Tanzania,officially the United Republic of Tanzania,is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region. It is bordered by Uganda to the northwest;Kenya to the northeast;the Indian Ocean to the east;Mozambique and Malawi to the south;Zambia to the southwest;and Rwanda,Burundi,and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west. Mount Kilimanjaro,Africa's highest mountain,is in northeastern Tanzania. According to the 2022 national census,Tanzania has a population of around 62 million,making it the most populous country located entirely south of the equator.
The politics of Tanzania takes place in a framework of a unitary presidential democratic republic,whereby the President of Tanzania is both head of state and head of government,and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and parliament. The party system is dominated by the Chama Cha Mapinduzi. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.
Telecommunications in Tanzania include radio,television,fixed and mobile telephones,and the Internet available in mainland Tanzania and the semiautonomous Zanzibar archipelago.
Zanzibar is an insular semi-autonomous region which united with Tanganyika in 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanzania. It is an archipelago in the Indian Ocean,25–50 km (16–31 mi) off the coast of the African mainland,and consists of many small islands and two large ones:Unguja and Pemba Island. The capital is Zanzibar City,located on the island of Unguja. Its historic centre,Stone Town,is a World Heritage Site.
The president of Zanzibar is the head of the Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar,which is a semi-autonomous government within Tanzania. The current president is Hussein Mwinyi. The president is also the chairman of the Revolutionary Council,whose members are appointed by the president,and some of which must be selected from the House of Representatives.
The Zanzibar House of Representatives is the unicameral,subnational legislature of the autonomous islands of Zanzibar in Tanzania.
The Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania,also known as the Permanent Constitution,was ratified in 16 March 1977. Before the current establishment,Tanzania has had three constitutions:the Independence Constitution (1961),the Republican Constitution (1962),and the Interim Constitution of the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar (1964).
Samia Suluhu Hassan is a Tanzanian politician who has been serving as president of Tanzania since 19 March 2021. She is the first woman to serve in the position. She previously served as vice-president of Tanzania from 2015 to 2021,from which she ascended to the presidency following the death of her predecessor,John Magufuli.
Hussein Ali Mwinyi is the 8th president of Zanzibar. The son of former Tanzanian president Ali Hasan Mwinyi,he is a member of the Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) political party.
Zubeir Ali Maulid is a Tanzanian CCM politician and Member of Parliament for the Kwamtipura constituency in the National Assembly of Tanzania since 2000. He was appointed the speaker of the Zanzibar House of Representatives in 2016.
General elections were held in Tanzania on 25 October 2015. Voters elected the president,members of Parliament,and local government councillors. By convention,the election was held on the last Sunday of October and was supervised by the National Electoral Commission (NEC). Political campaigns commenced on 22 August and ceased a day before the elections.
The Alliance for Change and Transparency,sometimes known as the ACT–Wazalendo,is the third-largest political party in Tanzania. It received its permanent registration in May 2014.
The Judiciary of Tanzania is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Tanzania. The current judiciary bases its foundation to the constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania of 1977. Under the Constitution of Tanzania,Justices and Magistrates are independent of the government and subject only to the Constitution and the law. The country has a dual juristition system where there is a judicial structure responsible for Tanzania Mainland and another for Zanzibar. The Court of Appeal of the United Republic was established in 1979 as the final appellate judicial body with jurisdiction over the entire union.
Juma Duni Haji is a Tanzanian politician and former civil servant. He is the Chairperson of ACT Wazalendo. He previously served as the Deputy Chairman of the Civic United Front from 2014 to 2015.
Dr. Abdallah Saleh Possi is a Tanzanian diplomat who serves as Tanzania's Permanent Representative to The United Nations Office and other International Organisations in Geneva. Before,he served as Tansania´s Ambassador to Germany,and was also accredited to Austria,Bulgaria,Czech Republic,the Holy See,Hungary,Poland,Romania,Slovakia and Switzerland. Before assuming his first Diplomatic obligations,Dr. Possi had served as a Member of Parliament and the Deputy Minister of State in the Prime Minister's Office responsible for Persons with Disability. Previously,he worked as a lecturer at the University of Dodoma in Tanzania;and practiced as an Advocate of the High Court of Tanzania. He had also worked as a tutor at the Institute of Judicial Administration in Lushoto,Tanga,Tanzania. He holds LL.B. and LL.M. from the University of Dar es Salaam (Tanzania),and a Dr. phil. from the University of Erlangen–Nuremberg in Germany. Dr. Possi is married and has three children.
Hemed Suleiman Abdulla is a Tanzanian CCM politician and 2nd Vice President of Zanzibar from 2020. He was nominated by the President Hussein Mwinyi to become a member of Zanzibar House of Representatives.
The vice president of Zanzibar is a political position in Zanzibar. The vice presidency was created by the 2010 amendments made to the Zanzibar Constitution. First Vice President is supposed to come from a political party other than that of the President of Zanzibar. According to the Constitution,the Second Vice President is supposed to be a member of the Zanzibar House of Representatives,and must come from the same political party as the President.
The Zanzibar Utilities Regulatory Authority (ZURA) is a multisectoral government agency established under Act No. 7/2013 of the Laws of Zanzibar to provide technical and economic regulation in both electricity,petroleum and water sectors in Zanzibar,autonomous part of Zanzibar Archipelago,Tanzania,East Africa.
Egypt–Tanzania relations are bilateral relations between Egypt and Tanzania. The two nations primarily maintain trade ties and established formal diplomatic relations in 1964.
Mohamed Mchengerwa is a current member of the Tanzanian Cabinet and is a Minister in the president's office in Tanzania. He is a member of the Chama Cha Mapinduzi political party. He was elected MP representing Rufiji in 2015.
