Haidar Qassāb

Last updated
Haidar Qassab
King
Reign 1356-1356
Predecessor Zahir al-Din Karawi
Successor Lutf Allah
Died 1356
Dynasty Sarbadars
Religion Shia Islam

Haidar Qassāb (died 1356) was the head of the Sarbadars of Sabzewar During 1356.

Sarbadars

The Sarbadars were a mixture of religious dervishes and secular rulers that came to rule over part of western Khurasan in the midst of the disintegration of the Mongol Ilkhanate in the mid-14th century. Centered in their capital of Sabzavar, they continued their reign until Khwaja 'Ali-yi Mu'ayyad submitted to Timur in 1381, and were one of the few groups that managed to mostly avoid Timur's famous brutality. Sheikh Khalifa Mazandarani one of the leaders of this movement was indeed a great scholar. In modern Iranian history the term "Sarbedars" was used by the Union of Iranian Communists (Sarbedaran) during their armed uprising in January 1982 in Amol against the Iranian regime.

Contents

Biography

A possible member of the artisan guild, [1] Haidar Qassāb served in the government of Khwaja Shams al-Din 'Ali as a collector of urban craft and trade taxes. When the accounts for the revenues generated by these taxes fell into arrears, Haidar was harshly punished by Shams al-Din 'Ali. In retaliation, Haidar had him assassinated in 1351 or 1352. Yahya Karawi, an aristocrat who had been informed by Haidar of the assassination plot, succeeded Shams al-Din 'Ali as head of state. Under him Haidar served in a military post and commanded the army forces in Astarabad after it was conquered in 1353/54.

Khwaja Shams al-Din 'Ali was the leader of the Sarbadars of Sabzewar from 1348 until his death.

Arrears is a legal term for the part of a debt that is overdue after missing one or more required payments. The amount of the arrears is the amount accrued from the date on which the first missed payment was due. The term is usually used in relation with periodically recurring payments such as rent, bills, royalties, and child support.

Yahya Karawi was the leader of the Sarbadars of Sabzewar from around 1353 until his death.

When Yahya was murdered in 1355 or 1356, several members of the party of Wajih ad-Din Mas'ud attempted to install Mas'ud's son Lutf Allah as ruler. Haidar Qassāb prevented this by marching from Astarabad to Sabzewar and forcing the conspirators to flee the city. When they sought refuge in a castle, he had it razed to the ground. After this he installed Yahya's nephew Zahir al-Din Karawi as head of state.

Wajih ad-Din Mas'ud was the leader of the Sarbadars of Sabzewar from 1338-1343 until his death. Under his rule, the Sarbadar state developed its characteristic dual nature as both a secular and radical Shi'i state.

Lutf Allah was the leader of the Sarbadars of Sabzewar from 1356 until his death.

Zahir al-Din Karawi was the leader of the Sarbadars of Sabzewar from 1356 - 1359

Zahir al-Din quickly proved to be an unsatisfactory ruler for Haidar Qassib. Some of Mas'ud's followers had escaped Haidar's purge, and Luft Allah's atabeg Nasr Allah rebelled in Esfarayen. Ignoring Haidar's advice, Zahir al-Din refused to move against the rebels. Haidar then deposed him and took formal control of the government himself. His position was very weak, however; both the partisans of Mas'ud (who disliked him for his original affiliation with Shams al-Din 'Ali and his crackdown on Lutf Allah's supporters) and the dervishes (who hated him due to his murder of Shams al-Din 'Ali) were opposed to him. [2] Before he and his army could reach Esfarayen to subdue the rebels, he was stabbed to death by the Turkish slave of Hasan Damghani in 1356. Hasan Damghani then installed Lutf Allah as head of the Sarbadars.

Atabeg, Atabek, or Atabey is a hereditary title of nobility of a Turkic origin, indicating a governor of a nation or province who was subordinate to a monarch and charged with raising the crown prince. The first instance of the title's use was with early Seljuk Turks who bestowed it on the Persian vizier Nizam al-Mulk It was later used in the Kingdom of Georgia, first within the Armeno-Georgian family of Mkhargrdzeli as a military title and then within the house of Jaqeli as princes of Samtskhe.

Esfarayen City in North Khorasan, Iran

Esfarayen is a city and capital of Esfarayen County, North Khorasan Province in Iran. At the 2011 census its population was 60,372 persons in 17,334 families.

Notes

  1. ↑ Roemer, p. 28
  2. ↑ Roemer, p. 30

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References

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Preceded by
Zahir al-Din Karawi 		Head of the Sarbadars
1355/6–1356 		Succeeded by
Lutf Allah
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