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The Negro American League was one of the several Negro leagues created during the time organized American baseball was segregated. The league was established in 1937,and disbanded after its 1962 season.
The first Negro National League was one of the several Negro leagues that were established during the period in the United States when organized baseball was segregated. The league was formed in 1920 with former player Rube Foster as its president.
The second Negro National League was one of the several Negro leagues that were established during the period in the United States when organized baseball was segregated. The league was founded in 1933 by businessman Gus Greenlee of Pittsburgh.
The Kansas City Monarchs were the longest-running franchise in the history of baseball's Negro leagues. Operating in Kansas City,Missouri,and owned by J. L. Wilkinson,they were charter members of the Negro National League from 1920 to 1930. Wilkinson was the first white owner at the time of the establishment of the team. In 1930,the Monarchs became the first professional baseball team to use a portable lighting system which was transported from game to game in trucks to play games at night,five years before any Major League Baseball team did. The Monarchs won ten league championships before integration,and triumphed in the first Negro World Series in 1924. The Monarchs had only one season in which they did not have a winning record and produced more major league players than any other Negro league franchise. It was disbanded in 1965.
James Allen "Candy Jim" Taylor was an American third baseman and manager in Negro league baseball. In a career that spanned forty years,he played as an infielder in the early years of the 20th century for over a dozen black baseball teams;by the mid-1920s,he would play less regularly,with his final game came at 58. In 1920,the same year of the start of the golden era of Negro league baseball,he would take on the responsibilities of manager,where he would manage 1,967 games for twelve teams. Described as one of the great strategists of his era,Taylor is the all-time winningest manager in the Negro league era,having 955 wins along with two Negro World Series titles and one additional pennant in 27 seasons as manager. He has the most seasons managed by an African American manager along with having the seventh most for a manager in the history of baseball.
The East–West All-Star Game was an annual all-star game for Negro league baseball players. The game was the brainchild of Gus Greenlee,owner of the Pittsburgh Crawfords. In 1933 he decided to emulate the Major League Baseball All-Star Game,using Negro league players. Newspaper balloting was set up to allow the fans to choose the starting lineups for that first game,a tradition that continued through the series' end in 1962. Unlike the MLB All-Star game which is played near the middle of the season,the Negro All-Star game was held toward the end of the season.
Steubenville High School was a public high school in Steubenville,Ohio,United States. It was the only secondary school in the Steubenville City School District.
The Negro Southern League (NSL) was one of the several Negro baseball leagues created during the time organized baseball was segregated. The NSL was organized as a minor league in 1920 and lasted until 1936. It was considered a major league for the 1932 season and it was also the only organized league to finish its full schedule that season. Prior to the season,several established teams joined the NSL,mainly from the collapsed Negro National League.
The Laurel Black Cats are a semi-professional baseball team located in Queensburg,Laurel,Mississippi. One of Mississippi's original Independent Negro league's charter franchises,the club was founded in 1932 by Dayton Hair. Negro leaguers such as Hank Aaron,Willie Mays,Satchel Paige,Piper Davis,Lester Lockett,Artie Wilson and Ed Steele are among the many players to play for the Black Cats. Games were held on Sundays always starting at 3:00 pm so that fans could attend after church. From the 1930s to the 60s,the Black Cats' home ballpark was Rahaim Park,located in the KC Community. In the 1990s,they moved to the Queensburg Community,where they remain. The Black Cats have achieved widespread popularity and a dedicated fan base. Their rivalry with the Hattiesburg Black Sox is arguably the fiercest and most historic in the state of Mississippi semi-pro baseball. After sending several players to college and other Negro league franchises,the team was disbanded in 2006 but later returned in 2010 when former Jones County Junior College assistant baseball coach Jody P. Babineaux took ownership and management of the club. In 2016 the team won a state championship.
Theodore Reginald Strong,Jr.,was an American Negro league baseball player who played from 1936 to 1942 and again from 1946 to 1951 for the Chicago American Giants,Indianapolis Athletics,Kansas City Monarchs,Indianapolis ABCs,and Indianapolis Clowns.
Samuel Crawford was an American pitcher and manager in baseball's Negro leagues.
Walter Lee "Newt" Joseph was an American third baseman and manager in Negro league baseball.
The 1948 Negro World Series was the championship tournament for the 1948 season of Negro league baseball. It was the seventh edition of the second incarnation of the Negro World Series and the eleventh overall played. It was a best-of-seven playoff played between the Homestead Grays of the Negro National League and the Birmingham Black Barons,champions of the Negro American League. The Homestead Grays played home games in both Washington,D.C.,and Pittsburgh. It was the fifth appearance for the Grays in the Series,the most for any team;Birmingham made their third appearance in the Series,with each being against the Grays. The Grays won the series in five games. The Black Barons featured the 17-year-old Willie Mays in his first professional season.
Carl Holden is an American former professional baseball catcher who played in the Negro leagues,in 1960. In his only season,Holden played for the Birmingham Black Barons before going on to join different semi-professional teams. Later on,Holden helped spread awareness about the history of Negro league baseball.
The Memphis Red Sox were an American Negro league baseball team that was active from 1920 to 1959. Originally named the Barber College Baseball Club,the team was initially owned and operated by Arthur P. Martin,a local Memphis barber. In the late 1920s the Martin brothers,all three Memphis doctors and businessmen,purchased the Red Sox. J. B. Martin,W. S. Martin,and B. B. Martin,would retain control of the club till its dissolution in 1959. The Red Sox played as members,at various times,of the Negro Southern League,Negro National League,and Negro American League. The team was never a titan of the Negro leagues like wealthier teams in northern cities of the United States,but sound management led to a continuous thirty-nine years of operation,a span that was exceeded by very few other teams. Following integration the team had five players that would eventually make the rosters of Major League Baseball teams and two players that were inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame.
The following is a timeline of the evolution of major-league-caliber franchises in Negro league baseball. The franchises included are those of high-caliber independent teams prior to the organization of formal league play in 1920 and concludes with the dissolution of the remnant of the last major Negro league team,the Kansas City Monarchs then based out of Grand Rapids,Michigan,in about 1966. All teams who played a season while a member of a major Negro league are included. The major leagues are the original Negro National League,the Eastern Colored League,the American Negro League,the East–West League,the second Negro National League and the Negro American League. Teams from the 1932 original Negro Southern League are also included which allows for the inclusion of the few high caliber minor Negro league teams.
William Bell Jr. was an American pitcher who played in the Negro American League in all or part of four seasons spanning 1949–1954. Born in Des Moines,Iowa,he batted and threw left handed.
Leicester Moody was an American Negro league first baseman in the 1940s.
Winfield Scott Welch,nicknamed "Gus" and "Moe",was an American Negro league outfielder and manager. Welch spent most of his playing career with minor Negro teams. He is best known as a successful manager,lauded by some as "the Connie Mack of Negro baseball"
References
- 1 2 "Negro Leagues Baseball eMuseum: Personal Profiles: Harold Hair". nlbemuseum.com. Retrieved 2024-11-17.
- 1 2 3 "Harold Hair". coe.k-state.edu. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
- ↑ "Veterans of Negro League share with Ocalans". ocala.com. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
- ↑ Lester, Larry (2000). Black Baseball in Kansas City. Arcadia Publishing. p. 84. ISBN 9780738508429.