of Military Valour for her participation in the Italian resistance movement.
The Via Rasella attack was an action taken by the Italian resistance movement against the Nazi German occupation forces in Rome, Italy, on 23 March 1944.
The Italian partisan brigades were armed formations involved in the Italian resistance during the World War II.
The Brigate Garibaldi or Garibaldi Brigades were partisan units aligned with the Italian Communist Party active in the armed resistance against both German and Italian fascist forces during World War II.
The Brigate Osoppo-Friuli or Osoppo-Friuli Brigades were autonomous partisan formations founded in the headquarter of the Archbishop Seminary of Udine on 24 December 1943 by partisan volunteers of mixed ideologies, already active in Carnia and Friuli before the Badoglio Proclamation of 8 September. The partisans in this brigade adhered to various and often conflicting ideologies, including both secularism and Catholicism, as well as socialism and liberalism.
The history of women in the Italian Resistance plays a key role for the partisan movement in the fight against Nazifascism. They fought to regain their country's freedom and justice by holding functions of primary importance.
Rosario Bentivegna was an Italian partisan and doctor. During the Second World War, while studying medicine at university, Bentivegna joined the Italian Communist Party and became an active member of the guerilla groups organized by the Roman resistance following the occupation of Italy by Nazi Germany. Under the codename "Paolo", he was one of the principle actors of the Via Rasella attack that killed 32 soldiers of the SS Police Regiment Bozen. After the war, Bentivegna remained a member of the Communist Party and married fellow Italian partisan Carla Capponi, who together promoted their party and the actions of the Italian resistance movement.
Giuseppe Cordero Lanza di Montezemolo was an Italian soldier and Resistance member.
Mario Fiorentini was an Italian partisan, spy, mathematician, and academic, for years a professor of geometry at the University of Ferrara. He engaged in numerous partisan actions, including the assault on the entrance to the Regina Coeli prison and participating in the organization of the attack in via Rasella. He was Italy's most decorated World War II partisan.
Vincenzo Moscatelli, better known as Cino Moscatelli was an Italian Resistance leader during World War II. After the war he became a politician in the Italian Communist Party, serving in the Italian Constituent Assembly, the Italian Senate and the Italian Chamber of Deputies.
Pietro Secchia was an Italian politician, anti-fascist partisan leader and a prominent leader of the Italian Communist Party.
National Liberation Committee 
German Occupying Forces 
Italian Social Republic 