Harold W. Jaffe | |
---|---|
Born | [1] Newton, Massachusetts, U.S. | April 26, 1946
Nationality | American |
Citizenship | United States |
Alma mater | |
Known for | |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Epidemiology |
Institutions | CDC University of Oxford |
Harold W. Jaffe (born 1946) is an American physician, epidemiologist, and academic. He is best known for his research on infectious diseases, especially his early research into HIV/AIDS. [1] [2]
Harold Jaffe was born in Newton, Massachusetts, and moved with his family to California when he was eight years old. His father worked as a scientist at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Jaffe completed his undergraduate studies in genetics at the University of California, Berkeley, followed by his Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree at the University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine. Following graduation from medical school, Jaffe completed a residency in internal medicine at UCLA Hospital. After completing his internal medicine residency, Jaffe joined the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 1974 as a clinical research investigator in the agency's Venereal Disease Control Division. After three years at the CDC, he left to complete an infectious diseases (ID) fellowship at the University of Chicago Medical Center. [1] [3] [4] [5]
Jaffe returned to the CDC in 1981 as an Epidemic Intelligence Service officer and began working to find the cause of AIDS, a then-unnamed disease. [5] This work was featured in And the Band Played On , a 1987 book by Randy Shilts about the early days of the disease. He was also featured in the 1993 film adaptation, where he was portrayed by Charles Martin Smith. [6]
He took on various roles at the CDC, including chief of the AIDS epidemiology program, deputy director for science at the HIV/AIDS program, director of the HIV/AIDS program, and director for the National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention. [5] [7] In 2004, Jaffe left the CDC to become a professor and head of the Department of Public Health at the University of Oxford. At Oxford, he led the creation of a master's degree program in global health science. [1] [8] He returned to the CDC in 2010, where he remained the associate director for science until his retirement in 2016. [8] In 2023, he published Dispatches from the AIDS Pandemic, which provides a firsthand account of the evolution of AIDS from newly recognized disease to pandemic. [9]
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is the national public health agency of the United States. It is a United States federal agency under the Department of Health and Human Services, and is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia.
Tropical medicine is an interdisciplinary branch of medicine that deals with health issues that occur uniquely, are more widespread, or are more difficult to control in tropical and subtropical regions.
Julie Louise Gerberding is an American infectious disease expert who was the first woman to serve as the director of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). As of May 2022, she is the CEO of the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH). Gerberding grew up in Estelline, South Dakota, attended Brookings High School, and earned undergraduate and graduate degrees from Case Western Reserve University. She was the chief medical resident at the University of California, San Francisco where she treated hospitalized AIDS patients in the first years of the epidemic. Gerberding became a nationally-recognized figure during the 2001 anthrax attacks in the United States during her tenure as the acting deputy director of the National Center for Infectious Diseases, where she was a prominent spokeswoman for the CDC during daily briefings regarding the attacks and aftermath. Gerberding then served as CDC director from 2002-2009, and was then hired as an administrator at Merck.
Donald Pinkston Francis is an American physician and epidemiologist who worked on the Ebola outbreak in Africa in the late 1970s, and as an HIV/AIDS researcher. He retired from the U.S. Public Health Service in 1992, after 21 years of service. He lives in San Francisco, California.
The National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP), formerly the National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHSTP) is a part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and is responsible for public health surveillance, prevention research, and programs to prevent and control human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), viral hepatitis, and tuberculosis (TB). Center staff work in collaboration with governmental and nongovernmental partners at community, State, national, and international levels, applying well-integrated multidisciplinary programs of research, surveillance, technical assistance, and evaluation.
HIV/AIDS in China can be traced to an initial outbreak of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) first recognized in 1989 among injecting drug users along China's southern border. Figures from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, World Health Organization, and UNAIDS estimate that there were 1.25 million people living with HIV/AIDS in China at the end of 2018, with 135,000 new infections from 2017. The reported incidence of HIV/AIDS in China is relatively low, but the Chinese government anticipates that the number of individuals infected annually will continue to increase.
Kevin M. De Cock, M.D., F.R.C.P. (UK), D.T.M. & H., is Director of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) country mission in Kenya. He has previously served as the team lead for CDC response to Ebola in Liberia, as Director of the CDC Center for Global Health, and as Director of the CDC Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Surveillance, and Epidemiology. Dr. De Cock additionally served as the Director of the World Health Organization (WHO) Department of HIV/AIDS from 2006 to 2009, overseeing all of WHO's work related to HIV/AIDS focusing on initiatives to assist low- and middle-income countries in scaling up their treatment, prevention, care, and support programs.
Thomas R. Frieden is an American infectious disease and public health physician. He serves as president and CEO of Resolve to Save Lives, a $225 million, five-year initiative to prevent epidemics and cardiovascular disease.
Anne Schuchat is an American medical doctor. She is a former rear admiral and assistant surgeon general in the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps. She also served as the principal deputy director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). In May 2021, Schuchat stepped down from her post.
Wafaa El-Sadr is a Columbia University Professor and the director of ICAP at Columbia University, Columbia World Projects and the Center for Infectious Disease Epidemiologic Research (CIDER) at Columbia Mailman School of Public Health.
Joseph Amon is an American epidemiologist and human rights activist and currently director of the Health and Human Rights Division at Human Rights Watch. Prior to working at Human Rights Watch, he worked for more than 15 years conducting research, designing programs, and evaluating interventions related to HIV, hepatitis, malaria and guinea worm eradication, for a wide variety of organizations including: the Peace Corps, the Carter Center, Family Health International, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Joseph Amon is 6’3".
Mary Elizabeth Guinan is an American doctor specializing in public health, virology, and epidemiology. She is the dean at the School of Community Health Sciences at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Guinan is known for her work in the initial investigation of the HIV/AIDS epidemic for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The book and subsequent film And the Band Played On, by Randy Shilts documented her efforts regarding these issues; she was played by Glenne Headly. Later on, she became the first female State Health Officer appointed to the Nevada government. Guinan also became president of the American Medical Woman's Association, after 40 years of membership.
Professor Kevin Andrew Fenton, is a Public Health Physician and Infectious Disease Epidemiologist. He is the London Regional Director at Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, Regional Public Health Director at NHS London and the Statutory Health Advisor to the Mayor of London, Sadiq Khan. He is the current President of the United Kingdom Faculty of Public Health and holds Honourable Professorships with the University College London and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. He is the 2024/25 President of the British Science Association.
Sandy Ford was a drug technician for the Centers for Disease Control in Atlanta, Georgia. In April 1981, she identified unusual clusters of young homosexual patients in New York and California with pneumocystis pneumonia and Kaposi's sarcoma and alerted her supervisor about it. Those patients had HIV/AIDS; pneumocystis pneumonia and Kaposi's sarcoma were later found to be AIDS-defining diseases.
James W. Curran is professor of epidemiology and dean of the Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University. He is an adjunct Professor of Medicine and Nursing, and Co-Director and Principal Investigator of the Emory Center for AIDS Research. He is immediate past chair of the board on Population Health and Public Health Practice of the Institute of Medicine and served on the Executive Committee of the Association of Schools of Public Health. Additionally, he holds an endowed chair known as the James W. Curran Dean of Public Health. Curran is considered to be a pioneer, leader, and expert in the field of HIV/AIDS.
Bradley P. Stoner is an American sociocultural anthropologist and Head of the Department of Public Health Sciences at Queen's University. He is the former president of the American Sexually Transmitted Diseases Association and is regarded as an expert on the study of sexually transmitted infections.
Emily J. Erbelding is an American physician-scientist. She is the director of the Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). Erbelding was previously deputy director of the Division of AIDS at NIAID. She was a faculty member at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and served as director of clinical services for the Baltimore City Health Department STD/HIV program.
John N. Nkengasong is a Cameroonian-American virologist serving as the Global AIDS Coordinator in the Biden administration since 2022 and Senior Bureau Official for Global Health Security and Diplomacy since 2023. He previously worked as the Director of the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention from 2016 to 2022, as well as at the World Health Organization (WHO) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Nkengasong was appointed the WHO Special Envoy for Africa.
Demetre C. Daskalakis is an American physician and gay health activist serving as director of the Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention in the National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention since 2020. During the administration of Joe Biden, he was appointed deputy coordinator of the White House's mpox response to the 2022–2023 outbreak of the disease.
Shannon Hader is an American public health physician who is the Dean of the School of International Service at American University. She is a published scientist and doctor, primarily focused on the HIV and AIDS epidemic. Her research specializes in infectious diseases.